卒
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]卒 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人人十 (YOOJ), four-corner 00408, composition ⿱𠅃十)
Derived characters
[edit]- 倅 啐 埣 崪 悴 捽 淬 猝 𨔊 晬 椊 㱖 焠 琗 祽 脺 睟 𣖢 碎 稡 䘹 粹 綷 蜶 䚝 誶(谇) 賥 踤 醉 𠁸 𠾹 𡳝 錊 𡦧 𠧆 𩫛 䱣 𡄰 𠫏
- 𡮇 㰵 㲞 𣖛 顇 𣦮
- 𡨧 崒 萃 窣 箤 翠 䯿 瘁 𡇻
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2740
- Dae Jaweon: page 356, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 63, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5352
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
卒 | |
---|---|---|
2nd round simp. | 卆 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 卒 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
---|---|
晬 | *ʔsuːds |
祽 | *ʔsuːds |
綷 | *ʔsuːds |
淬 | *sʰuːds |
啐 | *sʰuːds, *suːds, *sʰroːds, *ʔsud |
倅 | *sʰuːds, *ʔsuːd |
焠 | *sʰuːds |
碎 | *suːds |
誶 | *suːds, *suds, *zud |
濢 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
噿 | *ʔslulʔ |
臎 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
醉 | *ʔsuds |
翠 | *sʰuds |
悴 | *zuds |
萃 | *zuds |
瘁 | *zuds |
顇 | *zuds |
粹 | *suds |
睟 | *suds |
賥 | *suds |
卒 | *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud |
稡 | *ʔsuːd |
猝 | *sʰuːd |
椊 | *zuːd |
捽 | *zuːd, *zud |
崪 | *zuːd |
窣 | *suːd |
崒 | *zud |
踤 | *zud |
錊 | *ʔsuːɡ |
There were 5 forms of 卒 in Shang oracle bone script (Qiu, 1990; Xuan, 2012):
: same as 衣 (“clothes”) (> Western Zhou bronze script
);
: a crisscross 衣 - a completed clothing;
(卒): ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 衣 (“clothes”) with a mark - a completed clothing to be folded (> Warring States bronze script
; Chu slip and silk script
);
(𧙻): phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声) : 衣 (“clothes”) + 聿 (OC *b·lud) (hand (又) holding a brush);
,
: 𧙻 having 又 omitted.
The brush shape in form (5) was often placed upside down. Later the inverted brush shape was mistaken as 又 and then moved to the top as in Chu slip and silk script (𰠄) to avoid obscuration with 袁 (衣 + 又) (Xuan, 2012).
Etymology 1
[edit]From 遭 (OC *ʔsluː, “to meet”) + nominal suffix *-t (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ziit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zueh4
- Northern Min (KCR): cŏ
- Eastern Min (BUC): cúk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7tseq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zú
- Wade–Giles: tsu2
- Yale: dzú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
- Palladius: цзу (czu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zeot1
- Yale: jēut
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoet7
- Guangdong Romanization: zêd1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dut2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tut̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ziit6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɨt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chut
- Hakka Romanization System: zudˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zud5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sut̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zueh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cŏ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡so²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cúk
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡souʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡səu̯²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 卒 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡su³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡su²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡su⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sou²⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡su¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡su⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡su⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡səu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡su³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡su³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡suʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡suəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡səʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/ /t͡ɕyeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sən²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡səu²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡səi²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɨʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sut̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sut̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡søt̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡syt̚⁵⁵/ /t͡sɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡søt̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sut̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡souʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡so²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡suk̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /tut̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tswot
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːd/
Definitions
[edit]卒
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 卒子 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 卒兒 |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 小卒兒 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 小卒兒, 卒 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 卒子, 小卒 |
Xi'an | 卒子, 卒, 小卒 | |
Xining | 卒, 卒子, 尕卒兒 | |
Xuzhou | 小卒, 小卒子, 小卒兒, 卒頭子 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 卒 |
Lanzhou | 卒子, 卒 | |
Ürümqi | 卒兒, 卒子, 卒娃子 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 卒子, 卒 |
Guiyang | 卒子, 卒, 小卒子, 小卒 | |
Liuzhou | 卒崽, 卒 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 小卒, 卒子 |
Yangzhou | 卒子, 小卒子 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 卒 |
Dongguan | 卒 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 卒子, 卒 |
Lichuan | 卒 | |
Pingxiang | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 卒 |
Yudu | 卒子, 卒 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 卒 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 卒子 |
Xinzhou | 卒子, 黑卒子 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 卒仔 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 卒, 卒囝 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 卒仔, 卒 |
Quanzhou | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Zhangzhou | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Tainan | 卒仔 | |
Leizhou | 卒囝 | |
Haikou | 卒 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 卒崽, 卒 |
Wu | Shanghai | 卒 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 卒 | |
Suzhou | 卒 | |
Danyang | 卒, 卒卒 | |
Hangzhou | 卒卒兒 | |
Ningbo | 卒格, 卒格爛眼 | |
Wenzhou | 卒兒, 爛頭卒 | |
Jinhua | 卒 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 卒子, 卒 |
Loudi | 卒子, 卒 |
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (Chinese chess pieces) 帥/帅 (shuài) / 將/将, 仕 (shì) / 士 (shì), 相 / 象 (xiàng), 俥/伡 / 車/车, 傌 / 㐷 / 馬/马 (mǎ), 炮 / 砲/炮, 兵 (bīng) / 卒
Compounds
[edit]- 一兵一卒
- 丟卒保車/丢卒保车 (diūzúbǎojū)
- 傔卒
- 傲卒多敗/傲卒多败
- 兵卒 (bīngzú)
- 勇夫悍卒
- 卒乘
- 卒仔
- 卒伍
- 卒子 (zúzi)
- 句卒
- 士卒 (shìzú)
- 宿將舊卒/宿将旧卒
- 小卒 (xiǎozú)
- 復卒/复卒
- 戍卒 (shùzú)
- 暴卒 (bàozú)
- 步卒 (bùzú)
- 烏合之卒/乌合之卒
- 無名小卒/无名小卒 (wúmíng xiǎozú)
- 獄卒/狱卒 (yùzú)
- 瓦合之卒
- 甲卒
- 禁卒
- 街卒
- 販夫走卒/贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
- 走卒 (zǒuzú)
- 身先士卒 (shēnxiānshìzú)
- 躬先士卒
- 輕卒銳兵/轻卒锐兵
- 過河卒子/过河卒子 (guòhé zúzi)
- 邏卒/逻卒
- 部卒
- 集兵練卒/集兵练卒 (jí bīng liàn zú)
- 馬前卒/马前卒 (mǎqiánzú)
- 騶卒/驺卒
- 鬼卒
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from ST *(t/d)u-n/t? Related to 瘁/悴, 酋, 傮, 造, 秋?”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): cúk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7tseq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zú
- Wade–Giles: tsu2
- Yale: dzú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
- Palladius: цзу (czu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zeot1
- Yale: jēut
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoet7
- Guangdong Romanization: zêd1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dut2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tut̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chut
- Hakka Romanization System: zudˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zud5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sut̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cúk
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡souʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 卒 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡su³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡su²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡su⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sou²⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡su¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡su⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡su⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡səu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡su³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡su³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡suʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡suəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡səʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/ /t͡ɕyeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sən²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡səu²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡səi²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɨʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sut̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sut̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡søt̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡syt̚⁵⁵/ /t͡sɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡søt̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sut̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡souʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡so²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡suk̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /tut̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tswit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsud/
Definitions
[edit]卒
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cù
- Wade–Giles: tsʻu4
- Yale: tsù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuh
- Palladius: цу (cu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cyut3
- Yale: chyut
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsyt8
- Guangdong Romanization: qud3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zui6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsŭi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sui³⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Middle Chinese: tshwot
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰuːd/
Definitions
[edit]卒
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cuèi
- Wade–Giles: tsʻui4
- Yale: tswèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
- Palladius: цуй (cuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]卒
- Alternative form of 倅 (cuì)
References
[edit]- “卒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00437
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: そち (sochi); しゅち (shuchi)
- Kan-on: そつ (sotsu, Jōyō); しゅつ (shutsu)
- Kun: にわかに (niwakani, 卒かに)←にはかに (nifakani, 卒かに, historical); おわる (owaru, 卒わる)←をはる (wofaru, 卒はる, historical); おえる (oeru, 卒える)←をへる (woferu, 卒へる, historical); ついに (tsuini, 卒に)←つひに (tufini, 卒に, historical)
Compounds
[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
卒 |
そつ Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 卒 (MC tswot, “soldier”).
- Recorded as Middle Korean 조ᇙ〮 (Yale: cwólq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 졸〮 (cwól)訓 (Yale: cwól) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 졸 (cwol)訓 (Yale: cwol) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [졸]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 卒 (MC tswit, “finish”).
- Recorded as Middle Korean 쥬ᇙ〮 (Yale: cyúlq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 졸 (cwol)訓 (Yale: cwol) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [졸]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]卒: Hán Nôm readings: tốt, chốt, tuất
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading そつ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しゅつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading にわ・かに
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading には・かに
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・わる
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・はる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・える
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・へる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つい・に
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading つひ・に
- Japanese terms spelled with 卒 read as そつ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 卒
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese short forms
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters