Daftar negara menurut emisi karbon dioksida
Artikel ini memerlukan pemutakhiran informasi. Alasannya: 2021 data from EDGAR at https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/. |
Ini adalah daftar negara bagian dan teritori berdaulat menurut emisi karbon dioksida karena bentuk aktivitas manusia tertentu, berdasarkan /edgar EDGAR database yang dibuat oleh Komisi Eropa dan Badan Penilaian Lingkungan Belanda yang dirilis pada tahun 2018. Tabel berikut mencantumkan perkiraan emisi CO2 tahunan tahun 1990, 2005 dan 2017 (dalam megaton CO2 per tahun) beserta daftar emisi terhitung per km2 (dalam ton CO2 per tahun) dan emisi per kapita (dalam ton CO2 per tahun ).
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Carbon_dioxide_emissions-01.svg/200px-Carbon_dioxide_emissions-01.svg.png)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Countries_by_carbon_dioxide_emissions_world_map_deobfuscated.png/330px-Countries_by_carbon_dioxide_emissions_world_map_deobfuscated.png)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/20211026_Cumulative_carbon_dioxide_CO2_emissions_by_country_-_bar_chart.svg/330px-20211026_Cumulative_carbon_dioxide_CO2_emissions_by_country_-_bar_chart.svg.png)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/World_fossil_carbon_dioxide_emissions_six_top_countries_and_confederations.png/330px-World_fossil_carbon_dioxide_emissions_six_top_countries_and_confederations.png)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Annual-CO2-emissions-by-region.png/330px-Annual-CO2-emissions-by-region.png)
Data tersebut hanya mempertimbangkan emisi karbon dioksida dari pembakaran bahan bakar fosil dan pembuatan semen, tetapi bukan emisi dari penggunaan lahan, perubahan penggunaan lahan, dan kehutanan. Emisi dari pelayaran internasional atau bunker fuel juga tidak termasuk dalam angka nasional,[2] yang dapat membuat perbedaan besar bagi negara-negara kecil dengan pelabuhan-pelabuhan penting. Ketika emisi karbon dioksida dari perubahan penggunaan lahan diperhitungkan, sebagian besar emisi karbon sejak 1905 terjadi di Asia, Amerika Tengah dan Selatan, mencerminkan fakta bahwa negara-negara maju membuka hutan mereka pada abad-abad sebelumnya.[butuh rujukan] Faktor penggunaan lahan telah menyumbang hampir sepertiga dari total emisi antropogenik kumulatif karbon dioksida sejak tahun 1850, dan hingga tahun 1965 sebenarnya merupakan sumber emisi yang lebih besar daripada pembakaran bahan bakar fosil dan produksi semen.[3] Metodologi perhitungan bersifat publik.[4]
10 besar negara penghasil emisi terbesar menyumbang 67,6% dari total dunia. Sejak tahun 2006, Cina telah mengeluarkan lebih banyak CO2 daripada negara lain mana pun.[5][6][7][8][9][10] Saat melihat emisi CO2 per orang, tingkat di China kurang dari setengah Amerika Serikat (sumber emisi CO2 terbesar berikutnya) dan sekitar seperdelapan dari Palau (negara terbesar CO2 emitor per orang).[11]
Ukuran emisi berbasis teritorial, juga dikenal sebagai emisi berbasis produksi, tidak memperhitungkan emisi tertanam dalam perdagangan global, di mana emisi dapat diimpor atau diekspor dalam bentuk barang yang diperdagangkan, karena hanya melaporkan emisi yang dikeluarkan dalam batas-batas geografis. Dengan demikian, sebagian dari CO2 yang diproduksi dan dilaporkan di Asia dan Eropa Timur adalah untuk produksi barang yang dikonsumsi di Eropa Barat dan Amerika Utara.[12]
Emisi CO2 per kapita
sunting-
Total emisi CO2 berdasarkan negara/wilayah pada tahun 2017 vs emisi per kapita (40 negara teratas)
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Total emisi CO2 untuk periode 1970 hingga 2017 dan emisi 2017, menurut negara/wilayah
Emisi CO2 fosil berdasarkan negara/wilayah
suntingCatatan: titik adalah titik desimal, jadi 1.000 Mt berarti 1 Mt, yaitu 1.000.000 ton.
Negara[14] | Emisi CO2 fosil (Mt CO2) |
Emisi CO2 fosil | 2017 – Emisi CO2 fosil | 2018 emisi CO2[13] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2005 | 2017 | 2017 (% dunia) |
2017 vs 1990: perubahan (%) |
Per luas tanah (t CO2/km2/yr) |
Per kapita (t CO2/cap/yr) |
Total termasuk LUCF[13] | Total tidak termasuk LUCF[13] | |
Seluruh Dunia | 22,674.116 | 30,049.809 | 37,077.404 | 100.00% | 63.5% | 73 | 4.9 | 36,431.11 | 35,247.21 |
Dunia – Penerbangan Internasional | 258.941 | 422.777 | 543.381 | 1.47% | 109.8% | n/a | n/a | ||
Dunia– Pengiriman internasional | 371.804 | 572.169 | 677.248 | 1.83% | 82.2% | n/a | n/a | ||
Afganistan | 2.546 | 1.063 | 11.422 | 0.03% | 348.6% | 18 | 0.3 | 7.59 | 7.44 |
Afrika Tengah | 0.159 | 0.246 | 0.486 | 0.00% | 205.7% | 1 | 0.1 | 14.31 | 0.33 |
Afrika Selatan | 312.463 | 433.170 | 467.654 | 1.26% | 49.7% | 383 | 8.2 | 439.80 | 433.25 |
Albania | 6.583 | 4.196 | 5.026 | 0.01% | -23.7% | 175 | 1.7 | 5.32 | 5.56 |
Aljazair | 65.677 | 98.197 | 159.929 | 0.43% | 143.5% | 67 | 3.9 | 151.87 | 151.67 |
Amerika Serikat | 5,085.897 | 5,971.571 | 5,107.393 | 13.77% | 0.4% | 519 | 15.7 | 4,749.57 | 4,981.30 |
Angola | 5.851 | 15.975 | 30.876 | 0.08% | 427.7% | 25 | 1.0 | 62.93 | 27.34 |
Anguilla | 0.006 | 0.014 | 0.028 | 0.00% | 366.7% | 308 | 1.9 | ||
Antigua dan Barbuda | 0.223 | 0.283 | 0.624 | 0.00% | 179.8% | 1,412 | 6.1 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
Arab Saudi | 166.172 | 339.441 | 638.762 | 1.72% | 284.4% | 297 | 19.4 | 514.60 | 514.60 |
Argentina | 112.434 | 165.429 | 209.968 | 0.57% | 86.7% | 76 | 4.7 | 207.11 | 177.41 |
Armenia | 20.699 | 4.542 | 4.832 | 0.01% | -76.7% | 162 | 1.6 | 5.59 | 5.55 |
Aruba | 0.297 | 0.470 | 0.959 | 0.00% | 222.9% | 5,328 | 9.1 | ||
Australia | 275.408 | 391.590 | 402.253 | 1.08% | 46.1% | 52 | 16.5 | 388.81 | 386.62 |
Austria | 62.918 | 80.994 | 72.249 | 0.19% | 14.8% | 861 | 8.3 | 56.06 | 63.18 |
Azerbaijan | 58.077 | 30.485 | 32.544 | 0.09% | -44.0% | 376 | 3.3 | 30.10 | 32.02 |
Bahama | 1.524 | 2.068 | 2.997 | 0.01% | 96.7% | 215 | 7.6 | 2.25 | 2.25 |
Bahrain | 11.988 | 23.388 | 35.775 | 0.10% | 198.4% | 46,643 | 24.0 | 30.75 | 30.75 |
Bangladesh | 13.868 | 38.834 | 84.546 | 0.23% | 509.6% | 573 | 0.5 | 104.50 | 82.76 |
Barbados | 0.776 | 2.162 | 3.172 | 0.01% | 308.8% | 7,377 | 11.1 | 1.25 | 1.25 |
Belanda | 161.447 | 181.433 | 174.770 | 0.47% | 8.3% | 4,176 | 10.3 | 152.52 | 151.17 |
Belarus | 109.069 | 61.396 | 62.340 | 0.17% | -42.8% | 300 | 6.6 | 37.80 | 59.31 |
Belgia | 115.903 | 118.708 | 104.221 | 0.28% | -10.1% | 3,414 | 9.1 | 93.63 | 93.47 |
Belize | 0.188 | 0.440 | 0.440 | 0.00% | 134.0% | 19 | 1.2 | 5.92 | 0.68 |
Benin | 0.415 | 2.839 | 7.097 | 0.02% | 1,610.1% | 62 | 0.6 | 18.62 | 7.91 |
Bermuda | 0.335 | 0.284 | 0.429 | 0.00% | 28.1% | 7,944 | 7.0 | ||
Bhutan | 0.208 | 0.515 | 1.454 | 0.00% | 599.0% | 38 | 1.8 | 0.07 | 1.38 |
Bolivia | 6.287 | 9.998 | 20.462 | 0.06% | 225.5% | 19 | 1.9 | 90.09 | 22.71 |
Bosnia dan Herzegovina | 24.559 | 16.890 | 25.618 | 0.07% | 4.3% | 500 | 7.3 | 20.81 | 22.54 |
Botswana | 2.818 | 4.465 | 7.913 | 0.02% | 180.8% | 14 | 3.5 | 49.54 | 8.21 |
Brasil | 228.603 | 380.765 | 492.791 | 1.33% | 115.6% | 58 | 2.4 | 812.02 | 427.71 |
Britania Raya | 589.038 | 561.543 | 379.150 | 1.02% | -35.6% | 1,564 | 5.7 | 347.84 | 358.80 |
Brunei Darussalam | 3.397 | 5.174 | 6.711 | 0.02% | 97.6% | 1,164 | 15.7 | 7.47 | 7.14 |
Bulgaria | 82.271 | 52.032 | 49.568 | 0.13% | -39.8% | 447 | 7.0 | 7.32 | 41.13 |
Burkina Faso | 0.380 | 1.038 | 3.399 | 0.01% | 794.5% | 12 | 0.2 | 28.37 | 4.27 |
Burundi | 0.210 | 0.307 | 0.289 | 0.00% | 37.6% | 10 | 0.0 | 4.07 | 0.59 |
Chad | 0.268 | 0.383 | 0.925 | 0.00% | 245.1% | 1 | 0.1 | 24.40 | 1.07 |
Chili | 32.654 | 59.747 | 90.325 | 0.24% | 176.6% | 119 | 5.0 | 28.75 | 86.62 |
Curaçao | 5.474 | 4.774 | 7.519 | 0.02% | 37.4% | 16,935 | 46.8 | ||
Denmark | 53.705 | 51.485 | 33.573 | 0.09% | -37.5% | 779 | 5.9 | 34.23 | 33.38 |
Dominika | 0.033 | 0.035 | 0.122 | 0.00% | 269.7% | 162 | 1.7 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
Ekuador | 16.119 | 28.320 | 39.507 | 0.11% | 145.1% | 143 | 2.4 | 65.68 | 39.53 |
El Salvador | 2.633 | 6.905 | 7.857 | 0.02% | 198.4% | 373 | 1.2 | 7.89 | 6.81 |
Eritrea | 0.214 | 0.688 | 0.737 | 0.00% | 244.4% | 6 | 0.1 | 1.24 | 0.80 |
Estonia | 38.467 | 19.643 | 17.890 | 0.05% | -53.5% | 396 | 13.7 | 17.96 | 16.00 |
Eswatini | 0.602 | 1.541 | 1.247 | 0.00% | 107.1% | 72 | 0.9 | 0.96 | 1.09 |
Etiopia | 2.390 | 5.327 | 14.900 | 0.04% | 523.4% | 13 | 0.1 | 48.00 | 16.28 |
Fiji | 1.028 | 2.174 | 1.440 | 0.00% | 40.1% | 79 | 1.6 | -0.65 | 1.90 |
Filipina | 43.623 | 81.261 | 137.154 | 0.37% | 214.4% | 457 | 1.3 | 144.70 | 142.24 |
Finlandia | 57.242 | 58.360 | 46.846 | 0.13% | -18.2% | 138 | 8.5 | 51.30 | 44.36 |
Gabon | 4.857 | 6.394 | 6.564 | 0.02% | 35.1% | 25 | 3.2 | 11.08 | 4.61 |
Gambia | 0.149 | 0.235 | 0.554 | 0.00% | 271.8% | 49 | 0.3 | 1.10 | 0.57 |
Georgia | 34.745 | 4.979 | 11.558 | 0.03% | -66.7% | 166 | 3.0 | 9.46 | 9.46 |
Ghana | 3.195 | 7.329 | 18.626 | 0.05% | 483.0% | 78 | 0.6 | -8.82 | 16.11 |
Gibraltar | 0.144 | 0.406 | 0.627 | 0.00% | 335.4% | 104,500 | 18.1 | ||
Greenland | 0.003 | 0.631 | 0.518 | 0.00% | 17,166.7% | 0 | 9.2 | ||
Grenada | 0.075 | 0.125 | 0.280 | 0.00% | 273.3% | 814 | 2.6 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
Guadeloupe | 0.875 | 1.035 | 2.257 | 0.01% | 157.9% | 1,386 | 5.0 | ||
Guatemala | 3.874 | 11.674 | 17.760 | 0.05% | 358.4% | 163 | 1.1 | 21.48 | 18.21 |
Guinea | 1.074 | 1.119 | 2.731 | 0.01% | 154.3% | 11 | 0.2 | 15.35 | 3.12 |
Guinea-Bissau | 0.196 | 0.289 | 0.409 | 0.00% | 108.7% | 11 | 0.2 | 1.80 | 0.31 |
Guinea Khatulistiwa | 0.097 | 3.371 | 2.469 | 0.01% | 2,445.4% | 88 | 1.9 | 10.51 | 6.67 |
Guyana | 0.337 | 0.725 | 1.771 | 0.00% | 425.5% | 8 | 2.3 | 16.51 | 2.44 |
Guyana Prancis | 0.371 | 0.491 | 0.719 | 0.00% | 93.8% | 9 | 2.5 | ||
Haiti | 1.147 | 2.234 | 3.521 | 0.01% | 207.0% | 127 | 0.3 | 3.96 | 3.33 |
Honduras | 2.351 | 7.806 | 10.562 | 0.03% | 349.3% | 94 | 1.1 | 15.30 | 9.77 |
Hong Kong | 34.182 | 41.916 | 44.715 | 0.12% | 30.8% | 16,230 | 6.1 | ||
Hungaria | 71.929 | 59.758 | 50.856 | 0.14% | -29.3% | 547 | 5.2 | 48.28 | 46.39 |
India | 605.968 | 1,210.754 | 2,454.774 | 6.62% | 305.1% | 747 | 1.8 | 2,400.25 | 2,434.52 |
Indonesia | 162.000 | 359.989 | 511.327 | 1.38% | 215.6% | 268 | 1.9 | 1,269.55 | 583.11 |
Iran | 206.780 | 467.905 | 671.450 | 1.81% | 224.7% | 407 | 8.3 | 629.35 | 629.29 |
Irak | 69.262 | 89.103 | 199.296 | 0.54% | 187.7% | 455 | 5.2 | 188.64 | 188.14 |
Irlandia | 32.852 | 47.277 | 38.914 | 0.10% | 18.5% | 554 | 8.2 | 34.32 | 37.11 |
Islandia | 2.346 | 3.170 | 4.097 | 0.01% | 74.6% | 40 | 12.2 | 2.11 | 2.20 |
Israel | 35.291 | 62.149 | 66.916 | 0.18% | 89.6% | 3,222 | 8.0 | 62.05 | 61.97 |
Italia San Marino Vatikan |
430.762 | 498.205 | 361.176 | 0.97% | -16.2% | 1,198 | 6.1 | 312.03 | 324.85 |
Jamaika | 7.525 | 10.631 | 7.546 | 0.02% | 0.3% | 687 | 2.6 | 8.69 | 8.51 |
Jepang | 1,149.400 | 1,276.863 | 1,320.776 | 3.56% | 14.9% | 3,494 | 10.4 | 1,074.08 | 1,106.15 |
Jerman | 1,018.097 | 837.284 | 796.529 | 2.15% | -21.8% | 2,230 | 9.7 | 680.06 | 709.54 |
Jibuti | 1.101 | 1.469 | 1.014 | 0.00% | -7.9% | 44 | 1.1 | 0.49 | 0.49 |
Kaledonia Baru | 1.623 | 2.453 | 5.912 | 0.02% | 264.3% | 318 | 21.4 | ||
Kamboja | 0.407 | 2.686 | 10.560 | 0.03% | 2,494.6% | 58 | 0.7 | 40.16 | 11.16 |
Kamerun | 7.097 | 5.520 | 9.768 | 0.03% | 37.6% | 21 | 0.4 | 42.38 | 8.62 |
Kanada | 455.827 | 581.267 | 617.301 | 1.66% | 35.4% | 62 | 16.9 | 609.67 | 574.40 |
Kazakhstan | 250.382 | 182.369 | 266.207 | 0.72% | 6.3% | 98 | 14.6 | 217.46 | 220.45 |
Kenya | 6.467 | 8.787 | 18.594 | 0.05% | 187.5% | 32 | 0.4 | 10.78 | 18.40 |
Kepulauan Cayman | 0.148 | 0.188 | 0.493 | 0.00% | 233.1% | 1,867 | 8.0 | ||
Kepulauan Cook | 0.043 | 0.058 | 0.047 | 0.00% | 9.3% | 199 | 2.7 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
Kepulauan Falkland | 0.013 | 0.016 | 0.038 | 0.00% | 192.3% | 3 | 13.1 | ||
Kepulauan Faroe | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.00% | 100.0% | 1 | 23.1 | ||
Kepulauan Solomon | 0.133 | 0.187 | 0.146 | 0.00% | 9.8% | 5 | 0.2 | 45.78 | 0.37 |
Kepulauan Turks dan Caicos | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.165 | 0.00% | 2,257.1% | 174 | 4.7 | ||
Kepulauan Virgin Britania Raya | 0.026 | 0.032 | 0.149 | 0.00% | 473.1% | 987 | 4.8 | ||
Kiribati | 0.020 | 0.033 | 0.030 | 0.00% | 50.0% | 37 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
Kirgizstan | 23.696 | 5.475 | 11.180 | 0.03% | -52.8% | 56 | 1.8 | 7.73 | 11.00 |
Kolombia | 51.919 | 60.610 | 74.954 | 0.20% | 44.4% | 66 | 1.5 | 162.46 | 79.49 |
Komoro | 0.049 | 0.115 | 0.206 | 0.00% | 320.4% | 111 | 0.3 | 0.32 | 0.26 |
Kongo | 0.902 | 4.359 | 5.514 | 0.01% | 511.3% | 16 | 1.0 | 13.69 | |
Korea Selatan | 270.056 | 514.946 | 673.324 | 1.82% | 149.3% | 6,719 | 13.2 | 585.07 | 630.87 |
Korea Utara | 131.365 | 79.568 | 37.774 | 0.10% | -71.2% | 313 | 1.5 | 21.41 | 18.12 |
Kosta Rika | 2.913 | 6.306 | 8.138 | 0.02% | 179.4% | 159 | 1.7 | 0.95 | 8.26 |
Kroasia | 25.164 | 23.634 | 17.466 | 0.05% | -30.6% | 309 | 4.2 | 12.24 | 16.58 |
Kuba | 37.109 | 26.165 | 31.277 | 0.08% | -15.7% | 285 | 2.7 | 21.92 | 24.97 |
Kuwait | 31.414 | 75.218 | 97.151 | 0.26% | 209.3% | 5,452 | 23.5 | 89.45 | 89.46 |
Laos | 0.211 | 1.038 | 2.818 | 0.01% | 1,235.5% | 12 | 0.4 | 27.46 | 18.79 |
Latvia | 20.141 | 8.242 | 8.049 | 0.02% | -60.0% | 125 | 4.1 | 4.85 | 7.63 |
Lebanon | 5.977 | 16.505 | 23.102 | 0.06% | 286.5% | 2,210 | 3.8 | 27.63 | 27.71 |
Lesotho | 0.100 | 0.175 | 0.754 | 0.00% | 654.0% | 25 | 0.3 | 2.57 | 2.57 |
Liberia | 0.416 | 0.473 | 1.129 | 0.00% | 171.4% | 10 | 0.2 | 14.76 | 1.32 |
Libya | 37.143 | 56.700 | 57.584 | 0.16% | 55.0% | 33 | 9.0 | 58.94 | 58.94 |
Lituania | 35.314 | 14.075 | 15.311 | 0.04% | -56.6% | 234 | 5.3 | 10.95 | 11.59 |
Luksemburg | 11.750 | 12.156 | 9.540 | 0.03% | -18.8% | 3,689 | 16.4 | 9.04 | 9.32 |
Makau | 0.982 | 1.624 | 1.280 | 0.00% | 30.3% | 40,895 | 2.1 | ||
Madagaskar | 0.700 | 2.220 | 4.156 | 0.01% | 493.7% | 7 | 0.2 | 13.49 | 3.37 |
Makedonia Utara | 11.189 | 9.694 | 8.049 | 0.02% | -28.1% | 313 | 3.9 | 7.37 | 7.37 |
Maladewa | 0.065 | 0.479 | 0.964 | 0.00% | 1,383.1% | 3,213 | 2.2 | 1.91 | 1.91 |
Malawi | 0.457 | 1.437 | 1.572 | 0.00% | 244.0% | 13 | 0.1 | 9.71 | 1.57 |
Malaysia | 59.225 | 182.503 | 258.783 | 0.70% | 336.9% | 782 | 8.2 | 319.59 | 239.62 |
Mali | 0.383 | 0.543 | 0.951 | 0.00% | 148.3% | 1 | 0.1 | 5.62 | 5.62 |
Malta | 2.352 | 2.769 | 1.876 | 0.01% | -20.2% | 5,937 | 4.4 | 1.54 | 1.55 |
Maroko | 22.386 | 44.368 | 61.584 | 0.17% | 175.1% | 138 | 1.7 | 64.74 | 66.68 |
Martinique | 0.944 | 1.120 | 2.374 | 0.01% | 151.5% | 2,105 | 6.2 | ||
Mauritania | 0.684 | 2.911 | 2.962 | 0.01% | 333.0% | 3 | 0.7 | 2.92 | 4.00 |
Mauritius | 1.191 | 2.977 | 3.993 | 0.01% | 235.3% | 1,957 | 3.2 | 4.11 | 4.13 |
Meksiko | 290.355 | 448.171 | 507.183 | 1.37% | 74.7% | 258 | 3.9 | 486.58 | 472.14 |
Mesir | 90.783 | 176.329 | 258.668 | 0.70% | 184.9% | 258 | 2.7 | 246.56 | 246.26 |
Moldova | 31.957 | 8.139 | 8.263 | 0.02% | -74.1% | 244 | 2.0 | 8.70 | 8.59 |
Mongolia | 13.151 | 11.083 | 25.747 | 0.07% | 95.8% | 16 | 8.4 | 24.42 | 21.32 |
Mozambik | 1.183 | 2.703 | 7.754 | 0.02% | 555.5% | 10 | 0.3 | 59.47 | 6.64 |
Myanmar | 4.401 | 11.146 | 28.462 | 0.08% | 546.7% | 42 | 0.5 | 136.92 | 32.52 |
Namibia | 1.542 | 2.504 | 4.299 | 0.01% | 178.8% | 5 | 1.7 | 14.81 | 4.25 |
Nepal | 1.066 | 3.298 | 8.218 | 0.02% | 670.9% | 56 | 0.3 | 14.97 | 12.03 |
Nikaragua | 1.945 | 4.312 | 5.919 | 0.02% | 204.3% | 45 | 1.0 | 24.72 | 5.21 |
Niger | 0.875 | 0.796 | 2.497 | 0.01% | 185.4% | 2 | 0.1 | 3.53 | 2.29 |
Nigeria | 68.581 | 100.196 | 94.847 | 0.26% | 38.3% | 103 | 0.5 | 176.66 | 130.67 |
Norwegia | 51.454 | 55.403 | 52.492 | 0.14% | 2.0% | 145 | 10.0 | 18.43 | 37.35 |
Oman | 11.884 | 32.964 | 78.421 | 0.21% | 559.9% | 253 | 16.9 | 73.39 | 73.37 |
Pakistan | 66.270 | 130.354 | 197.297 | 0.53% | 197.7% | 224 | 1.0 | 215.37 | 208.37 |
Palau | 2.155 | 1.734 | 1.411 | 0.00% | -34.5% | 3,074 | 64.9 | 0.29 | 0.29 |
Panama | 2.735 | 7.204 | 12.256 | 0.03% | 348.1% | 163 | 3.0 | 14.53 | 10.14 |
Pantai Gading | 3.020 | 6.392 | 12.505 | 0.03% | 314.1% | 39 | 0.5 | 36.55 | 9.91 |
Papua Nugini | 2.307 | 4.379 | 4.351 | 0.01% | 88.6% | 9 | 0.5 | 48.46 | 7.46 |
Paraguay | 2.263 | 3.934 | 6.535 | 0.02% | 188.8% | 16 | 1.0 | 54.40 | 8.42 |
Peru | 21.039 | 31.692 | 55.931 | 0.15% | 165.8% | 44 | 1.7 | 144.07 | 54.28 |
Polandia | 371.139 | 316.256 | 319.028 | 0.86% | -14.0% | 1,020 | 8.4 | 279.83 | 312.74 |
Polinesia Prancis | 0.839 | 0.785 | 0.636 | 0.00% | -24.2% | 153 | 2.2 | ||
Portugal | 43.672 | 68.077 | 56.771 | 0.15% | 30.0% | 616 | 5.5 | 50.07 | 49.78 |
Prancis Monako |
386.214 | 408.158 | 338.193 | 0.91% | -12.4% | 528 | 5.2 | 247.98 | 309.96 |
Puerto Riko | 2.064 | 2.272 | 2.164 | 0.01% | 4.8% | 238 | 0.6 | ||
Qatar | 16.291 | 43.435 | 97.787 | 0.26% | 500.3% | 8,440 | 37.1 | 90.17 | 90.17 |
Réunion | 1.010 | 2.367 | 2.916 | 0.01% | 188.7% | 1,161 | 3.3 | ||
Republik Ceko | 162.835 | 127.157 | 109.756 | 0.30% | -32.6% | 1,392 | 10.3 | 96.66 | 102.48 |
Republik Demokratik Kongo | 3.441 | 2.589 | 3.496 | 0.01% | 1.6% | 1 | 0.0 | 603.57 | 2.20 |
Republik Dominika | 8.024 | 19.409 | 23.111 | 0.06% | 188.0% | 475 | 2.1 | 23.56 | 25.12 |
Rumania | 187.142 | 104.713 | 81.131 | 0.22% | -56.6% | 340 | 4.1 | 52.00 | 74.88 |
Rusia | 2,378.921 | 1,733.950 | 1,764.866 | 4.76% | -25.8% | 103 | 12.3 | 1,049.05 | 1,607.55 |
Rwanda | 0.525 | 0.748 | 1.106 | 0.00% | 110.7% | 42 | 0.1 | 2.73 | 1.08 |
Sahara Barat | 0.144 | 0.227 | 0.276 | 0.00% | 91.7% | 1 | 0.5 | ||
Saint Helena, Ascension, dan Tristan da Cunha | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.015 | 0.00% | 50.0% | 49 | 3.7 | ||
Saint Kitts dan Nevis | 0.034 | 0.063 | 0.238 | 0.00% | 600.0% | 912 | 4.3 | 0.26 | 0.26 |
Saint Lucia | 0.076 | 0.158 | 0.364 | 0.00% | 378.9% | 591 | 2.0 | 0.24 | 0.39 |
Saint Pierre dan Miquelon | 0.148 | 0.031 | 0.075 | 0.00% | -49.3% | 310 | 11.9 | ||
Saint Vincent dan Grenadine | 0.038 | 0.095 | 0.179 | 0.00% | 371.1% | 460 | 1.6 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
Samoa | 0.129 | 0.121 | 0.147 | 0.00% | 14.0% | 52 | 0.7 | 0.43 | 0.32 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.047 | 0.057 | 0.157 | 0.00% | 234.0% | 163 | 0.8 | 0.35 | 0.14 |
Selandia Baru | 24.006 | 36.746 | 36.795 | 0.10% | 53.3% | 136 | 7.8 | 21.59 | 32.21 |
Senegal | 2.397 | 5.800 | 9.689 | 0.03% | 304.2% | 49 | 0.6 | 14.19 | 9.86 |
Serbia dan Montenegro | 66.388 | 61.497 | 62.487 | 0.17% | -5.9% | 612 | 6.6 | 45.45/2.55 | 45.54/2.52 |
Seychelles | 0.288 | 0.678 | 0.968 | 0.00% | 236.1% | 2,142 | 10.2 | 0.61 | 0.61 |
Sierra Leone | 0.741 | 0.493 | 1.309 | 0.00% | 76.7% | 18 | 0.2 | 4.36 | 1.02 |
Singapura | 31.623 | 42.998 | 55.018 | 0.15% | 74.0% | 76,841 | 9.6 | 47.39 | 47.36 |
Siprus | 4.540 | 7.883 | 7.035 | 0.02% | 55.0% | 760 | 6.0 | 6.98 | 7.23 |
Slowakia | 60.537 | 42.194 | 37.855 | 0.10% | -37.5% | 772 | 6.9 | 31.93 | 33.00 |
Slovenia | 16.623 | 18.300 | 15.209 | 0.04% | -8.5% | 750 | 7.3 | 14.39 | 14.05 |
Somalia | 0.695 | 0.765 | 0.927 | 0.00% | 33.4% | 1 | 0.1 | 18.04 | 0.69 |
Spanyol Andorra |
229.966 | 368.948 | 282.364 | 0.76% | 22.8% | 558 | 6.1 | 244.45 | 258.34 |
Sri Lanka | 4.187 | 14.421 | 23.978 | 0.06% | 472.7% | 365 | 1.1 | 23.54 | 21.63 |
Sudan Sudan Selatan |
5.536 | 10.773 | 21.056 | 0.06% | 280.3% | 8 | 0.4 | 41.20 | 20.20 |
Suriname | 0.908 | 1.686 | 2.213 | 0.01% | 143.7% | 14 | 3.9 | 11.44 | 2.08 |
Swedia | 58.117 | 55.877 | 50.874 | 0.14% | -12.5% | 113 | 5.1 | 19.68 | 36.00 |
Swiss Liechtenstein |
44.955 | 47.161 | 39.738 | 0.11% | -11.6% | 959 | 4.7 | 35.23 | 37.48 |
Suriah | 33.876 | 25.582 | 28.377 | 0.08% | -16.2% | 153 | 1.6 | 27.92 | 27.91 |
Taiwan | 124.383 | 269.099 | 279.740 | 0.75% | 124.9% | 7,729 | 11.8 | ||
Tajikistan | 12.267 | 3.263 | 5.699 | 0.02% | -53.5% | 40 | 0.6 | 7.20 | 7.33 |
Tanjung Verde | 0.049 | 0.227 | 0.955 | 0.00% | 1,849.0% | 237 | 1.7 | 0.56 | 0.62 |
Tanzania | 2.096 | 5.780 | 14.650 | 0.04% | 599.0% | 16 | 0.3 | 75.68 | 11.58 |
Thailand | 93.009 | 225.613 | 279.296 | 0.75% | 200.3% | 544 | 4.0 | 270.90 | 257.86 |
Timor Leste | 0.130 | 0.272 | 0.422 | 0.00% | 224.6% | 28 | 0.3 | ||
Tiongkok | 2,397.048 | 6,263.064 | 10,877.218 | 29.34% | 353.8% | 1,133 | 7.7 | 9,663.36 | 10,313.46 |
Togo | 0.765 | 1.327 | 2.843 | 0.01% | 271.6% | 50 | 0.4 | 3.07 | 2.26 |
Tonga | 0.064 | 0.120 | 0.136 | 0.00% | 112.5% | 182 | 1.3 | 0.19 | 0.19 |
Trinidad dan Tobago | 14.895 | 34.450 | 37.745 | 0.10% | 153.4% | 7,358 | 27.6 | 17.88 | 17.76 |
Tunisia | 14.705 | 23.355 | 31.630 | 0.09% | 115.1% | 193 | 2.7 | 26.19 | 29.98 |
Turki | 149.893 | 246.169 | 429.563 | 1.16% | 186.6% | 548 | 5.3 | 384.32 | 412.97 |
Turkmenistan | 45.628 | 52.851 | 72.474 | 0.20% | 58.8% | 148 | 12.6 | 71.73 | 71.73 |
Uganda | 0.644 | 1.664 | 5.042 | 0.01% | 682.9% | 21 | 0.1 | 21.95 | 6.13 |
Ukraina | 783.210 | 354.429 | 205.723 | 0.55% | -73.7% | 341 | 4.7 | 173.18 | 185.37 |
Uni Eropa | 4,409.339 | 4,249.995 | 3,548.345 | 9.57% | -19.5% | 793 | 7.0 | 2,636.98 | 2,871 |
Uni Emirat Arab | 56.922 | 122.395 | 202.802 | 0.55% | 256.3% | 2,426 | 21.6 | 200.30 | 200.30 |
Uruguay | 3.893 | 5.483 | 6.930 | 0.02% | 78.0% | 39 | 2.0 | 4.75 | 6.52 |
Uzbekistan | 123.106 | 116.386 | 95.350 | 0.26% | -22.5% | 213 | 3.0 | 108.72 | 112.09 |
Vanuatu | 0.130 | 0.063 | 0.091 | 0.00% | -30.0% | 7 | 0.3 | 0.17 | 0.17 |
Venezuela | 109.268 | 152.464 | 145.877 | 0.39% | 33.5% | 159 | 4.6 | 181.29 | 138.16 |
Vietnam | 20.182 | 99.231 | 218.729 | 0.59% | 983.8% | 660 | 2.3 | 245.36 | 257.86 |
Yaman | 6.887 | 21.768 | 12.503 | 0.03% | 81.5% | 24 | 0.4 | 9.31 | 9.31 |
Yordania | 10.208 | 19.755 | 24.565 | 0.07% | 140.6% | 275 | 2.5 | 24.70 | 24.70 |
Yunani | 79.201 | 104.835 | 72.145 | 0.19% | -8.9% | 547 | 6.5 | 66.68 | 65.29 |
Zambia | 2.955 | 2.457 | 4.967 | 0.01% | 68.1% | 7 | 0.3 | 40.47 | 7.74 |
Zimbabwe | 17.178 | 11.388 | 12.087 | 0.03% | -29.6% | 31 | 0.7 | 99.43 | 12.27 |
Lihat juga
suntingCatatan dan referensi
sunting- ^ Evans, Simon (5 October 2021). "Analysis: Which countries are historically responsible for climate change? / Historical responsibility for climate change is at the heart of debates over climate justice". CarbonBrief.org. Carbon Brief. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 October 2021.
Source: Carbon Brief analysis of figures from the Global Carbon Project, CDIAC, Our World in Data, Carbon Monitor, Houghton and Nassikas (2017) and Hansis et al (2015).
- ^ Schrooten, L; De Vlieger, Ina; Int Panis, Luc; Styns, R. Torfs, K; Torfs, R (2008). "Inventory and forecasting of maritime emissions in the Belgian sea territory, an activity based emission model". Atmospheric Environment. 42 (4): 667–676. Bibcode:2008AtmEn..42..667S. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.071.
- ^ Oak Ridge National Laboratory. "TRENDS Online - Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land-Use Change". cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. Diakses tanggal 2020-01-19.
- ^ "EDGAR - Methodology - European Commission". edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-12-31. Diakses tanggal 2019-12-31.
- ^ "China's Emissions: More Than U.S. Plus Europe, and Still Rising". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2018-01-25.
- ^ "Chinese coal fuels rise in global carbon emissions". The Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2017-11-14.
- ^ "Yes, The U.S. Leads All Countries in Reducing Carbon Emissions". Forbes (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2017-10-24.
- ^ "World carbon dioxide emissions data by country: China speeds ahead of the rest". The Guardian (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2011-01-31.
- ^ "China now no. 1 in CO2 emissions; USA in second position". PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-08-15.
- ^ Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (11 May 2017). "CO₂ and other Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Our World in Data. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 July 2019.
The key drawback of measuring the total national emissions is that it takes no account of the nation's population size. China is currently the world’s largest emitter, but since it also has the largest population, all being equal we would expect this to be the case. To make a fair comparison of contributions, we have to therefore compare emissions in terms of CO2 emitted per person.
- ^ Palau at 64.9, US at 15.7, and China at 7.7 tonnes per capita in 2017. See "Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries - 2018 Report". Publications Office of the European Union. 22 November 2018. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-10.
- ^ See the "CO2 embedded in trade" paragraph in Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (11 May 2017). "CO₂ and other Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Our World in Data. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 July 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Historical GHG Emissions". Climate Watch. Diakses tanggal 2021-06-15.
- ^ "Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries - 2018 Report". Publications Office of the European Union. 22 November 2018. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-10.
Pranala luar
sunting- Millennium Development Goals Indicators – Divisi Statistik Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa
- GHG data from UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data
- CO2 emissions in kilotons – World Bank
- CO2 emissions in metric tons per capita – Penjelajah Data Publik Google