Símbol sexual
![](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Marilyn_Monroe_in_Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_trailer.jpg/220px-Marilyn_Monroe_in_Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_trailer.jpg)
Un símbol sexual o un sex symbol és una persona famosa de qualsevol sexe o orientació sexual que destaca pel seu atractiu eròtic segons l'opinió d'una gran quantitat de persones. Molt sovint les professions dels símbols sexuals són actors, músics, models, ídols de l'adolescència o estrelles de l'esport.
En el cinema els sex symbols estan relacionats amb l'star system ja des de l'època del cinema mut amb el fenomen de les vampiresses com Theda Bara i Pola Negri. Els diaris sensacionalistes els paparazzis i les tertúlies televisives tenen un gran paper en la creació d'aquests models sexuals. El sex symbol és sobretot un fenomen sociològic lligat al desenvolupament de les comunicacions que permet que determinades persones arribin a la fama i la seva imatge sigui coneguda pel gran públic.
Exemples notables
[modifica]Anys 1920 i anteriors
[modifica]- Josephine Baker[1]
- Theda Bara[2]
- Louise Brooks[3]
- Clara Bow[4]
- Ramon Novarro[5]
- Lillian Russell[6]
- Rudolph Valentino[7]
Anys 1930
[modifica]- Clark Gable[8]
- Gary Cooper[8]
- Errol Flynn[9]
- Jean Harlow[10]
- Anna May Wong[11]
- Vivien Leigh[8]
- Bette Davis[8]
- Mae West[8]
Anys 1940
[modifica]Anys 1950
[modifica]- Marlon Brando[17]
- Humphrey Bogart[8]
- Montgomery Clift[18]
- James Dean[19]
- Betty Grable[20]
- Ava Gardner[21]
- Grace Kelly[22]
- Gina Lollobrigida[23]
- Sophia Loren[24]
- Jayne Mansfield[19]
- Marilyn Monroe
- Gregory Peck[25]
- Elvis Presley[24]
- Lana Turner[10]
- Elizabeth Taylor[26]
- Mamie Van Doren[27]
- Harry Belafonte
Anys 1960
[modifica]- Alain Delon[8]
- Brigitte Bardot
- Sean Connery[28]
- Catherine Deneuve[29]
- Jane Fonda[30]
- John F. Kennedy[24]
- Robert Goulet[31]
- Mick Jagger[19]
- Tom Jones[32]
- Eartha Kitt[33]
- Nélida Lobato
- Ann-Margret[34]
- Jim Morrison[24]
- Paul Newman[28]
- Robert Redford[8]
- Isabel Sarli[35]
- Raquel Welch[36]
Anys 1970
[modifica]- Graciela Alfano[37]
- Raquel Argandoña
- Catherine Bach[38]
- Jacqueline Bisset[39]
- Lynda Carter
- Moria Casán[40]
- Farrah Fawcett[41]
- Susana Giménez
- Pam Grier[42]
- Grace Jones[43]
- Burt Reynolds[8]
- Richard Roundtree[44]
- Maria Schneider[45]
- John Travolta[24]
Anys 1980
[modifica]- Tom Cruise[46]
- Bo Derek[47]
- Gérard Depardieu[24]
- Cher[48]
- Heather Locklear[49]
- Madonna[50]
- Michael Jackson[51][52]
- Richard Gere[24]
- Harrison Ford[8]
- Mel Gibson[53]
- Michael Hutchence[24]
- Jon Bon Jovi
- Christopher Reeve[8]
- Alan Rickman[54]
- Mickey Rourke[55]
- Brooke Shields[24]
- Sharon Stone[56]
- Patrick Swayze[8]
- Heather Thomas[57]
- Shannon Tweed
- Morrissey[58]
Anys 1990
[modifica]- Gillian Anderson[59]
- Brad Pitt[60]
- Pamela Anderson[61]
- Halle Berry[62]
- George Clooney[28]
- Cindy Crawford[63]
- Johnny Depp[28]
- Cameron Diaz[24]
- Leonardo DiCaprio[64]
- Colin Firth[24]
- Elizabeth Hurley[65]
- Janet Jackson[66]
- Valeria Mazza
- Jenny McCarthy[67]
- Demi Moore
- Antonio Sabato Jr.[68]
- Tupac Shakur[69]
- Uma Thurman[24]
Anys 2000
[modifica]- Elisha Cuthbert[70]
- Leonor Varela
- Britney Spears[71][72][73]
- Kylie Minogue[74]
- Justin Timberlake[24]
- Adam Levine[75]
- Jennifer Lopez[76]
- Beyoncé Knowles[77]
- Aaliyah[78]
- Christian Bale[79]
- Pampita
- Monica Bellucci[80]
- David Beckham[24]
- Cheryl Cole[81]
- Angelina Jolie[82]
- Catherine Zeta-Jones[83]
- Hugh Laurie[84]
- Eva Longoria[85]
- Robert Pattinson[86]
- Aishwarya Rai[24]
- Sofía Vergara[87]
- Teri Hatcher[88][89]
- Eva Mendes[90][91]
- Luciana Salazar
- Christina Aguilera[92][93][94]
Anys 2010
[modifica]- Megan Fox[95]
- Taylor Lautner[96]
- Tom Hardy[97]
- Dita Von Teese[98]
- January Jones[99]
- Katy Perry[100]
- Rihanna[101]
- Scarlett Johansson[102]
- Tim Tebow[103]
- Jessica Alba[104]
- Ryan Reynolds[105]
- Mila Kunis[106]
- Amber Heard[107]
- Christina Hendricks[108]
- Daniella Chávez
- Joe Manganiello[109]
- Ryan Gosling[110]
- Jennifer Lawrence[111]
- María Sol Pérez
Referències
[modifica]- ↑ Jules-Rosette, Bennetta. Josephine Baker in art and life: the icon and the image. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2007, p. 54. ISBN 0-252-03157-1.
- ↑ Theda Bara Sex Symbol:That Silent Film Vamp Drove Men Mad, 1917.
- ↑ Eyman, Scott. "Briefly a Movie Actress— Still a Potent Sex Symbol" New York Observer (December 18, 2006)
- ↑ «1920s Sex Symbol Clara Bow». spaciousplanet.com, 05-11-2008. [Consulta: 18 març 2011].
- ↑ Obituary Variety, November 6, 1968, page 71.
- ↑ Fields, Armond. Lillian Russell: A Biography of America's Beauty. McFarland, 2008, p. 215. ISBN 978-0-7864-3868-6.
- ↑ «Rudolph Valentino: Style Icon». askmen.com, 22-10-2009. [Consulta: 1r abril 2011].
- ↑ 8,00 8,01 8,02 8,03 8,04 8,05 8,06 8,07 8,08 8,09 8,10 8,11 8,12 " Arxivat 2014-10-28 a Wayback Machine. xianet.net (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ Caterson, Simon. «Errol Flynn, man in tights». onlineopinion.com, 10-06-2009. [Consulta: 5 abril 2011].
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Gribben, Mark. "Lana Turner and Johnny Stompanato - Hollywood Homicide" TruTv website
- ↑ Shimizu, Celine Parreñas. The hypersexuality of race: performing Asian/American women on screen and scene Duke University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-8223-4033-X p.90
- ↑ «A Tribute to Rita Hayworth». Classic movies, 2008. Arxivat de l'original el 2012-04-01. [Consulta: 2008].
- ↑ Robert E. Johnson (1981-07-23). «Lena Horne Burns Broadway With Hot Songs and Biting Rap». Jet 60 (19) (Johnson Publishing Company): 54–60. ISSN 0021-5996.
- ↑ Porter, Darwin. Howard Hughes: Hell's Angel. Blood Moon Productions Ltd., 2005, p. 639. ISBN 0-9748118-1-5.
- ↑ «1940s sex symbol Jane Russell dies at 89». today.msnbc.msn.com, 03-02-2011. Arxivat de l'original el 27 de setembre 2012. [Consulta: 30 maig 2011].
- ↑ «The 100 Sexiest Movie Stars of All Time – 71. Gene Tierney». premiere.com. Arxivat de l'original el 6 d’abril 2009. [Consulta: 7 octubre 2010].
- ↑ Linda Williams (2008), Screening sex, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-4285-5, p.114.
- ↑ " LA Times (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ 19,0 19,1 19,2 «Top 10 Sex Symbols of the 50s & 60s». [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ Landazuri, Margarita. "How to Marry a Millionaire" Arxivat 2016-01-25 a Wayback Machine. on TCM.com
- ↑ " Britannica (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ "Amazing Grace: Why we'll always adore the divine Grace Kelly" The Independent (March 23, 2010)
- ↑ Gina Lollobrigida Biography, 2007.
- ↑ 24,00 24,01 24,02 24,03 24,04 24,05 24,06 24,07 24,08 24,09 24,10 24,11 24,12 24,13 24,14 " Arxivat 2013-05-19 a Wayback Machine. Channel4.com (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ " Arxivat 2014-10-16 a Wayback Machine. Entertainment Weekly (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ Mallory, Peter. "Remembering Elizabeth Taylor, America's sweetheart and sex symbol for the older generation" Arxivat 2016-03-03 a Wayback Machine. NSBNEws.net (March 23, 2011)
- ↑ King, Susan. "Mamie Van Doren is all dressed up" Los Angeles Times (January 1, 2011)
- ↑ 28,0 28,1 28,2 28,3 «Legendary Icons - Male Sex Symbols Through The Years», (c)2011. Arxivat de l'original el 2011-03-18. [Consulta: 21 desembre 2011].
- ↑ [1] Arxivat 2016-03-09 a Wayback Machine. in.lifestyle.yahoo.com (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ Biond, Chris. «Fonda memories and the changing face of the sex symbol». [Consulta: 3 març 2010].
- ↑ Davey, Steven. Toronto Star (November 25, 1977)
- ↑ «BBC News – Sir Tom Jones on being a sex symbol». bbc.co.uk, 27-09-2010 [Consulta: 30 maig 2011].
- ↑ Smithson, Robert. "Eartha Kitt, Exotic Songstress and Actress, Dies at 81" Playbill.com (December 25, 2008)
- ↑ Scott, Vernon. "Ann-Margret: Sex Symbol Who Stayed"[Enllaç no actiu] Palm Beach Post (May 2, 1980)
- ↑ «Isabel Sarli - Film Society of Lincoln Center», 2010. [Consulta: 17 desembre 2012].
- ↑ «Raquel Welch». Cult Sirens, 2009-06. [Consulta: 2009-09].
- ↑ «"Me autoabastezco todo el tiempo"» (en castellà). El País (Uruguay). Arxivat de l'original el 2011-08-26. [Consulta: 17 desembre 2012].
- ↑ «Catherine Bach News and Trivias at CelebrityWonder.com». Celebritywonder.ugo.com. Arxivat de l'original el 2012-07-08. [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ "Jacqueline Bisset" Arxivat 2014-04-22 a Wayback Machine. Los Angeles Times (ndg)
- ↑ «Moría Casán también apuntó contra los Kirchner: “Para mí esto es una dictadura real”.» (en castellà). Diario Política, 16-11-2009. Arxivat de l'original el 2014-02-02. [Consulta: 17 desembre 2012].
- ↑ Bennetts, Leslie. «Farrah Fawcett: America's Angel». Vanity Fair, 03-08-2009. [Consulta: 3 agost 2009].
- ↑ «Pam Grier». Cult Sirens, 2003-06. [Consulta: 2010-09].
- ↑ Janowitz, Tama «Sex as a Weapon». Spin, 3, abril 1987, pàg. 57. «I'm a sex symbol in Italy.»
- ↑ «THE EVOLUTION OF SEX SYMBOLS». Arxivat de l'original el 2014-07-26. [Consulta: 28 juliol 2012].
- ↑ Grimes, William. «‘Last Tango in Paris' Star Maria Schneider Dies». NY Times, 03-02-2011. [Consulta: 2 abril 2012].
- ↑ «Tom Cruise». Askmen.com. Arxivat de l'original el 15 de febrer 2012. [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ «Bo Derek perfect 10: 80s sex symbol looks stunning at fashion party in Cologne». dailymail.co.uk [Londres], 04-02-2011 [Consulta: 30 maig 2011].
- ↑ «Cher Quotes: Top 10 Quotes by Cher». Arxivat de l'original el 2014-07-29. [Consulta: 19 juliol 2013].
- ↑ «No. 7 Heather Locklear». [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].[Enllaç no actiu]
- ↑ Janowitz, Tama «Sex as a Weapon». Spin, 3, abril 1987, pàg. 57. «I couldn't be a success without also being a sex symbol.»
- ↑ Stillwater, Willa. M Poetica: Michael Jackson's Art of Connection and Defiance, 2011, p. 367. «...Jackson as an international sex symbol...»
- ↑ Michael Jackson. «Michael Jackson: the lovers». Telegraph. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ Green, Michelle. «The Dish from Down Under: Mel Gibson's Sizzling Screen Presence Hides a Shy Family Man on the Run from His Own Sexcess». People Magazine, 04-02-1985. [Consulta: 10 febrer 1985].
- ↑ «Alan Rickman». Allmovie.com. [Consulta: 11 juliol 2012].
- ↑ VinCy Thomas. «Ecran Noir – Mickey Rourke». Ecrannoir.fr. Arxivat de l'original el 2018-11-07. [Consulta: 5 juliol 2009].
- ↑ «While the wife's away... As Katy Perry is hard at work, her husband Russell Brand enlists supermodel Cindy Crawford and sex symbol Sharon Stone to keep him company». Daily Mail, 23-09-2011. [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ Serena Kappes «Former TV sex symbol Heather Thomas is a screenwriter, activist, mom». CNN, 28-01-2003 [Consulta: 26 setembre 2009].
- ↑ John Dingwall. «Exclusive: No Place Like Rome». Daily Record, 24-03-2006. [Consulta: 17 abril 2013].
- ↑ " Top 7: '90s Sex Symbols (February 6, 2012)
- ↑ " Arxivat 2012-09-01 a Wayback Machine. Ask men (August 26,2012)
- ↑ «Pamela Anderson». msnbc.com, (c)2003. Arxivat de l'original el 2020-07-21. [Consulta: 9 desembre 2010].
- ↑ Access Hollywood. «TV One Access: The Most Legendary Sex Symbols Of All Time!», 14-05-2010. Arxivat de l'original el 2012-01-26. [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ «The 5: Sex Symbols Who Captivated a Decade», (c)2011. Arxivat de l'original el 2013-12-11. [Consulta: 6 febrer 2011].
- ↑ «Leonardo DiCaprio». msnbc.com, (c)2003. Arxivat de l'original el 2020-07-21. [Consulta: 9 desembre 2010].
- ↑ " People Magazine (April 2, 2012)
- ↑ Murray, Sonia «Janet: The Queen of Pop: Michael could lose his crown to his hot little sister». The Vancouver Sun, 03-02-1994, p. C1. ISSN: 0832-1299. «"Jackson, 27, remains clearly established as both role model and sex symbol"»
- ↑ «No.3 Jenny McCarthy». [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Antonio, Party of One». marcusschenkenberg.eu.com, (c)2010. [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ «Tupac Shakur». Vibe Ventures, (c)1997 [Consulta: 6 febrer 2012].
- ↑ http://www.askmen.com/celebs/women/actress_200/231_elisha_cuthbert.html Arxivat 2016-04-28 a Wayback Machine.
- ↑ «Britney Spears | Spears Baffled By Sex Symbol Status». Contactmusic, 11-01-2010. [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ «X Factor USA's Britney Spears Shocked Over 'Sex Symbol' Status». Entertainmentwise, 20-09-2012. Arxivat de l'original el 2014-09-22. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ metrowebukmetro. «Britney Spears admits she's shocked her sex symbol status is still intact | Metro News». Metro.co.uk, 19-09-2012. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ "The singer on being a sex symbol, the power of smiling (...)" - Daily Mail, 2011
- ↑ prcrossing.com. «What's love got to do with it? | Career Feature». Prcrossing.com. [Consulta: 17 abril 2013].
- ↑ Galkin, Alexandra «Jennifer Lopez's 'On the Floor' music video premieres on 'American Idol' - New York Daily News». Articles.nydailynews.com, 04-03-2011 [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ «The Most Legendary Sex Symbols Of All Time!». accesshollywood.com, 2010. [Consulta: 2010].
- ↑ «Sultry Singer Aaliyah | Jet». Find Articles, 23-07-2001 [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ «Christian Bale sick of sex symbol status». Thaiindian.com, 2009. [Consulta: 2009].
- ↑ Romanian Times. «Italian Sex Symbol Monica Bellucci to star in movie in Bucharest», 13-11-2009. [Consulta: 20 octubre 2010].
- ↑ «Evening Express – Article – Cheryl Cole not comfortable with ‘sex symbol' label». eveningexpress.co.uk. Arxivat de l'original el 23 de juny 2013. [Consulta: 14 juliol 2011].
- ↑ «Jolie named 'sexiest person ever'». BBC [Londres], 24-02-2007 [Consulta: 24 febrer 2007].
- ↑ «That's better! Catherine Zeta-Jones puts fashion faux pas behind her with 'Park Avenue princess' style». Daily Mail [Londres], 24-11-2009 [Consulta: 2 abril 2012].
- ↑ Donnelly, Gabrielle «Is Hugh Laurie the new George Clooney? The House actor on how he's set pulses racing as TV's moodiest medic». DailyMail [Londres], 09-08-2008 [Consulta: 7 febrer 2012].
- ↑ "Tony Parker 'Over' Eva Longoria's Sex Symbol Status http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,510723,00.html#ixzz1leu3a4gM" Fox news (March 26, 2009)
- ↑ 17 abril 2012 AT 10:45AM. «Robert Pattinson "Really Insecure" About His Shirtless Body». UsMagazine.com, 17-04-2012. [Consulta: 17 abril 2013].
- ↑ McKay, Hollie «Star Sofia Vergara 'Loves' Her Sex Symbol Status». Fox News, 20-07-2011 [Consulta: 20 juliol 2011].
- ↑ «Teri Hatcher: 'I'll Always be a Sex Symbol'», 11-06-2009. Arxivat de l'original el 4 de novembre 2013. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Teri Hatcher: Biography». [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Eva Mendes uses her sex-symbol status to secure film roles», 12-11-2009. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Eva Mendes 'loves' sex symbol status», 04-10-2008. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ Powers, Ann «Props mistress». Los Angeles Times, 07-03-2007 [Consulta: 28 maig 2013]. «"More than any other mainstream pop artist of her generation, Aguilera cares about her cultural progenitors, not only music genres such as blues and soul, but also visual motifs. It's one successful trick she's picked up from Madonna: Instead of merely trading in moves now recognized as hot or cute, she presents her own performance as a sex symbol within hallowed traditions of female spectacle."»
- ↑ «19. Christina Aguilera», 05-03-2013. Arxivat de l'original el 2015-07-21. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Christina Aguilera's Dirrty Voted Sexiest Music Video Of All Time», 18-02-2009. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ Chris Lee «Megan Fox: Hollywood's outrageous it girl – Los Angeles Times». articles.latimes.com, 23-09-2009 [Consulta: 1r juny 2011]. «a sex symbol of the highest order»
- ↑ Michael Y. Park. «Kristen Stewart: Taylor Lautner Grew Up During New Moon». people.com, 11-08-2009. Arxivat de l'original el 8 de gener 2011. [Consulta: 5 maig 2013]. «even more astounding was the way the 17-year-old went from skinny teen to hunky sex symbol for his role.»
- ↑ Mc Cormack, Kirsty «What's with the beards! Tom Hardy and Jake Gyllenhaal shun their sex symbol status as they sport scruffy-looking facial hair». Daily Mail, 02-04-2012.
- ↑ «Dita Von Teese bi-sex symbol». Femalefirst.co.uk, 29-06-2006. [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ Amelia Proud «Mad Men star January Jones is sex symbol no more in dowdy shoes». Daily Mail Online. Dailymail.co.uk [Londres], 27-04-2012 [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ «Katy Perry». AskMen. Arxivat de l'original el 2013-06-02. [Consulta: 20 juny 2013].
- ↑ «Rihanna "Uncomfortable" Being A Sex Symbol | Rihanna | News | MTV UK». Mtv.co.uk, 21-03-2011. Arxivat de l'original el 2013-11-07. [Consulta: 17 abril 2013].
- ↑ «Scarlett Johansson - Ask Men». AskMen.com. [Consulta: 20 maig 2012].
- ↑ «Shirtless Tebow is Jockey sex symbol». usatoday.com, 11-01-2012 [Consulta: 18 maig 2012].
- ↑ «Jessica Alba on Motherhood, Turning 30, and Her Sex Symbol Status». Parade.com, 21-01-2012. [Consulta: 17 abril 2013].
- ↑ https://www.digitalspy.com/celebrity/news/a160721/reynolds-being-a-sex-symbol-is-embarrassing.html
- ↑ «Mila Kunis refuses to buy into sex symbol status». hollywood.com, 14-06-2012. Arxivat de l'original el 2013-01-25. [Consulta: 22 juny 2012].
- ↑ «Amber Heard, sex symbol et femme fatale confirmée». Arxivat de l'original el 1 de novembre 2013. [Consulta: 16 agost 2012].
- ↑ «Christina Hendricks Loves Being a Sex Symbol». Arxivat de l'original el 5 de novembre 2013. [Consulta: 23 setembre 2012].
- ↑ «Joe Manganiello on Being a Sex Symbol: It's Pretty Flattering». [Consulta: 23 setembre 2012].
- ↑ Alison De Souza. «Ryan Gosling, a reluctant sex symbol?», 11-01-2013. Arxivat de l'original el 3 de març 2016. [Consulta: 5 maig 2013].
- ↑ Amy Duncan. «Jennifer Lawrence: Being a sex symbol makes me feel queasy», 07-03-2013. [Consulta: 12 maig 2013].