Global 200
List of 238 ecoregions identified by the WWF as priorities for conservation
The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as priorities for conservation. According to the WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species, dynamics, and environmental conditions (Dinerstein et al. 1995, TNC 1997)."
The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.
Global 200: Terrestrial
changeTropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
change- Guinean moist forests
- Congolian coastal forests
- Cameroon Highlands forests
- Northeastern Congolian lowland forests
- Central Congolian lowland forests
- Western Congolian moist forests
- Albertine Rift montane forests
- East African Coastal Forests
- Eastern African montane forests
- Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
- Seychelles and Mascarene Islands moist forests
- Sulawesi moist forests
- Moluccas moist forests
- Southern New Guinea lowland forests
- New Guinea montane forests
- Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests
- Queensland tropical rain forests
- New Caledonia moist forests
- Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands forests
- South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
- Sri Lanka moist forests
- Northern Indochina Subtropical moist forests
- Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
- Taiwan montane forests
- Annamite Range moist forests
- Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
- Philippines moist forests
- Palawan moist forests
- Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests
- Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
- Borneo lowland and montane forests
- Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests
- Eastern Deccan Plateau moist forests
- Naga-Manipuri-Chin hills moist forests
- Cardamom Mountains moist forests
- Western Java montane forests
- Greater Antillean moist forests
- Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
- Choco-Darien moist forests
- Northern Andean montane forests
- Coastal Venezuela montane forests
- Guianan moist forests
- Napo moist forests
- Rio Negro-Jurua moist forests
- Guayana Highlands moist forests
- Central Andean yungas
- Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
- Atlantic forests
Afrotropic
changeAustralasia
changeIndomalaya
changeNeotropic
change- Mexican dry forests
- Tumbesian-Andean valleys dry forests
- Chiquitano dry forests
- Atlantic dry forests
Oceania
changeNeotropic
changeAustralasia
changeIndomalaya
changeNearctic
changeNearctic
change- Pacific temperate rain forests
- Klamath-Siskiyou forests
- Sierra Nevada forests
- Southeastern coniferous and broadleaf forests
Neotropic
changePalearctic
change- European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
- Caucasus-Anatolian-Hycanian temperate forests
- Altai-Sayan montane forests
- Hengduan Shan coniferous forests
Nearctic
changePalearctic
changeAfrotropic
change- Horn of Africa acacia savannas
- East African acacia savannas
- Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
- Sudanian savannas
Australasia
changeIndomalaya
changeNeotropic
change- Llanos savannas
- Cerrado woodlands and savannas
Nearctic
changeNeotropic
change- Patagonian steppe
Palearctic
changeAfrotropic
changeIndomalaya
change- Rann of Kutch flooded grasslands
Neotropic
change- Everglades flooded grasslands
- Pantanal flooded savannas
Afrotropic
change- Ethiopian Highlands
- Southern Rift montane woodlands
- East African moorlands
- Drakenberg montane shrublands and woodlands
Australasia
changeIndomalaya
changeNeotropic
changePalearctic
changeMediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub
changeAfrotropic
changeAustralasia
changeNearctic
changeNeotropic
changePalearctic
changeAfrotropic
change- Namib-Karoo-kaokoveld deserts
- Madagascar spiny thicket
- Socotra Island desert
- Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands
Australasia
changeNearctic
change- Sonoran-Baja deserts
- Chihuahuan-Tehuacan deserts
Neotropic
change- Galapagos Islands scrub
- Atacama-Sechura deserts
Palearctic
changeAfrotropic
changeAustralasia
changeIndomalaya
changeNeotropic
changeGlobal 200: Freshwater ecoregions
changeLarge rivers
changeAfrotropic
change- Congo River and flooded forests (Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo)
Indomalaya
change- Mekong River (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)
Nearctic
change- Colorado River (Mexico, United States)
- Lower Mississippi River (United States)
Neotropic
change- Amazon River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
- Orinoco River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
Palearctic
change- Yangtze River and lakes (China)
Large river headwaters
changeAfrotropic
change- Congo basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)
Nearctic
change- Mississippi piedmont rivers and streams (United States)
Neotropic
change- Upper Amazon rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana (France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
- Upper Paraná rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
- Brazilian Shield Amazonian rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
Large river deltas
changeAfrotropic
changeIndomalaya
change- Indus River Delta (India, Pakistan)
Palearctic
change- Volga River Delta (Kazakhstan, Russia)
- Mesopotamian delta and marshes (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
- Danube River delta (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
- Lena River delta (Russia)
Small rivers
changeAfrotropic
change- Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
- Madagascar freshwater (Madagascar)
- Gulf of Guinea rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
- Cape rivers and streams (South Africa)
Australasia
change- New Guinea rivers and streams (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
- New Caledonia rivers and streams (New Caledonia)
- Kimberley rivers and streams (Australia)
- Southwest Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
- Eastern Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
Indomalaya
change- Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
- Western Ghats Rivers and Streams (India)
- Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams (Sri Lanka)
- Salween River (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
- Sundaland rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)
Nearctic
change- Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
- Pacific Northwest coastal rivers and streams (United States)
- Gulf of Alaska coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)
Neotropic
change- Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
- Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)
Palearctic
change- Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
- Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)
Large lakes
changeAfrotropic
change- Rift Valley lakes (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)
Neotropic
change- High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)
Palearctic
change- Lake Baikal (Russia)
- Lake Biwa (Japan)
Small lakes
changeAfrotropic
change- Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)
Australasia
change- Lakes Kutubu and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
- Central Sulawesi lakes (Indonesia)
Indomalaya
changeNeotropic
change- Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)
Xeric basins
changeAustralasia
change- Central Australian freshwater (Australia)
Nearctic
change- Chihuahuan freshwater (Mexico, United States)
Palearctic
change- Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)
Global 200 Marine ecoregions
changePolar
change- Bering Sea (Canada, Russia, United States)
- Barents-Kara Sea (Norway, Russia)
Temperate shelfs and seas
changeMediterranean
change- Mediterranean Sea (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)
- Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
- Grand Banks (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
- Chesapeake Bay (United States)
North Temperate Indo-Pacific
change- Yellow Sea (China, North Korea, South Korea)
- Sea of Okhotsk (Japan, Russia)
- Patagonian Southwest Atlantic (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
- Southern Australian Marine (Australia)
- New Zealand Marine (New Zealand)
North Temperate Indo-Pacific
change- California Current (Canada, Mexico, United States)
South Temperate Atlantic
change- Benguela Current (Namibia, South Africa)
South Temperate Indo-Pacific
change- Humboldt Current (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
- Agulhas Current (Mozambique, South Africa)
Central Indo-Pacific
change- Western Australian Marine (Australia)
Eastern Indo-Pacific
change- Panama Bight (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
- Gulf of California (Mexico)
- Galápagos Marine (Ecuador)
Eastern Tropical Atlantic
change- Canary Current (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)
Central Indo-Pacific
change- Nansei Shoto (Japan)
- Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
- Bismarck-Solomon Seas (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
- Banda-Flores Sea (Indonesia)
- New Caledonia Barrier Reef (New Caledonia)
- Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
- Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine (Australia)
- Palau Marine (Palau)
- Andaman Sea (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)
Eastern Indo-Pacific
change- Tahitian Marine (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
- Hawaiian Marine (Hawaii)
- Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
- Fiji Barrier Reef (Fiji)
Western Indo-Pacific
change- Maldives, Chagos, and Lakshadweep atolls (Chagos Archipelago (United Kingdom), India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
- Red Sea (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
- Arabian Sea (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
- East African Marine (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
- West Madagascar Marine (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses (France), Seychelles)
Western Tropical Atlantic
change- Mesoamerican Reef (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
- Greater Antillean Marine (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
- Southern Caribbean Sea (Aruba, Columbia, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
- Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine (Brazil)