冬季湖

冬季湖（愛爾蘭語：turloch，turlach^[1]）是一种季节性或周期性的水体，主要分布于爱尔兰香农河以西的石灰岩喀斯特地区。其名称源自爱尔兰语中的“tur”，意为“干燥”，以及“loch”，意为“湖泊”。这些水体随着地下水位的变化而涨落，通常在夏秋季节水位很低或干涸，而在冬季则水满。随着地下水位的下降，水通过喀斯特石灰岩中的裂隙流失到地下。^[2]

冬季湖几乎是爱尔兰独有的现象，尽管在威尔士Llandeilo附近的Cernydd Carmel有一个类似的例子，名为Pant-y-Llyn^[3]^[4]。

参考文献[编辑]

^ eDIL 2019: An Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, based on the Contributions to a Dictionary of the Irish Language (Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1913-1976). [8 December 2021].
^ Reynolds, Julian D.; Duigan, Catherine; Marnell, Ferdia; O'Connor, A. Extreme and Ephemeral Water Bodies in Ireland. Chapter 4 in: Studies in Irish Limnology, Editor: P.S. Giller. The Marine Institute (Dublin, Ireland). 1998.
^ Blackstock, T. H.; Duigan, C. A.; Stevens, D. P.; Yeo, M. J. M. Case studies and reviews. Vegetation zonation and invertebrate fauna in Pant-y-llyn, an unusual seasonal lake in South Wales, UK. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. September 1993, 3 (3): 253–268. doi:10.1002/aqc.3270030309.
^ 3180 Turloughs : Freshwater habitats. jncc.gov.uk. Joint Nature Conservation Committee. [6 December 2021].

[edil-1] DIL 2019: An Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, based on the Contributions to a Dictionary of the Irish Language (Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1913-1976). [8 December 2021].

[Reynoldsetal-2] Reynolds, Julian D.; Duigan, Catherine; Marnell, Ferdia; O'Connor, A. Extreme and Ephemeral Water Bodies in Ireland. Chapter 4 in: Studies in Irish Limnology, Editor: P.S. Giller. The Marine Institute (Dublin, Ireland). 1998.

[Blackstock-3] Blackstock, T. H.; Duigan, C. A.; Stevens, D. P.; Yeo, M. J. M. Case studies and reviews. Vegetation zonation and invertebrate fauna in Pant-y-llyn, an unusual seasonal lake in South Wales, UK. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. September 1993, 3 (3): 253–268. doi:10.1002/aqc.3270030309.

[JNCC-4] 3180 Turloughs : Freshwater habitats. jncc.gov.uk. Joint Nature Conservation Committee. [6 December 2021].

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