Who? Who? ministry

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Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby led the "Who? Who?" ministry, a short-lived British Conservative government which was in power for a matter of months in 1852. Lord Derby was Prime Minister and Benjamin Disraeli served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. It marked the first time the protectionist wing of the Conservative Party had taken office since the Corn Laws schism of 1846. It is also called the First Derby–Disraeli ministry.[1]

Lord Derby

Early in 1852 Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, by then very deaf, gave Derby's first government its nickname by shouting "Who? Who?" as the list of inexperienced cabinet ministers was read out in the House of Lords.[2][3]

History

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Former Prime Minister Wellington (pictured in 1844) gave the ministry its name in shouting "Who? Who?" as each new cabinet member was announced in the House of Lords. He died two months before the ministry collapsed.

After the fall of Lord John Russell's Whig government in early 1852, the Conservative leader Lord Derby formed a government. The Conservatives had been weakened by the defection of the Peelites, and many of the new Cabinet ministers were men of little experience. The government became known as the "Who? Who?" Ministry after Wellington's comments, due to the lack of prominence of its ministers. The government was in a significant minority, and lasted less than a year, collapsing in December. The Whigs and Peelites then formed a coalition government under the Peelite leader Lord Aberdeen.

Though the government had little impact, it attracted derision through its plethora of new political names, which demonstrated the relative inexperience of the party. Only four members of the Cabinet (Derby himself, St Leonards, Lonsdale, and Herries) were existing Privy Councillors and many others were complete political unknowns.

Cabinet

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Office Minister Tenure
First Lord of the Treasury
Leader of the House of Lords
Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby February–December 1852
Lord Chancellor Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, Lord St Leonards February–December 1852
Lord President of the Council William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale February–December 1852
Lord Privy Seal James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury February–December 1852
Home Secretary Spencer H. Walpole February–December 1852
Foreign Secretary James Howard Harris, Earl of Malmesbury February–December 1852
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies Sir John Pakington, Bt February–December 1852
First Lord of the Admiralty Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland February–December 1852
President of the Board of Control J.C. Herries February–December 1852
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Leader of the House of Commons
Benjamin Disraeli February–December 1852
President of the Board of Trade J. W. Henley February–December 1852
First Commissioner of Works Lord John Manners February–December 1852
Postmaster-General Charles Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke February–December 1852

List of ministers

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Cabinet members are listed in bold face.

Office Minister Tenure Notes
Prime Minister,
First Lord of the Treasury
and Leader of the House of Lords
Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby 23 February 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Chancellor of the Exchequer
and Leader of the House of Commons
Benjamin Disraeli 27 February 1852  
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury William Forbes Mackenzie 2 March 1852  
Financial Secretary to the Treasury George Alexander Hamilton 2 March 1852  
Junior Lords of the Treasury Richard Temple-Grenville, Marquess of Chandos 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Lord Henry Lennox 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Thomas Bateson 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Lord Chancellor Edward Sugden, Lord St Leonards 27 February 1852  
Lord President of the Council William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale 27 February 1852  
Lord Privy Seal James Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury 27 February 1852  
Secretary of State for the Home Department Spencer Horatio Walpole 27 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department William Joliffe, Bt 27 February 1852  
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs James Harris, Earl of Malmesbury 27 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Lord Edward Stanley 18 May 1852  
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies John Pakington, Bt 17 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies John Cuffe, Earl of Desart 2 March 1852  
First Lord of the Admiralty Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland 28 February 1852  
First Secretary of the Admiralty Augustus Stafford 3 March 1852  
Civil Lord of the Admiralty Arthur Duncombe 28 February 1852  
President of the Board of Control J. C. Herries 28 February 1852  
Joint Secretaries to the Board of Control Henry Baillie 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Charles Bruce 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Postmaster-General Charles Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke 1 March 1852  
President of the Board of Trade J. W. Henley 17 February 1852  
Vice-President of the Board of Trade Charles Edward Abbot, Lord Colchester 27 February 1852  
First Commissioner of Works Lord John Manners 4 March 1852  
Chief Secretary for Ireland Richard Bourke, Lord Naas 1 March 1852  
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Archibald Montgomerie, Earl of Eglinton 1 March 1852  
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Robert Adam Christopher 1 March 1852  
Master-General of the Ordnance Henry Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge 1 March 1852  
Lord Fitzroy Somerset 30 September 1852 created Lord Raglan 20 October 1852
Surveyor-General of the Ordnance George Berkeley 18 June 1852  
Clerk of the Ordnance Francis Plunkett Dunne 5 March 1852  
Storekeeper of the Ordnance Thomas Hastings 25 July 1845 continued in office
Paymaster General Fitzroy Somerset, Lord Colchester 28 February 1852  
President of the Poor Law Board John Trollope, Bt 1 March 1852  
Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board Frederick Knight 3 March 1852  
Secretary at War William Beresford 28 February 1852  
Attorney General Frederic Thesiger 27 February 1852  
Solicitor General Fitzroy Kelly 27 February 1852  
Judge Advocate General George Bankes 28 February 1852  
Lord Advocate Adam Anderson 28 February 1852  
John Inglis 19 May 1852
Solicitor General for Scotland John Inglis 28 February 1852  
Charles Neaves 24 May 1852
Attorney General for Ireland Joseph Napier February 1852  
Solicitor General for Ireland James Whiteside February 1852  
Lord Steward of the Household James Graham, Duke of Montrose 27 February 1852  
Lord Chamberlain of the Household Brownlow Cecil, Marquess of Exeter 27 February 1852  
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household Orlando Bridgeman, Viscount Newport 5 March 1852  
Master of the Horse George Child-Villiers, Earl of Jersey 1 March 1852  
Treasurer of the Household Lord Claud Hamilton 27 February 1852  
Comptroller of the Household George Weld-Forester 27 February 1852  
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich 27 February 1852  
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard Lord William FitzGerald-de Ros 27 February 1852  
Master of the Buckhounds James St Clair-Erskine, Earl of Rosslyn 28 February 1852  
Chief Equerry and Clerk Marshal Lord Charles Colville of Culross 28 February 1852  
Mistress of the Robes Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl 16 March 1852  
Lords in Waiting George Douglas, Earl of Morton 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852  
James Grimston, Earl of Verulam 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Cornwallis Maude, Viscount Hawarden 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
George Monckton-Arundell, Viscount Galway 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Edward Crofton, Lord Crofton 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Hepburne-Scott, Lord Polwarth 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, Earl Talbot 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

References

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  1. ^ Tout, T. F. (1910). An advanced history of Great Britain from the earliest times to the death of Edward VII. New York: Longmans, Green. pp. 740-741. OL 13991885M.
  2. ^ Bloy, Marjorie (2011). "Biography-Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869)". A Web of English History. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
  3. ^ "A Web of English History". Retrieved 4 June 2011.

Bibliography

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  • C. Cook and B. Keith, British Historical Facts 1830–1900
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Preceded by Government of the United Kingdom
1852
Succeeded by