Helij
Helij (He)
In unsur dar adabijoti ta'limī bo nomi helij ma'lum ast. Helij az kalimai junoniji «helios» girifta şuda, ma'nojaş «Oftob» ast. Gazi helij hanўz dar soli 1868 dar spektri Oftob kaşf karda şud dar bajni hamai gazhoi ba ilmi muosir ma'lum helij doroi harorati çўşişi az hama past meboşad. Helij baroi bunjodi muhiti kohil zimni kafşerkuniji avtogeniji filizot, incunin dar energetikai atom mavridi istifoda qaror dorad. Helij dar ozmoişgohhoi fizikī baroi kor dar temperaturahoi past, incunin ba sifati mavodi termometr dar hududhoi 1-80K istifoda meşavad. Garcande helij nisbat ba hidrogen du marotiba vaznin ast, vale on ba monandi hidrogen xavfnok nest, binobar in helijro baroi pur kardani aerostatho va catrhoi meterologī istifoda mebarand. Omextae, ki az 80% Ne va 20% O2 iborat ast ba sifati atmosferai sun'ī baroi nafaskaşiji ƣavvoson istifoda burda meşavad. In omexta nisbat ba omextai oksigen bo nitrogen bartarī dorad, cunki helij nisbat ba nitrogen dar xun kamtar hal meşavad va in imkon medihad, ki çarajoni çўşişi xun, ki az sababi nitrogeni dar on halşuda hangomi bosur'at az çojhoi cuqurtarini bahru uqjonusho ba bolo baromadan ba vuçud meojad, peşgirī karda şavad.
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Sarcaşma
[viroiş | edit source]Safiev H.S. va dig. Ximija, dar qoidaho, taomulho, aksho va naqşaho. D. 2004
- ↑ (2016) «Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)». Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.
- ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.