惡意

See also: 恶意

Chinese

		evil; to hate; to loathe evil; to hate; to loathe; nauseated	idea; meaning; wish idea; meaning; wish; desire; Italy (abbrev.)
trad. (惡意)		惡	意
simp. (恶意)		恶	意

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): èyì

(Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ok³ ji³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ok-yi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ok-ì

(Teochew, Peng'im): ag⁴ i³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: èyì
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: èyì
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴-i⁴
  - Yale: è-yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehyih
  - Palladius: эи (ei)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    惡意／恶意
    遏抑
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ok³ ji³
  - Yale: ok yi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ok⁸ ji³
  - Guangdong Romanization: og³ yi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːk̚³ jiː³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ok-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: og` i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: og⁵ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ok̚² i⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ok-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: og` (r)i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: og⁵ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ok̚² (j)i⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ok-ì
  - Tâi-lô: ok-ì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ok'ix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ i⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁵ i²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ i¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ag⁴ i³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ak ì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ak̚²⁻⁴ i²¹³/

Middle Chinese: 'ak 'iH

Rime
Character	惡	意
Reading #	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	烏各切	於記切
Baxter	'ak	'iH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑk̚/	/ʔɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑk̚/	/ʔɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑk̚/	/ʔie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔak̚/	/ʔɨ^H/
Li Rong	/ʔɑk̚/	/ʔiə^H/
Wang Li	/ɑk̚/	/ĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑk̚/	/ʔi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	e	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ok³	ji³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤak ʔ(r)ək-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qaːɡ qɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	惡	意
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	è	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔak ›	‹ ʔi^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁak/	/*ʔ(r)ək-s/
English	bad, ugly	thought (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	惡	意
Reading #	3/3	1/1
No.	14220	15153
Phonetic component	亞	意
Rime group	鐸	代
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	惡	意
Old Chinese	/*qaːɡ/	/*qɯɡs/

Noun

惡意

malice; ill will
懷有惡意／怀有恶意 ― huáiyǒu èyì ― to harbor malice
- 莽侯妻疾，見其書，大怒，疑臨有惡意，不令得會喪。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  莽侯妻疾，见其书，大怒，疑临有恶意，不令得会丧。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Mǎng Hóu qī jí, jiàn qí shū, dànù, yí Lín yǒu èyì, bù lìng dé huìsāng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Antonyms

好心 (hǎoxīn)

Derived terms

惡意收購／恶意收购 (èyì shōugòu)
惡意軟件／恶意软件 (èyì ruǎnjiàn)
惡意軟體／恶意软体 (èyì ruǎntǐ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (惡意):

→ Japanese: 悪(あく)意(い) (akui)
→ Korean: 악의(惡意) (agui)
→ Vietnamese: ác ý (惡意)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
惡	意
あく Jinmeiyō	い Grade: 3
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 惡意 – see the following entry.

【悪意あくい】

[noun] malice

[noun] a bad meaning

(This term, 惡意, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
惡	意

Noun

惡意 • (agui) (hangeul 악의)

hanja form^? of 악의 (“malice”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
惡	意

Noun

惡意

chữ Hán form of ác ý (“malice”).

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