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'''Botswana''' (English: ''Land of the Tswana''; /bɒtˈswɑːnə/ (listen), also <small>UK:</small> /bʊt-, bʊˈtʃw-/)<ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/botswana "Botswana"]. ''Collins English Dictionary''. HarperCollins. Retrieved 26 July 2019.</ref>, officially de '''Republic of Botswana''' (Setswana: ''Lefatshe la Botswana'', [lɪˈfatsʰɪ la bʊˈtswana]), be landlocked country for Southern Africa. Botswana be topographically flat, plus approximately 70 percent of ein territory being de Kalahari Desert. Edey border [[South Africa]] to de south den southeast, [[Namibia]] to de west den  north, den [[Zimbabwe]] to de northeast. E be connected by de Kazungula Bridge<ref>Darwa, P. Opoku (2011). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20121114113821/http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Multinational%20(Zambia-Bostwana)%20-%20AR%20-%20Kazungula%20Bridge%20Project.pdf Kazungula Bridge Project]'' (PDF). African Development Fund. p.&nbsp;Appendix IV. Archived from [http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Multinational%20(Zambia-Bostwana)%20-%20AR%20-%20Kazungula%20Bridge%20Project.pdf the original] (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2012.</ref> to Zambia, across de world ein shortest border between two countries.

Country of slightly ova 2.3 million people,<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=BW "Population, total - Botswana | Data"]. ''data.worldbank.org''. Retrieved 7 June 2021.</ref> Botswana be one of de most sparsely populated countries for de world insyd. Ebe essentially de nation state of de Tswana, wey dey make up 79% of de population.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/botswana/#people-and-society "Botswana"], ''The World Factbook'', Central Intelligence Agency, 28 March 2023, retrieved 5 April 2023</ref> About 11.6 per cent of de population dey live for de capital den largest city, [[Gaborone]] insyd. Formerly one of de world ein poorest countries—plus GDP per capita of about US$70 per year for de late 1960s insyd— e since transform ein body go upper-middle-income country, plus one of de world ein fastest-growing economies.<ref>Maundeni, Zibani; Mpabanga, Dorothy; Mfundisi, Adam (1 January 2007). [https://www.africaportal.org/publications/consolidating-democratic-governance-in-southern-africa-botswana/ "Consolidating Democratic Governance in Southern Africa : Botswana"]. ''Africa Portal''. Retrieved 28 May 2020.</ref>

Botswana be member of de Southern African Customs Union, de [[Southern African Development Community]], de Commonwealth of Nations, den de United Nations. De country be adversely affected by de HIV/AIDS epidemic. Insyd 2002, Botswana cam turn de first country nake dem offer anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) help combat de epidemic.<ref>Rollnick, Roman (September 2002). [https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/september-2002/botswanas-high-stakes-assault-aids "Botswana's high-stakes assault on AIDS"]. ''Africa Renewal''. United Nations. '''16''' (10): 6–9. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12458550 12458550]. Retrieved 29 March 2023.</ref> Despite de launch of programs make e make treatment available den make e educate de populace about de epidemic,<ref>Powell, Alvin (16 April 2009). [https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2009/04/mogae-shifts-stress-to-hiv-prevention/ "Mogae shifts stress to HIV prevention"]. ''Harvard Gazette''. Harvard University. Retrieved 29 March 2023.</ref> de number of people plus AIDS rise from 290,000 for 2005 insyd to 320,000 for 2013 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160620173755/http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2014/unaids_gap_report_en.pdf "The Gap Report"] (PDF). Geneva: UN AIDS. 2014. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160620173755/http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2014/unaids_gap_report_en.pdf the original] (PDF) on 20 June 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.</ref> As of 2014, Botswana get de third-highest prevalence rate for HIV/AIDS, plus roughly 20% of de population infected.<ref>[http://www.avert.org/aidsbotswana.htm "HIV and Aids in Botswana"]. Avert International Aids Charity. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090228211140/http://www.avert.org/aidsbotswana.htm Archived] from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2016.</ref> Howeva, for recent years de country make strides make dem dey combat HIV/AIDS, plus efforts dem dey make make dem provide proper treatment den lower de rate of mother-to-child transmission.<ref>[https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/pressreleaseandstatementarchive/2021/december/emtct_botswana "Botswana is first country with severe HIV epidemic to reach key milestone in the elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission"]. Brazzaville: UN AIDS. 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/globalhivtb/who-we-are/success-stories/success-story-pages/partnership-for-success.html "Partnership for Success: CDC and Botswana Lead Progress Toward HIV Epidemic Control"]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 30 September 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2023.</ref>

== Etymology ==
De country ein name dey mean "Land of de Tswana", wey dey refer to de dominant ethnic group insyd Botswana.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/botswana "Botswana"]. ''The World Factbook'' (2024&nbsp;ed.).  Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 15 May 2007. [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2007.zip (Archived 2007 edition)]</ref> De Constitution of Botswana dey recognize homogeneous Tswana state.<ref>Monaka, Kemmonye Collete; Chebanne, Anderson Monthusi (2019). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26907070 "Setswana and the Building of a Nation State"]. ''Anthropological Linguistics''. '''61''' (1): 75–93. ISSN&nbsp;[[issn:0003-5483|0003-5483]]. JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/26907070 26907070].</ref> Na de term ''Batswana'' be originally apply to de Tswana, wey still be de case.<ref>Bolaane, Maitseo; Mgadla, Part Themba (1997). ''[[iarchive:batswana00bola|Batswana]]''. The Rosen Publishing Group. p.&nbsp;1. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780823920082|9780823920082]]</bdi>.</ref> Howeva, dem sanso use as generally as demonym give all citizens of Botswana.<ref>[http://voicesofafrica.co.za/botswanan-batswana-its-complicated/ "Botswanan or Batswana? It's complicated – Voices of Africa"]. Voices of Africa. 17 August 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180106231817/http://voicesofafrica.co.za/botswanan-batswana-its-complicated/ Archived] from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2018.</ref>

=== Administrative divisions ===
Botswana ein ten districts be:

* Southern District
* South-East District
* Kweneng District
* Kgatleng District
* Central District
* North-East District
* Ngamiland District
* Kgalagadi District
* Chobe District
* Ghanzi District
Botswana ein councils dem create from urban anaa town councils be: 

* Gaborone City
* Francistown
* Lobatse Town
* Selebi-Phikwe Town
* Jwaneng Town
* Orapa Town den 
* Sowa Township.

== Demographics ==
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="10" |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Botswana

Census Botswana 2022<ref>[https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Population%20of%20Cities%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20%202022.pdf "POPULATION OF CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES"] (PDF). ''POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2022''. Gaborone: Statistics Botswana. June 2022. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Population%20of%20Cities%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20%202022.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.</ref>
|-
!
!Rank
!Name
!District
!Pop.
!Rank
!Name
!District
!Pop.
!
|-
| rowspan="11" |
|1
|Gaborone
|South-East
|246,325
|11
|Kanye
|Southern
|48,028
| rowspan="11" |
|-
|2
|Francistown
|North-East
|103,417
|12
|Selibe Phikwe
|Central
|42,488
|-
|3
|Mogoditshane
|Kweneng
|88,006
|13
|Letlhakane
|Central
|36,338
|-
|4
|Maun
|North-West
|84,993
|14
|Ramotswa
|South-East
|33,271
|-
|5
|Molepolole
|Kweneng
|74,674
|15
|Lobatse
|South-East
|29,772
|-
|6
|Serowe
|Central
|55,676
|16
|Mmopane
|Kweneng
|25,345
|-
|7
|Tlokweng
|South-East
|55,508
|17
|Thamaga
|Kweneng
|25,297
|-
|8
|Palapye
|Central
|52,636
|18
|Moshupa
|Southern
|23,858
|-
|9
|Mochudi
|Kgatleng
|50,317
|19
|Tonota
|Central
|23,296
|-
|10
|Mahalapye
|Central
|48,431
|20
|Bobonong
|Central
|21,216
|}

=== Languages ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Languages of Botswana
|-
| colspan="2" |Languages
|
| colspan="2" |Per cent
|-
| colspan="2" |Setswana
| 
| colspan="2" |77.3%
|-
| colspan="2" |Sekalanga
| 
| colspan="2" |7.4%
|-
| colspan="2" |Shekgalagadi
| 
| colspan="2" |3.4%
|-
| colspan="2" |English
| 
| colspan="2" |2.8%
|-
| colspan="2" |Sesarwa
| 
| colspan="2" |1.7%
|-
| colspan="2" |Sembukushu
| 
| colspan="2" |1.6%
|-
| colspan="2" |Ndebele
| 
| colspan="2" |1.0%
|-
| colspan="2" |Seherero
| 
| colspan="2" |1.0%
|-
| colspan="2" |Afrikaans
| 
| colspan="2" |0.4%
|-
| colspan="2" |Sesubiya
| 
| colspan="2" |0.3%
|-
| colspan="2" |Seyeyi
| 
| colspan="2" |0.2%
|-
| colspan="2" |Oda Asian
| 
| colspan="2" |0.4%
|-
| colspan="2" |Oda European
| 
| colspan="2" |0.4%
|-
| colspan="2" |Oda African
| 
| colspan="2" |0.1%
|-
| colspan="2" |Oda
| 
| colspan="2" |0.1%
|}

=== Tourism ===
De Botswana Tourism Organisation<ref>[https://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/ "Home | Botswana Tourism Organisation"]. ''www.botswanatourism.co.bw''. Retrieved 24 January 2024.</ref> be de country ein official tourism group. Primarily, tourists dey visit Gaborone secof de city get chaw activities give visitors. De Lion Park Resort<ref>Lion Park Resort Lionpark.co.bw (7 February 2013). Retrieved on 19 May 2017.</ref> be Botswana ein first permanent amusement park den dey host events lyk birthday parties give families. Oda destinations insyd Botswana dey include de Gaborone Yacht Club den de Kalahari Fishing Club den natural attractions lyk de Gaborone Dam den Mokolodi Nature Reserve. Der be golf courses wey de Botswana Golf Union (BGU) dey maintain am.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090808044920/http://www.botswanagolfunion.org.bw/ (BGU)]. Botswana Golf Union. Retrieved on 19 May 2017.</ref> De Phakalane Golf Estate be multi-million-dollar clubhouse wey dey offer both hotel accommodations den access to golf courses. Museums insyd Botswana dey include:

* Botswana National Museum insyd Gaborone
* Kgosi Bathoen II (Segopotso) Museum insyd Kanye
* Kgosi Sechele I Museum insyd Molepolole
* Khama III Memorial Museum insyd Serowe
* Nhabe Museum insyd Maun
* Phuthadikobo Museum insyd Mochudi
* Supa Ngwano Museum Centre insyd Francistown

== References ==
<references />'''Works dem cite'''

* Hillbom, Ellen; Bolt, Jutta (2018). ''Botswana – A Modern Economic History''. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-319-73144-5|978-3-319-73144-5]]</bdi>.
* Leith, J. Clark (2005). ''Why Botswana Prospered''. McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-7735-2820-2|0-7735-2820-2]]</bdi>.
* Benza, Brian (25 October 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-election-idUSKBN1X40KS "Botswana's Masisi retains presidency as BDP wins election"]. ''Reuters''.
* Dionne, Kim Yi (30 September 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/30/how-democratic-is-botswana-after-50-years-of-independence/ "How democratic is Botswana after 50 years of independence?"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved 18 May 2024.

'''General sources'''

Dis article dey incorporate text from free content work. Dem license under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0. Text dem take from ''[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002354/235406e.pdf UNESCO Science Report: Towards 2030]'', 546–547, UNESCO, UNESCO Publishing.

== Read further ==
* Charles, Thalefang (2016). ''Botswana's Top50 Ultimate Experiences''. Mmegi Publishing House. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/9789996845413|9789996845413]].
* Acemoglu, Daron; Johnson, Simon; Robinson, James A. (11 July 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180718075640/http://economics.mit.edu/files/284 "An African Success Story: Botswana"]. Archived from [https://economics.mit.edu/files/284 the original] on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018 – via mit.edu.
* Cohen, Dennis L (1979). "The Botswana Political Elite: Evidence from the 1974 General Election". ''Journal of Southern African Affairs''. '''4''': 347–370.
* Colclough, Christopher and Stephen McCarthy. ''The Political Economy of Botswana: A Study of Growth and Income Distribution'' (Oxford University Press, 1980)
* Cunningham, A.B.; Milton, S.J. (1987). "Effects of basket-weaving industry on mokola palm and dye plants in northwestern Botswana". ''Economic Botany''. '''41''' (3): 386–402. doi:[[doi:10.1007/BF02859055|10.1007/BF02859055]]. JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4254989 4254989].
* Denbow, James & Thebe, Phenyo C. (2006). ''Culture and Customs of Botswana''. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33178-7|978-0-313-33178-7]]</bdi>.
* Edge, Wayne A. and Mogopodi H. Lekorwe eds. ''Botswana: Politics and Society'' (Pretoria: J.L. van Schaik, 1998)
* Good, Kenneth (1992). "Interpreting the Exceptionality of Botswana". ''Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''30''': 69–95. doi:[[doi:10.1017/S0022278X00007734|10.1017/S0022278X00007734]]. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154542272 154542272].
* Good, Kenneth (September 1994). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180403150659/http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/gov2126/files/good.pdf "Corruption and Mismanagement in Botswana: A Best-Case Example?"] (PDF). ''Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''32''' (3): 499–521. doi:[[doi:10.1017/S0022278X00015202|10.1017/S0022278X00015202]]. eISSN [[issn:1469-7777|1469-7777]]. ISSN [[issn:0022-278X|0022-278X]]. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153626418 153626418]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180403150659/http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/gov2126/files/good.pdf the original] (PDF) on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018 – via harvard.edu.
* Tlou, Thomas, and Alec C. Campbell. ''History of Botswana'' (Macmillan Botswana, 1984)


[[Category:Botswana]]
[[Category:Southern African countries]]
[[Category:Countries den territories wer English be official language]]
[[Category:Landlocked countries]]
[[Category:Member states of de African Union]]
[[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]]
[[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1966]]
[[Category:Member states of de United Nations]]
[[Category:Republics for de Commonwealth of Nations insyd]]
[[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]]
[[Category:Former least developed countries]]
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