artificial
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English artificial (“man-made”) via Old French (modern French artificiel), from Latin artificiālis from artificium (“skill”), from artifex, from ars (“skill”), and -fex, from facere (“to make”). Displaced native Old English cræftlīċ.
Pronunciation
edit- enPR: ä(r)təfĭsh'əl, IPA(key): /ˌɑː(ɹ).təˈfɪʃ.əl/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): [ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl]
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɪʃəl
Adjective
editartificial (comparative more artificial, superlative most artificial)
- Man-made; made by humans; of artifice.
- The flowers were artificial, and he thought them rather tacky.
- 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist[1], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):
- An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine. But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.
- Insincere; fake, forced, or feigned.
- Her manner was somewhat artificial.
- Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc.
- 1990 February 19, Peter Burnham, The Political Economy of Postwar Reconstruction, Springer, →ISBN, page 73:
- This results in an artificial conflation of the individual crises experienced by Western European states and leads to imprecise judgements on the impact of Marshall. This confusing conflation is not simply the product of retrospection.
- 2002 May 9, Maxine Berg, Pat Hudson, Michael Sonenscher, Manufacture in Town and Country Before the Factory, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 35:
- [If] the economic literature of the eighteenth century is examined in terms other than the narrow categories of free trade and protection, the artificial division between the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries would break down .
- 2016 November 10, Gabriele Lakomski, Scott Eacott, Colin W. Evers, Questioning Leadership: New directions for educational organisations, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 156:
- In Alberta, for example, policy documents reinforce an artificial distinction between leadership-related activity and management.
- 2017 July 12, A. Javier Trevino, The Sociology of Law: Classical and Contemporary Perspectives, Routledge, →ISBN:
- The method of suppression is generally either an artificial conflation of public and private, in which the public is represented as private, or an artificial separation of public from private, which distracts attention from the public […]
- (bridge) Conveying some meaning other than the actual contents of one's hand.
- Synonym: conventional
- Antonym: natural
- 1999, Edwin B. Kantar, Eddie Kantar Teaches Advanced Bridge Defense, page 191:
- An artificial bid doesn't necessarily show length in the suit being bid, it has an altogether different meaning.
- 2008, David Galt, Teach Yourself Visually Bridge, page 219:
- North makes an artificial call of 3♧, the cheapest suit at the 3 level, to show a very poor hand. What North holds in clubs doesn't matter at all.
Synonyms
editAntonyms
edit- (antonym(s) of “unnatural”): natural
Derived terms
edit- artificial abortion
- artificial anus
- artificial art
- artificial bee colony
- artificial consciousness
- artificial dumbness
- artificial element
- artificial florist
- artificial general intelligence
- artificial grammar learning
- artificial horizon
- artificial ice
- artificial idiocy
- artificial immune system
- artificial incompetence
- artificial insemination
- artificial intelligence
- artificialism
- artificialist
- artificiality
- artificialization
- artificialize
- artificial kidney
- artificial language
- artificial life
- artificially
- artificialness
- artificial person
- artificial respiration
- artificial rice
- artificial scarcity
- artificial script
- artificial selection
- artificial stupidity
- artificial superintelligence
- artificial sweetener
- artificial tear
- artificial tear drop
- artificial turf
- artificial unintelligence
- artilect
- bioartificial
- inartificial
- nonartificial
- overartificial
- semiartificial
- unartificial
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- → Welsh: artiffisial
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also
editReferences
edit- “artificial”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- artificial in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- “artificial”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Aragonese
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editartificial (plural artificials)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- “artificial”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)
Asturian
editEtymology
editFrom Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editartificial (epicene, plural artificiales)
Related terms
editCatalan
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [ər.ti.fi.siˈal]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [aɾ.ti.fi.siˈal]
- Rhymes: -al
- Hyphenation: ar‧ti‧fi‧ci‧al
Adjective
editartificial m or f (masculine and feminine plural artificials)
- artificial
- Antonym: natural
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “artificial” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Galician
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
edit
- Rhymes: -al
- Hyphenation: ar‧ti‧fi‧cial
Adjective
editartificial m or f (plural artificiais)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “artificial”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Occitan
editEtymology
editFrom Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editartificial m (feminine singular artificiala, masculine plural artificials, feminine plural artificialas)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
edit- (Brazil) IPA(key): /aʁ.t͡ʃi.fi.siˈaw/ [ah.t͡ʃi.fi.sɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /aʁ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaw/ [ah.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaʊ̯]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /aɾ.t͡ʃi.fi.siˈaw/ [aɾ.t͡ʃi.fi.sɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /aɾ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaw/ [aɾ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaʊ̯]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /aʁ.t͡ʃi.fi.siˈaw/ [aχ.t͡ʃi.fi.sɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /aʁ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaw/ [aχ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaʊ̯]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /aɻ.t͡ʃi.fi.siˈaw/ [aɻ.t͡ʃi.fi.sɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /aɻ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaw/ [aɻ.t͡ʃi.fiˈsjaʊ̯]
Adjective
editartificial m or f (plural artificiais)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editRomanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French artificiel, from Latin artificialis. By surface analysis, artificiu + -al.
Adjective
editartificial m or n (feminine singular artificială, masculine plural artificiali, feminine and neuter plural artificiale)
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | artificial | artificială | artificiali | artificiale | ||
definite | artificialul | artificiala | artificialii | artificialele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | artificial | artificiale | artificiali | artificiale | ||
definite | artificialului | artificialei | artificialilor | artificialelor |
Related terms
editSpanish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin artificiālis.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): (Spain) /aɾtifiˈθjal/ [aɾ.t̪i.fiˈθjal]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /aɾtifiˈsjal/ [aɾ.t̪i.fiˈsjal]
- Rhymes: -al
- Syllabification: ar‧ti‧fi‧cial
Adjective
editartificial m or f (masculine and feminine plural artificiales)
- artificial
- Antonym: natural
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “artificial”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-
- English 4-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl
- Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/4 syllables
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- en:Bridge
- Aragonese terms borrowed from Latin
- Aragonese terms derived from Latin
- Aragonese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Aragonese/al
- Rhymes:Aragonese/al/4 syllables
- Aragonese lemmas
- Aragonese adjectives
- Asturian terms borrowed from Latin
- Asturian terms derived from Latin
- Asturian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Asturian/al
- Rhymes:Asturian/al/4 syllables
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian adjectives
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Catalan/al
- Rhymes:Catalan/al/5 syllables
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan adjectives
- Catalan epicene adjectives
- Galician terms borrowed from Latin
- Galician learned borrowings from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/al
- Rhymes:Galician/al/4 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician adjectives
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan terms with audio links
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan adjectives
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese learned borrowings from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 5-syllable words
- Portuguese 4-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Portuguese/al
- Rhymes:Portuguese/al/5 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aw
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/5 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms suffixed with -al
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian adjectives
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 4-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/al
- Rhymes:Spanish/al/4 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish adjectives
- Spanish epicene adjectives