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ANMs works at health sub-centres. The sub-centre is a small village-level institution that provides primary health care to the community. The sub-centre works under the [[Primary Health Centre (India)|Primary Health Centre]] (PHC). Each PHC usually has around six such sub-centres. Before the launch of the NRHM in 2005, there was provision of one ANM per sub-centre. Later it was found that one ANM was not adequate to fulfill the health care requirements of a village. In 2005 NRHM made provision of two ANMs (one permanent and one contractual) for each sub-centre. The ANM is usually selected from the local village to increase accountability.
As per the Rural Health Statistics Bulletin of 2010, there were 147,069 sub-centres functioning in India, which were increased to 152,326 in March 2014. As per recent norms, there should be one sub-centre for population of 5,000 while in tribal and hilly area population allotted for each sub-centre is 3,000.<ref name="tnaionline1"/><ref name=nrhm>{{cite web|title=RURAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN INDIA |url=https://nrhm-mis.nic.in/RURAL%20HEALTH%20STATISTICS/(A)%20RHS%20-%202014/Rural%20Health%20Care%20System%20in%20India.pdf |publisher=[[National Rural Health Mission]] |accessdate=7 January 2016 |format=PDF }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=ce>{{cite web|title=Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) Guidelines for Sub-Centres|url=http://clinicalestablishments.nic.in/WriteReadData/875.pdf|publisher=[[Government of India]]|accessdate=7 January 2016|format=PDF}}</ref><ref name=IITK>{{cite web|title=HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE IN RURAL INDIA|url=http://www.iitk.ac.in/3inetwork/html/reports/IIR2007/11-Health.pdf|publisher=[[IIT, Kanpur]]|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref>
Under NRHM, each sub-centre gets an untied fund of [[Indian Rupees|Rs]] 10,000 for expenditure. The ANM has a joint bank account with the [[Sarpanch]] (head) of the village to get such funds. ANMs use untied fund for buying items needed for sub-centre, such as blood pressure equipment, weighing machine, scales and for cleaning. The rate of deliveries at the sub-centre level has been increased since the grant of untied funds via NRHM.<ref name="tnaionline1"/>
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