蓬

Translingual

Han character

蓬 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜竹十 (TYHJ), four-corner 4430₄, composition ⿱艹逢)

Derived characters

𡂫, 𢸚, 鑝, 𤂧, 𤑫, 𣟀, 纄, 𡓄, 𢩣, 𨏕, 𧴟, 𧓶

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1052, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31720
Dae Jaweon: page 1514, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3267, character 8
Unihan data for U+84EC

Chinese

trad.		蓬
simp. ^#		蓬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
邦	*proːŋ
梆	*proːŋ
垹	*proːŋ
肨	pʰroːŋs, pʰroːŋs
蚌	broːŋʔ, breːŋʔ
玤	*broːŋʔ
棒	*broːŋʔ
蜯	*broːŋʔ
琫	*poːŋʔ
菶	poːŋʔ, boːŋʔ
俸	poːŋʔ, boŋs
髼	*boːŋ
蜂	boːŋ, pʰoŋ
韸	*boːŋ
蓬	*boːŋ
篷	*boːŋ
唪	boːŋʔ, boŋʔ
埲	*boːŋʔ
丰	*pʰoŋ
妦	*pʰoŋ
仹	*pʰoŋ
峯	*pʰoŋ
峰	*pʰoŋ
鋒	*pʰoŋ
烽	*pʰoŋ
蠭	*pʰoŋ
桻	*pʰoŋ
莑	*pʰoŋ
夆	pʰoŋ, boŋ, *ɡaːds
捧	*pʰoŋʔ
逢	*boŋ
縫	boŋ, boŋs
漨	*boŋ
捀	boŋ, boŋs
奉	*boŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boːŋ) : semantic 艸 (“vegetation”) + phonetic 逢 (OC *boŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): péng (peng²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄥˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pong²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pung⁴ / fung⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): puung³
Gan (Wiktionary): pung²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pùng

(Meixian, Guangdong): pung²
Jin (Wiktionary): peng¹
Northern Min (KCR): pô̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): pùng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phông / pông / hông / phōng / pōng

(Teochew, Peng'im): pong⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): pong⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶bon
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pong²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: péng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: péng
  - Wade–Giles: pʻêng²
  - Yale: péng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perng
  - Palladius: пэн (pɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: pong²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰoŋ²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pung⁴ / fung⁴
  - Yale: pùhng / fùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pung⁴ / fung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pung⁴ / fung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰʊŋ²¹/, /fʊŋ²¹/

Note: fung4 - variant.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: puung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɵŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: pung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: bung^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bung²
  - Sinological IPA: /puŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pung²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰʊŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: peng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰə̃ŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phông
  - Tâi-lô: phông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pʰɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pông
  - Tâi-lô: pông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poong
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
  - Tâi-lô: hông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phōng
  - Tâi-lô: phōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phong
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
  - Tâi-lô: pōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pong
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: pong⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰɔŋ²²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶bon
  - MiniDict: bon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³bon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /boŋ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: pong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /pʰʊŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /pʰən¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 蓬
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰəŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰəŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰəŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/pʰəŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/pʰə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰəŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/pʰə̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/pʰɤŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pʰoŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰoŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/pʰoŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/pʰoŋ³¹/
	Nanjing	/pʰən²⁴/
	Hefei	/pʰəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/boŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/boŋ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/boŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/boŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/pʰan⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/poŋ¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/bən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰuŋ²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰuŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/pʰuŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pʰoŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/pʰuŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/pʰoŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pʰɔŋ³⁵/ /pʰaŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pʰuŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pʰɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pʰoŋ⁵⁵/ /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/foŋ³¹/

Middle Chinese: buwng

Rime
Character	蓬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄紅切
Baxter	buwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/buŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/buŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəwŋ/
Li Rong	/buŋ/
Wang Li	/buŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	péng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pung⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*boːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蓬
Reading #	1/1
No.	3216
Phonetic component	丰
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蓬
Old Chinese	/*boːŋ/

Definitions

蓬

Compounds

亂蓬蓬／乱蓬蓬
孤蓬
屏蓬
推蓬裝／推蓬装
斗蓬裝
斷梗飄蓬／断梗飘蓬
斷梗飛蓬／断梗飞蓬
方蓬
朝氣蓬勃／朝气蓬勃 (zhāoqìpéngbó)
桑弧蓬矢
桑蓬之志
漂零蓬斷／漂零蓬断
生氣蓬勃／生气蓬勃 (shēngqìpéngbó)
白蓬蓬
茅椽蓬牖
萍蓬
萍飄蓬轉／萍飘蓬转
蓬亂／蓬乱
蓬勃 (péngbó)
蓬塘
蓬壺／蓬壶
蓬室居
蓬屋生輝／蓬屋生辉
蓬山 (Péngshān)
蓬島／蓬岛
蓬戶士／蓬户士
蓬戶甕牖／蓬户瓮牖
蓬拆
蓬沓
蓬瀛
蓬瀛仙境
蓬生麻中，不扶而直 (péng shēng má zhōng, bù fú ér zhí)
蓬窗
蓬舟
蓬茅
蓬茆
蓬茸
蓬萊／蓬莱 (pénglái)
蓬萊仙境／蓬莱仙境
蓬萊仙島／蓬莱仙岛 (Pénglái Xiāndǎo)
蓬萊宮／蓬莱宫 (Pénglái Gōng)
蓬萊弱水／蓬莱弱水
蓬萊米／蓬莱米 (péngláimǐ)
蓬葆
蓬蒿 (pénghāo)
蓬蒿人
蓬蒿滿徑／蓬蒿满径
蓬蓽／蓬荜
蓮蓬／莲蓬
蓬蓬 (péngpéng)
蓬蓬勃勃 (péngpéngbóbó)
蓬蓽增輝／蓬荜增辉
蓬蓬孛孛
蓬蓽有輝／蓬荜有辉
蓬蓬然
蓬蓽生光／蓬荜生光
蓬蓽生輝／蓬荜生辉
蓮蓬頭／莲蓬头
蓬虆 (péngléi)
蓬轉／蓬转
蓬門／蓬门
蓬門荊布／蓬门荆布
蓽門蓬戶／荜门蓬户
蓬門蓽戶／蓬门荜户
蓬閬／蓬阆
蓬閭生輝／蓬闾生辉
蓬頭／蓬头
蓬頭垢面／蓬头垢面 (péngtóugòumiàn)
蓬頭鬼／蓬头鬼
蓬顆／蓬颗
蓬首
蓬首垢面 (péngshǒugòumiàn)
蓬髮／蓬发
蓬鬆／蓬松 (péngsōng)
蓬鬢／蓬鬓
轉蓬／转蓬
頭蓬眼瘇／头蓬眼瘇
飄蓬／飘蓬
飄蓬斷梗／飘蓬断梗
飛蓬／飞蓬 (fēipéng)
飛蓬之問／飞蓬之问
飛蓬乘風／飞蓬乘风
飛蓬隨風／飞蓬随风
首如飛蓬／首如飞蓬

References

“Entry #11343”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

蓬

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

artemisia; mugwort, sagebrush, wormwood

Readings

Go-on: ぶ (bu)
Kan-on: ほう (hō)
Kun: えもぎ (emogi, 蓬)、ほおける (hōkeru, 蓬ける)、ほける (hokeru, 蓬ける)、ほほける (hohokeru, 蓬ける)、よもぎ (yomogi, 蓬)
Nanori: とも (tomo)、ほ (ho)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
蓬
よもぎ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
艾

ヨモギ on Japanese Wikipedia

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) よもぎ [yòmógí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [jo̞mo̞ɡʲi]

Noun

蓬(よもぎ) or 蓬(ヨモギ) • (yomogi)

mugwort

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 蓬 (MC buwng).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [po̞ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [봉]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

蓬

Wikisource

蓬 (eumhun 쑥 봉 (ssuk bong))

moxa, mugwort, wormwood

Synonyms

쑥 (ssuk)

Compounds

봉과 (蓬科, bonggwa)
봉괴 (蓬塊, bonggoe)
봉구 (蓬丘, bonggu)
봉도 (蓬島, bongdo)
봉두 (蓬頭, bongdu)
봉두구면 (蓬頭垢面, bongdugumyeon)
봉두난발 (蓬頭亂髮, bongdunanbal)
봉두역치 (蓬頭歷齒, bongduyeokchi)
봉래 (蓬萊, bongnae)
봉래산 (蓬萊山, bongnaesan)
봉래약수 (蓬萊弱水, bongnaeyaksu)
봉루 (蓬累, bongnu)
봉류 (蓬藟, bongnyu)
봉립 (蓬笠, bongnip)
봉문 (蓬門, bongmun)
봉박 (蓬箔, bongbak)
봉발 (蓬勃, bongbal)
봉발 (蓬髮, bongbal)
봉보 (蓬葆, bongbo)
봉봉 (蓬蓬, bongbong)
봉사 (蓬士, bongsa)
봉산 (蓬山, bongsan)
봉수 (蓬首, bongsu)
봉시 (蓬矢, bongsi)
봉실 (蓬室, bongsil)
봉심 (蓬心, bongsim)
봉암 (蓬庵, bong'am)
봉애 (蓬艾, bong'ae)
봉영 (蓬瀛, bong'yeong)
봉우 (蓬宇, bong'u)
봉원 (蓬原, bong'won)
봉자 (蓬茨, bongja)
봉전 (蓬轉, bongjeon)
봉정 (蓬征, bongjeong)
봉직 (蓬直, bongjik)
봉출 (蓬朮, bongchul)
봉필 (蓬蓽, bongpil)
봉호 (蓬戶, bongho)
봉호 (蓬壺, bongho)
봉호 (蓬蒿, bongho)
마중지봉 (麻中之蓬, majungjibong)
부평전봉 (浮萍轉蓬, bupyeongjeonbong)
비봉 (飛蓬, bibong)
상봉 (霜蓬, sangbong)
상봉지지 (桑蓬之志, sangbongjiji)
상호봉시 (桑弧蓬矢, sanghobongsi)
선봉 (船蓬, seonbong)
액봉 (額蓬, aekbong)
영봉 (瀛蓬, yeongbong)
월봉 (月蓬, wolbong)
율봉 (栗蓬, yulbong)
전봉 (轉蓬, jeonbong)
편봉 (編蓬, pyeonbong)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

蓬: Hán Nôm readings: bồng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]