fern
English
![](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Farn-RR.jpg/220px-Farn-RR.jpg)
Etymology
From Middle English fern, from Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn, from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing; fern, leaf”), from *p(t)erH- (“fern”).
Cognate with West Frisian fear, Dutch varen, German Farn, Lithuanian spar̃nas, Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (parəna), Ashkun pār, Kamkata-viri por, přor, Prasuni parëg, Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /fɜːn/
- (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /fɝn/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /fɜːn/, [fɘːn]
- Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n
Noun
fern (plural ferns)
- Any of a group of some twenty thousand species of vascular plants classified in the division Pteridophyta that lack seeds and reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
Synonyms
- (Pteridophyta): Filicophyta (archaic)
Derived terms
- adder's fern (Polypodium vulgare, Ophioglossum spp.)
- air fern (hydrozoan skeletons)
- Alice's fern (Lygodium palmatum)
- American climbing fern (Lygodium palmatum)
- artillery fern
- asparagus fern (in genus Asparagus)
- ball fern
- bamboo fern
- Barnsley fern
- basket fern
- bead fern
- bladder fern
- Boston fern
- buckler fern
- chain fern
- Christmas fern
- cinnamon fern
- climbing maidenhair fern
- cloak fern (Notholaena spp.)
- coral fern (Gleichenia spp.)
- duckweed fern (Azolla spp.)
- evergreen wood fern (Dryopteris marginalis, Polystichum acrostichoides)
- fern bar
- fern bush (Chamaebatiaria millefolium)
- fern cake
- fern house
- fern-leaf
- fern pine
- fern seed
- ferny
- filmy fern
- hard fern
- hare's-foot fern
- Hartford fern (Lygodium palmatum)
- hay-scented fern
- horseshoe fern
- ice fern
- Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum)
- king fern (Ptisana salicina, Todea barbara)
- lady fern
- leatherleaf fern
- lip fern
- maidenhair fern
- male fern
- man fern
- mosquito fern (Azolla spp.)
- netted chain fern
- New York fern (Parathelypteris noveboracensis)
- northern lady fern
- oak fern
- ostrich fern
- parsley fern (Cryptogramma crispa)
- rabbit's-foot fern
- rattlesnake fern
- royal fern (Osmunda regalis, Osmunda spectabilis)
- seed fern (Pteridospermatophyta spp.)
- sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis)
- shield fern
- staghorn fern
- sweetfern (in genus Comptonia)
- sword fern
- Tara fern
- tree fern
- umbrella fern (Sticherus spp.)
- vegetable fern
- Venus hair fern
- walking fern
- water fern (Azolla spp.)
- whisk fern
- wig tree fern
- Wilson's filmy fern
- wood fern
Translations
|
See also
Further reading
Anagrams
German
Etymology
From Old High German ferrana.
Pronunciation
Adjective
fern (strong nominative masculine singular ferner, comparative ferner, superlative am fernsten)
Declension
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist fern | sie ist fern | es ist fern | sie sind fern | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | ferner | ferne | fernes | ferne |
genitive | fernen | ferner | fernen | ferner | |
dative | fernem | ferner | fernem | fernen | |
accusative | fernen | ferne | fernes | ferne | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der ferne | die ferne | das ferne | die fernen |
genitive | des fernen | der fernen | des fernen | der fernen | |
dative | dem fernen | der fernen | dem fernen | den fernen | |
accusative | den fernen | die ferne | das ferne | die fernen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein ferner | eine ferne | ein fernes | (keine) fernen |
genitive | eines fernen | einer fernen | eines fernen | (keiner) fernen | |
dative | einem fernen | einer fernen | einem fernen | (keinen) fernen | |
accusative | einen fernen | eine ferne | ein fernes | (keine) fernen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist ferner | sie ist ferner | es ist ferner | sie sind ferner | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | fernerer | fernere | ferneres | fernere |
genitive | ferneren | fernerer | ferneren | fernerer | |
dative | fernerem | fernerer | fernerem | ferneren | |
accusative | ferneren | fernere | ferneres | fernere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der fernere | die fernere | das fernere | die ferneren |
genitive | des ferneren | der ferneren | des ferneren | der ferneren | |
dative | dem ferneren | der ferneren | dem ferneren | den ferneren | |
accusative | den ferneren | die fernere | das fernere | die ferneren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein fernerer | eine fernere | ein ferneres | (keine) ferneren |
genitive | eines ferneren | einer ferneren | eines ferneren | (keiner) ferneren | |
dative | einem ferneren | einer ferneren | einem ferneren | (keinen) ferneren | |
accusative | einen ferneren | eine fernere | ein ferneres | (keine) ferneren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am fernsten | sie ist am fernsten | es ist am fernsten | sie sind am fernsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | fernster | fernste | fernstes | fernste |
genitive | fernsten | fernster | fernsten | fernster | |
dative | fernstem | fernster | fernstem | fernsten | |
accusative | fernsten | fernste | fernstes | fernste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der fernste | die fernste | das fernste | die fernsten |
genitive | des fernsten | der fernsten | des fernsten | der fernsten | |
dative | dem fernsten | der fernsten | dem fernsten | den fernsten | |
accusative | den fernsten | die fernste | das fernste | die fernsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein fernster | eine fernste | ein fernstes | (keine) fernsten |
genitive | eines fernsten | einer fernsten | eines fernsten | (keiner) fernsten | |
dative | einem fernsten | einer fernsten | einem fernsten | (keinen) fernsten | |
accusative | einen fernsten | eine fernste | ein fernstes | (keine) fernsten |
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
Icelandic
Etymology
From the root fer-. Compare tvennur, þrennur.
Pronunciation
Adjective
fern
- four (used when counting singular nouns, pluralia tantum or groupings (especially pairs) of items, or when the item counted is missing from the sentence or separated by the preposition af (“of”))
- fernir skór – four pairs of shoes
- fernir tónleikar – four concerts (tónleikar is plurale tantum)
- Þetta má gera á fernan hátt. – This can be done in four ways. (háttur cannot be used in its plural form in this sense)
- Það er fernt sem mig vantar. – There are four [things] that I need. (noun omitted)
- Ég vil fá fernt af öllu. – I want four of everything.
Inflection
Derived terms
Related terms
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn.
Pronunciation
Noun
fern (plural ferns)
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “fē̆rn, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Welsh gwern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran).
Pronunciation
Noun
fern f (genitive fernae, nominative plural ferna)
Inflection
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | fernL | feirnL | fernaH |
Vocative | fernL | feirnL | fernaH |
Accusative | feirnN | feirnL | fernaH |
Genitive | fernaeH | fernL | fernN |
Dative | feirnL | fernaib | fernaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
fern | ḟern | fern pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Saxon
Noun
fern m
- Alternative form of infern
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n
- Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Ferns
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- Rhymes:German/ɛʁn
- Rhymes:German/ɛʁn/1 syllable
- German lemmas
- German adjectives
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛrtn
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛrtn/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic adjectives
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish feminine nouns
- Old Irish ā-stem nouns
- sga:Trees
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon nouns
- Old Saxon masculine nouns