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===Telling China about Europe===
The Jesuits introduced to China Western science and mathematics which was undergoing its own revolution. "Jesuits were accepted in late Ming court circles as foreign literati, regarded as impressive especially for their knowledge of astronomy, calendar-making, mathematics, hydraulics, and geography."<ref>Patricia Buckley Ebrey, p 212</ref> In 1627, the Jesuit [[Johann Schreck]] produced the first book to present Western mechanical knowledge to a Chinese audience, ''[[Diagrams and explanations of the wonderful machines of the Far West]]''.<ref>[http://ricci.rt.usfca.edu/bibliography/view.aspx?bibliographyID=1839 Ricci roundtable]</ref> This influence worked in both directions:
{{quote|[The Jesuits] made efforts to translate western mathematical and astronomical works into Chinese and aroused the interest of Chinese scholars in these sciences. They made very extensive astronomical observation and carried out the first modern cartographic work in China. They also learned to appreciate the scientific achievements of this ancient culture and made them known in Europe. Through their correspondence European scientists first learned about the Chinese science and culture.<ref name="Udias">Agustín Udías, p 53; quoted by Woods</ref>}}
[[Sabatino de Ursis]] (1575–1620) worked with [[Matteo Ricci]] on the Chinese translation of [[Euclid]]'s ''[[Euclid's Elements|Elements]]'', published books in Chinese on Western hydraulics, and by predicting an eclipse which Chinese astronomers had not anticipated, opened the door to the reworking of the [[Chinese calendar]] using Western calculation techniques.
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