Radiculopathy is not a specific condition, but rather a description of a problem in which one or more nerves are affected and do not work properly (a neuropathy). The emphasis is on the nerve root (Radix = "root"). This can result in pain (radicular pain), weakness, numbness, or difficulty controlling specific muscles.
| Radiculopathy | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurosurgery  |
In a radiculopathy, the problem is at or near the root of the nerve, along the spine. However, the pain or other symptoms may manifest in an extremity through a process called referred pain. For example, a nerve root impingement in the neck can produce pain and weakness in the forearm. Likewise, an impingement in the lower back or lumbar-sacral spine can be manifested with symptoms in the foot. Polyradiculopathy is the name of the term for describing when more than one spinal nerve roots are affected.
Causes
The nerve(s) may be inflamed, pinched (compressed), or working ineffectively due to a lack of blood flow. The nerve could be affected by a progressive disease that is destroying it in part or in whole. The "straight leg raise test" can help to diagnose a lumbar or sacral nerve root radiculopathy.
Treatment
Ideally effective treatment resolves the underlying cause and restores the nerve root to normal function. Common mainstream treatment approaches include physical therapy, medication, and relaxation. Spinal manipulation may be used in some cases.[citation needed]
Types
Forms of radiculopathy and related conditions:
- Cervical radiculopathy: Radiculopathy in the cervical spine
- Cauda equina syndrome
- Paraplegia
- Sciatica
- Quadriplegia
- Piriformis syndrome
See also
External links
- Radiculopathy at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Symptoms
- More on Radiculopathy
- Youtube video: Spine & Nerve Health with Dr. Aaron Filler (comparing Sciatica and Piriformis Syndrome)
