孝
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Translingual
editHan character
edit孝 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十大弓木 (JKND), four-corner 44407, composition ⿱耂子)
Derived characters
edit- 侾, 哮, 𡌉, 𫰪, 𡷸, 𭜸, 𢭦, 涍, 㹲, 㫴, 㭳, 𤉗, 𤥝, 𤽴, 𥆔, 硣, 𰳽, 𥺄, 誟, 𧱐, 踍, 酵, 﨧, 𡦝, 𰍝, 𩩉, 𩷨, 𪊷, 𡦱, 𡦵
- 𨛨, 教, 𪵋, 𡦊, 𩳔, 𱈩, 𰌲, 𡦳, 𡦲, 𠭂, 宯, 䓔, 窙, 庨, 痚, 𨴹(𫔲), 𩱞
Related characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6952
- Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1011, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5B5D
Chinese
edittrad. | 孝 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 孝 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 孝 |
---|
Western Zhou |
Bronze inscriptions |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): háu / há
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5hau; 5shiau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siào
- Wade–Giles: hsiao4
- Yale: syàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
- Palladius: сяо (sjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: haau3
- Yale: haau
- Cantonese Pinyin: haau3
- Guangdong Romanization: hao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /haːu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hau1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hau³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hau
- Hakka Romanization System: hau
- Hagfa Pinyim: hau4
- Sinological IPA: /hau̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: háu / há
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɑu²¹³/, /hɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- háu - literary;
- há - vernacular.
Note:
- hàu - literary;
- hà - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hao3 / ha3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hàu / hà
- Sinological IPA (key): /hau²¹³/, /ha²¹³/
Note:
- hao3 - literary;
- ha3 - vernacular.
Note:
- 2hau - vernacular;
- 2xiau - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 孝 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɑu⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /ɕiau⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕiɑu⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiɔ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiɔ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕiau³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕiau⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /ɕiɔ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕiɔ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiɔ¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕiɔ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕiau³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕiau¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕiao²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiɔ²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕiɔo⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiɔ⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiau⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /ɕiɔ³⁵/ /xɔ³⁵/ ~帽子 | |
Hohhot | /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /hɔ³⁵/ /ɕiɔ³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /ɕiæ⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɕiɔ⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /huɔ⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕiɔ³²⁴/ /xɔ³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /xo¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ɕiau⁵⁵/ /xau⁵⁵/ ~帽子 |
Xiangtan | /ɕiaɯ⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /hɑu²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /hau⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /hɑu⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hau³³/ |
Nanning | /hau³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /hau³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hau²¹/ /ha²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hɑu²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xau³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hau²¹³/ /ha²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiau³⁵/ /ha³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: xaewH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤ<r>uʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qʰruːs/
Definitions
edit孝
- to do one's filial duty; to show filial piety
- 宗族稱孝焉,鄉黨稱弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zōngzú chēng xiào yān, xiāngdǎng chēng tì yān. [Pinyin]
- He whom the circle of his relatives pronounce to be filial, whom his fellow villagers and neighbors pronounce to be fraternal.
宗族称孝焉,乡党称弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- filial piety; filial duty
- mourning
- mourning dress
- (Southern Min) to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)
- (Mainland China Hokkien) custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat
- a surname
Synonyms
edit- (to do one's filial duty):
- (filial piety):
Compounds
edit- 不孝 (bùxiào)
- 不孝子
- 事親至孝/事亲至孝
- 二十四孝 (Èrshísì Xiào)
- 仁孝
- 做孝
- 克敦孝行
- 大逆不孝
- 子孝孫賢/子孝孙贤
- 孝事
- 孝先便腹
- 孝南 (Xiàonán)
- 孝友
- 孝呆 (hàu-tai) (Min Nan)
- 孝堂
- 孝女 (xiàonǚ)
- 孝子 (xiàozǐ)
- 孝子慈孫/孝子慈孙
- 孝子賢孫/孝子贤孙 (xiàozǐxiánsūn)
- 孝家
- 孝布
- 孝幔
- 孝廉 (xiàolián)
- 孝廉方正
- 孝弟
- 孝弟力田
- 孝心 (xiàoxīn)
- 孝思
- 孝悌 (xiàotì)
- 孝感 (xiàogǎn)
- 孝慈
- 孝敬 (xiàojìng)
- 孝昌 (Xiàochāng)
- 孝服 (xiàofú)
- 孝滿/孝满
- 孝男 (xiàonán)
- 孝白
- 孝經/孝经 (Xiàojīng)
- 孝經序/孝经序
- 孝行
- 孝行可嘉
- 孝衣
- 孝袍
- 孝親/孝亲
- 孝道 (xiàodào)
- 孝陵
- 孝順/孝顺 (xiàoshùn)
- 孝養/孝养 (xiàoyàng)
- 孝鳥/孝鸟
- 守孝 (shǒuxiào)
- 帶孝/带孝 (dàixiào)
- 弔孝/吊孝 (diàoxiào)
- 忠孝 (zhōngxiào)
- 忠孝兩全/忠孝两全 (zhōngxiàoliǎngquán)
- 忠孝節烈/忠孝节烈
- 忠孝節義/忠孝节义
- 忠孝賢良/忠孝贤良
- 忠孝雙全/忠孝双全
- 忠臣孝子
- 忤逆不孝 (wǔnì bùxiào)
- 愚孝 (yúxiào)
- 慈孫孝子/慈孙孝子
- 戴孝 (dàixiào)
- 披麻帶孝/披麻带孝 (pīmádàixiào)
- 挂孝 (guàxiào)
- 掛孝/挂孝 (guàxiào)
- 教孝月
- 暖孝
- 有孝 (yǒuxiào)
- 服孝
- 母慈子孝
- 滿孝/满孝
- 火山孝子 (huǒshān xiàozǐ)
- 熱孝/热孝
- 父嚴子孝/父严子孝
- 父慈子孝 (fùcízǐxiào)
- 盡孝/尽孝 (jìnxiào)
- 秦孝公
- 移孝作忠
- 移孝為忠/移孝为忠
- 穿孝 (chuānxiào)
- 穿麻掛孝/穿麻挂孝
- 節孝/节孝 (jiéxiào)
- 純孝/纯孝
- 脫孝/脱孝
- 至孝 (zhìxiào)
- 舉孝廉/举孝廉 (jǔ xiàolián)
- 行孝
- 謝孝/谢孝
- 賢孝/贤孝 (xiánxiào)
- 達孝/达孝
- 重孝
- 除孝
- 魏孝文帝
Japanese
editKanji
edit孝
Readings
edit- Go-on: きょう (kyō)←けう (keu, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Nanori: たか (taka); たかし (takashi); のり (nori); よし (yoshi)
Compounds
edit- 孝敬 (kōkei, “filial piety”)
- 孝行 (kōkō, “filial piety”)
- 孝心 (kōshin, “filial devotion”)
- 不孝 (fukō, “unfilial”)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
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孝 |
こう Grade: 6 |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 孝 (MC xaewH).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
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孝 |
たかし Grade: 6 |
nanori |
Pronunciation
editProper noun
edit- a male given name
References
editKorean
editHanja
edit- hanja form? of 효 (“filial piety”)
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit孝: Hán Việt readings: hiếu[1][2][3]
孝: Nôm readings: hiếu[1][2], héo[1], hếu[3]
- chữ Hán form of hiếu (“filial piety”).
References
editCategories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading けう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading かう
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たか
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たかし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading のり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading よし
- Japanese terms spelled with 孝 read as こう
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