tomar
Asturian
editVerb
edittomar (first-person singular indicative present tomo, past participle tomáu)
Conjugation
editinfinitive | tomar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | tomando | ||||||
past participle | m tomáu, f tomada, n tomao, m pl tomaos, f pl tomaes | ||||||
person | first singular yo |
second singular tu |
third singular él/elli |
first plural nosotros/nós |
second plural vosotros/vós |
third plural ellos | |
indicative | present | tomo | tomes | toma | tomamos | tomáis | tomen |
imperfect | tomaba | tomabes | tomaba | tomábemos, tomábamos | tomabeis, tomabais | tomaben | |
preterite | tomé | tomasti, tomesti | tomó | tomemos | tomastis, tomestis | tomaron | |
pluperfect | tomare, tomara | tomares, tomaras | tomare, tomara | tomáremos, tomáramos | tomareis, tomarais | tomaren, tomaran | |
future | tomaré | tomarás | tomará | tomaremos | tomaréis | tomarán | |
conditional | tomaría | tomaríes | tomaría | tomaríemos, tomaríamos | tomaríeis, tomaríais | tomaríen | |
subjunctive | present | tome | tomes, tomas | tome | tomemos | toméis | tomen, toman |
imperfect | tomare, tomara | tomares, tomaras | tomare, tomara | tomáremos, tomáramos | tomareis, tomarais | tomaren, tomaran | |
imperative | — | toma | — | — | tomái | — |
Bikol Central
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Spanish tomar (“to take”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittomár (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜋᜍ᜔)
- (rare, transitive) to take medicine
- Synonym: inom
- (rare, transitive) to swallow a pill
Derived terms
editCatalan
editEtymology
editFrom pomar, from Latin palma (“hand”), influenced by Spanish tomar.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomí, past participle tomat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/
- (transitive) to catch
Conjugation
editinfinitive | tomar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | tomant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | tomat | tomada | |||||
plural | tomats | tomades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | tomo | tomes | toma | tomem | tomeu | tomen | |
imperfect | tomava | tomaves | tomava | tomàvem | tomàveu | tomaven | |
future | tomaré | tomaràs | tomarà | tomarem | tomareu | tomaran | |
preterite | tomí | tomares | tomà | tomàrem | tomàreu | tomaren | |
conditional | tomaria | tomaries | tomaria | tomaríem | tomaríeu | tomarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | tomi | tomis | tomi | tomem | tomeu | tomin | |
imperfect | tomés | tomessis | tomés | toméssim | toméssiu | tomessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | toma | tomi | tomem | tomeu | tomin | |
negative (no) | — | no tomis | no tomi | no tomem | no tomeu | no tomin |
Further reading
edit- “tomar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “tomar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “tomar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cebuano
editVerb
edittomar
- Alternative spelling of tumar
Galician
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin; perhaps from Latin autumāre[1] or from Germanic.[2] Compare Portuguese and Spanish tomar.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)
- (transitive) to take
- Synonym: coller
- (transitive) to grab
- Synonym: agarrar
- (transitive) to seize, to capture
- Synonyms: conquistar, prender
- (transitive) to drink
- Synonym: beber
- (transitive) to take (food, a pill, etc)
- Synonym: comer
- (transitive) to sunbathe
- Synonym: asollar
- Ven acó tomar o sol.
- Come here to sunbathe.
- (intransitive) to accept, to receive [with por]
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | tomar | |||||
Personal | tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomaren |
Gerund | ||||||
tomando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | tomado | tomados | ||||
Feminine | tomada | tomadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | tomo | tomas | toma | tomamos | tomades | toman |
Imperfect | tomaba | tomabas | tomaba | tomabamos | tomabades | tomaban |
Preterite | tomei | tomaches | tomou | tomamos | tomastes | tomaron |
Pluperfect | tomara | tomaras | tomara | tomaramos | tomarades | tomaran |
Future | tomarei | tomarás | tomará | tomaremos | tomaredes | tomarán |
Conditional | tomaría | tomarías | tomaría | tomariamos | tomariades | tomarían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | tome | tomes | tome | tomemos | tomedes | tomen |
Imperfect | tomase | tomases | tomase | tomásemos | tomásedes | tomasen |
Future | tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomaren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | toma | tome | tomemos | tomade | tomen | |
Negative (non) | non tomes | non tome | non tomemos | non tomedes | non tomen |
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “tomar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ T. C. Donkin (1864) An Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages; chiefly from the German of F. Diez.[1], Williams and Norgate, retrieved 13 May 2018, page 431
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “tomar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tomar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “toom”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “tomar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tomar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “tomar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Galician-Portuguese
editEtymology
editUnknown.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittomar
- to take; to seize
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 (facsimile):
- e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar
- and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul and took it very quickly without delay
- e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar
Conjugation
editinfinitive | simple | tomar | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
gerund | simple | tomando | |||||||
compound | gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
masculine | tomado | tomada | |||||||
feminine | tomados | tomadas | |||||||
present participle | tomante | tomantes | |||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | tomo | tomas | toma | tomamos | tomades | toman | ||
imperfect | tomava | tomavas | tomava | tomavamos, tomávamos | tomavades, tomávades | tomavan | |||
preterite | tomei | tomaste, tomasche, tomache | tomou | tomamos | tomastes | tomaron | |||
pluperfect | tomara | tomaras | tomara | tomaramos, tomáramos | tomarades, tomárades | tomaran | |||
future | tomarei | tomarás | tomará | tomaremos | tomaredes | tomarán | |||
conditional | tomaria | tomarias | tomaria | tomariamos, tomaríamos | tomariades, tomaríades | tomarian | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
present imperfect | imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past anterior | preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
subjunctive mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | tome | tomes | tome | tomemos | tomedes | tomen | ||
preterite | tomasse | tomasses | tomasse | tomássemos | tomássedes | tomassen | |||
future | tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomaren | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
affirmative | — | toma | tome | tomemos | tomade | — | |||
negative | — | non tomes | non tome | non tomemos | non tomedes | — | |||
personal infinitive | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomaren | ||||
1 Its alternative spelling, aver, can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". |
Descendants
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin. Possibly derived from Latin autumāre (“to reckon; to affirm”).[1] Compare Galician and Spanish tomar.
Pronunciation
edit
Verb
edittomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)
- (transitive) to take (to get something into one’s possession or control)
- Fui ao banco tomar meu dinheiro.
- I went to the bank to get my money.
- (transitive, military) to take; to conquer (to seize control of a location)
- Os cruzados tomaram Jerusalém.
- The crusaders took Jerusalem.
- (transitive) to steal (to take something illegally)
- O ladrão tomou todo o meu dinheiro.
- The thief has taken all my money.
- (transitive) to take; to receive (to be the victim of an interaction)
- Tomei um soco na cara.
- I took a punch to the face.
- (transitive, applicable to some nouns) to put into practice
- tomar uma decisão
- to make a decision
- tomar medidas
- to take measures
- (transitive) to take for; to consider; to regard (to have a certain opinion about someone or something) [with direct object ‘someone/something’ and por ‘for someone/something’]
- Eu tomei a Maria por corrupta.
- I took Mary for a corrupt woman.
- (transitive) to take into the body
- (transitive) to drink (to ingest a liquid)
- Eu tomei suco.
- I drank juice.
- Ela não gosta de tomar sopa.
- She doesn't like to eat soup.
- (intransitive, by extension) to drink (to consume alcoholic beverages, especially habitually)
- Ele toma muito durante os finais de semana.
- He drinks a lot on weekends.
- (transitive) to take (to use a medicine)
- Esqueci-me de tomar os antidepressivos.
- I forgot to take the antidepressants.
- (transitive) to drink (to ingest a liquid)
- (transitive) to take; to experience, undergo (to put oneself into, to be subjected to)
- tomar um banho
- to take a shower
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | tomar | |||||
Personal | tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomarem |
Gerund | ||||||
tomando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | tomado | tomados | ||||
Feminine | tomada | tomadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | tomo | tomas | toma | tomamos | tomais | tomam |
Imperfect | tomava | tomavas | tomava | tomávamos | tomáveis | tomavam |
Preterite | tomei | tomaste | tomou | tomamos1, tomámos2 | tomastes | tomaram |
Pluperfect | tomara | tomaras | tomara | tomáramos | tomáreis | tomaram |
Future | tomarei | tomarás | tomará | tomaremos | tomareis | tomarão |
Conditional | tomaria | tomarias | tomaria | tomaríamos | tomaríeis | tomariam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | tome | tomes | tome | tomemos | tomeis | tomem |
Imperfect | tomasse | tomasses | tomasse | tomássemos | tomásseis | tomassem |
Future | tomar | tomares | tomar | tomarmos | tomardes | tomarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | toma | tome | tomemos | tomai | tomem | |
Negative (não) | não tomes | não tome | não tomemos | não tomeis | não tomem |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Quotations
editFor quotations using this term, see Citations:tomar.
Synonyms
edit- (to take): pegar
- (to steal): roubar
- (to consider as): considerar (como)
- (to drink): beber
- (to drink alcohol): beber
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Yakov Malkiel, Etymology
Spanish
editEtymology
editUncertain. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *tumāre, aphaeresis of Latin autumāre (“to affirm (the right to own/possess something)”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomé, past participle tomado)
- to take
- Los niños toman clases de inglés
- The children take English classes
- Me tomó mucho tiempo
- It took me a long time
- Tómalo con calma.
- Take it easy.
- Me tomaron por un loco.
- They took me for a lunatic.
- 2015 December, “Cine venezolano después del 6D”, in El Nacional[2]:
- Dependerá de cada quien tomarlas en consideración o no.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- to drink, have (especially an alcoholic beverage)
- Synonym: beber
- Tomo una sidra.
- I'll have a cider.
- to take (travel by means of)
- Synonym: (Spain) coger
- tomar el tren ― to take the train
Conjugation
editinfinitive | tomar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | tomando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | tomado | tomada | |||||
plural | tomados | tomadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | tomo | tomastú tomásvos |
toma | tomamos | tomáis | toman | |
imperfect | tomaba | tomabas | tomaba | tomábamos | tomabais | tomaban | |
preterite | tomé | tomaste | tomó | tomamos | tomasteis | tomaron | |
future | tomaré | tomarás | tomará | tomaremos | tomaréis | tomarán | |
conditional | tomaría | tomarías | tomaría | tomaríamos | tomaríais | tomarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | tome | tomestú tomésvos2 |
tome | tomemos | toméis | tomen | |
imperfect (ra) |
tomara | tomaras | tomara | tomáramos | tomarais | tomaran | |
imperfect (se) |
tomase | tomases | tomase | tomásemos | tomaseis | tomasen | |
future1 | tomare | tomares | tomare | tomáremos | tomareis | tomaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | tomatú tomávos |
tome | tomemos | tomad | tomen | ||
negative | no tomes | no tome | no tomemos | no toméis | no tomen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Derived terms
edit- a tomar por culo
- a tomar por el culo
- a tomar por saco
- irse a tomar viento
- para dar y tomar
- retomar
- toma
- toma corte
- toma y daca
- tomacorrientes
- tomadura
- tomar a la ligera
- tomar a pecho
- tomar aire
- tomar armas
- tomar asiento
- tomar cartas en el asunto
- tomar conciencia
- tomar cuerpo
- tomar el agua
- tomar el aire
- tomar el hábito
- tomar el olivo
- tomar el pelo
- tomar el pendil
- tomar el pendingue
- tomar el portante
- tomar el sol
- tomar el sombrero
- tomar el toro por los cuernos
- tomar el viento
- tomar en cuenta
- tomar la alternativa
- tomar la borla
- tomar la ceniza
- tomar la delantera
- tomar la embocadura
- tomar la estrella
- tomar la lección
- tomar la mano
- tomar la manta
- tomar la mañana
- tomar la palabra
- tomar la sangre
- tomar las afufas
- tomar las aguas
- tomar las armas
- tomar los pasos
- tomar nota
- tomar partido
- tomar por culo
- tomar por el pito del sereno
- tomar por saco
- tomar por sorpresa
- tomar posesión
- tomar un agua
- tomar una posición (“to take a stand, to take a position”)
- tomar una siesta
- tomarse con Dios
- tomarse la justicia por su mano
- tomarse la voz
- tomavistas
Further reading
edit- “tomar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Turkish
editEtymology
editFrom Ottoman Turkish طومار (tomar).
Noun
edittomar (definite accusative tomarı, plural tomarlar)
- scroll
- a great quantity of paper or money
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- “tomar”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian verbs
- Bikol Central terms borrowed from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms derived from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bikol Central lemmas
- Bikol Central verbs
- Bikol Central terms with Basahan script
- Bikol Central terms with rare senses
- Bikol Central transitive verbs
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan first conjugation verbs
- Catalan transitive verbs
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano verbs
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms with unknown etymologies
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Germanic languages
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician terms with usage examples
- Galician intransitive verbs
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Old Galician-Portuguese/aɾ
- Rhymes:Old Galician-Portuguese/aɾ/2 syllables
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms with unknown etymologies
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with homophones
- Portuguese terms with audio links
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Portuguese transitive verbs
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- pt:Military
- Portuguese intransitive verbs
- Spanish terms with unknown etymologies
- Spanish terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish terms with quotations
- Spanish terms with collocations
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Textual division