vigil
See also: Vigil
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English vigile (“a devotional watching”), from Old French vigile, from Latin vigilia (“wakefulness, watch”), from vigil (“awake”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong, lively, awake”). See also wake and vigor, from the same root.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈvɪd͡ʒəl/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɪd͡ʒəl
Noun
editvigil (plural vigils)
- An instance of keeping awake during normal sleeping hours, especially to keep watch or pray.
- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 149:
- I saw her head drooped upon her hand; her whole attitude expressing that profound depression, whose lonely vigil wastes the midnight in a gloomy watch, which yet hopes for nothing at its close.
- 2016, Colson Whitehead, The Underground Railroad, Fleet (2017), page 165:
- Eventually the body trade grew so reckless that relatives took to holding graveside vigils, lest their loved ones disappear in the night.
- A period of observation or surveillance at any hour.
- His dog kept vigil outside the hospital for eight days while he was recovering from an accident.
- The eve of a religious festival in which staying awake is part of the ritual devotions.
- A quiet demonstration in support of a cause.
- The protesters kept vigil outside the conference centre in which the party congress was being held.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
editTranslations
editkeeping awake
|
period of observation or surveillance
|
eve of a religious festival
|
quiet demonstration
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
editvigil (third-person singular simple present vigils, present participle vigiling, simple past and past participle vigiled)
- To participate in a vigil.
- 1985 August 17, Loie Hayes, “Lesbian 'Shadow Painters' Join in Nuclear Protest”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 6, page 1:
- As the arrested painters and their supporters waited out their "day in court," other activists distributed Hiroshima information leaflets, vigiled silently with placards and banners, and marched 500-strong through downtown Boston to a rally at City Hall Plaza.
Latin
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong, lively, awake”), whence vigeō.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈu̯i.ɡil/, [ˈu̯ɪ��ɪɫ̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈvi.d͡ʒil/, [ˈviːd͡ʒil]
Adjective
editvigil (genitive vigilis); third-declension one-termination adjective
Declension
editThird-declension one-termination adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | vigil | vigilēs | vigilia | ||
Genitive | vigilis | vigilium | |||
Dative | vigilī | vigilibus | |||
Accusative | vigilem | vigil | vigilēs | vigilia | |
Ablative | vigilī | vigilibus | |||
Vocative | vigil | vigilēs | vigilia |
Noun
editvigil m (genitive vigilis); third declension
- watchman, guard, sentinel; constable, fireman; angel
- (in the plural) the watch, police, constabulary
Declension
editThird-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | vigil | vigilēs |
Genitive | vigilis | vigilum |
Dative | vigilī | vigilibus |
Accusative | vigilem | vigilēs |
Ablative | vigile | vigilibus |
Vocative | vigil | vigilēs |
Derived terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- “vigil”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “vigil”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- vigil in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 677-8
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weǵ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒəl
- Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒəl/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples
- English verbs
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weǵ-
- Latin 2-syllable words
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- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives
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- Latin nouns
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