Naturlig klippebue
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Delicate_Arch_LaSalle.jpg/300px-Delicate_Arch_LaSalle.jpg)
En naturlig bue, naturlig klippebue eller blot klippebue er landskabsform, hvor en bue er blevet skabt med en åbning nedenunder. Naturlige klippebuer skabes normalt hvor klipper bliver udsat fra erosion fra havet, floder eller forvitring.
De fleste naturlige klippebuer dannes af smalle finner af klippe eller stakke der består af sandsten eller kalksten med stejle, ofte vertikale, klippesider. Formationerne bliver smallere som følge af erosion over en geologisk tidsskala. Den blødere klippestratum eroderer væk og skaber klippefremspring eller alkover på hver side af formationen under et relativt hårdere stratum. Alkoverne eroderer yderligere fra hver side indtil de mødes og skaber buen. Erosionsprocessen udnytter svagheder i den blødere klippe og skaber sprækker og fjerner materiale hurtigere end den hårdere klippe ovenover; klippebuen over fortsætter dog med at erodere og vil til sidst kollapse.
Den største naturlige klippebue er Xianrenbroen i Kina, der har et spænd på 122 ± 5 meter.[1]
Notable naturlige buer
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]Afrika
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/TadrartRouge3.jpg/220px-TadrartRouge3.jpg)
- Aloba Arch, Tchad
- Boatswain Bird Island, Ascension Island
- Bogenfels, Namibia
- Goedehoop natural rock bridge, Sydafrika
- Hole-in-the-Wall, Øst-Kapprovinsen, Sydafrika
- Tassili n'Ajjer og Tadrart Rouge, to bjergkæder med mange buer, Algeriet
- Tukuyu naturlig bro, Tanzania
- Wolfberg Arch, Cederberg, Vest-Kapprovinsen, Sydafrika
Antarktis
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- Kerguelen Arch, Christmas Harbour, på Kerguelen Islands (kollapsede omkring 1910)[2]
- Scott Island i ved Antarktis har en naturlig bue
Asien
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- Arch Cave, Galilee, Israel
- Burdah Bridge, Wadi Rum, Jordan
- Baatara gorge waterfall i Tannourine, Libanon har tre naturlige buer
- Engetsu Island, Shirahama, Wakayama, Japan
- Hawrah Natural Bridge, Neill Island, Andaman Islands, Indien
- Hazarchishma Natural Bridge, Bamyan Province, Afghanistan
- Jabal Umm Fruth Bridge, Jordan
- Jebel Kharaz, Wadi Rum, Jordan
- "Jisr al-Hajar" eller "Stone Bridge" i Mzaar Kfardebian, Libanon
- Elephant Trunk Hill, Guilin, Guangxi province, China
- Moon Hill, Guangxi-provinsen, Kina
- Natural Arch, Tirumala hills, Tirumala, Indien
- The Pigeons' Rock kendt som Raouché i Beirut, Libanon
- Punarjani Guha, naturlig tunnel i Thrissur distriktet i Kerala, Indien
- Rock Bridge of Gulanchwadi, Narayangaon, Maharashtra, Indien[3]
- Shipton's Arch, Xinjiang, Kina
- Steller's Arch på Bering Ø, Rusland
- Tianmen Mountain, Zhangjiajie, Kina
- Xianren Bridge, Kina
- The Great White Hole of Krabi, Krabi, Thailand[4]
- Mountain Angel Eye, Cao Bằng, Vietnam[5]
Europa
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Es_pontas_2.jpg/220px-Es_pontas_2.jpg)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Durdle_Door_Dorset_Sunset.jpg/220px-Durdle_Door_Dorset_Sunset.jpg)
- Albandeira Arch, Lagoa, Algarve, Portugal
- Arco Naturale, Capri, Italien
- Azure Window, Gozo, Malta[6] (kollapset i 2017)
- Blå vindue eller Sælhulen i den Korinthiske Bugt, ud for Alkyoniderne, Grækenland
- Bow Fiddle Rock, Portknockie, Skotland
- Chaos de Montpellier-le-Vieux, Frankrig
- Drangarnir, Færøerne
- Durdle Door, Dorset, England
- Dyrhólaey, Island
- Els Arcs, Castell de Castells, Spanien
- Es Pontàs, Spanien
- Étretat, Frankrig
- Forunderlige broer, Bulgarien
- Geropotamos-brøn, Kreta, Grækenland
- Għar Qawqla, Gozo, Malta (kollapset i 1900-tallet)
- Green Bridge of Wales, Pembrokeshire, Wales
- Hajdučka vrata, Čvrsnica, Bosnien og Herzegovina
- Inland Sea, Gozo, Malta[6]
- KKuhstall, Tyskland
- Lalaria beach arch, Skiathos Island, Grækenland
- Malá Pravčická brána, Czech Republic
- Marinha Beach, Caramujeira, Lagoa, Algarve, Portugal
- Marsden Rock, South Shields, England (kollapset i 1996)
- Monte Forato, Tuscany, Italien
- Ófærufoss, Island (kollapset i vinteren 1992/1993)
- Pistyll Rhaeadr, Wales
- Ponoarele, Rumænien (Podul lui Dumnezeu, eller Guds Bro)
- Pont d'Arc, Frankrig
- Pravčická brána, Tjekkiet
- Trypitòs-buen på Paxi, Grækenland
- Wied il-Mielaħ Window, Gozo, Malta[6]
Nordamerika
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]Canada
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/QC_Gaspesie_RocherPerce_tango7174.jpg/220px-QC_Gaspesie_RocherPerce_tango7174.jpg)
Caribbean
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- Natural Bridge, Aruba (kollapset i 2005)
Mexico
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]USA
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hawaii_Volcanoes_National_Park_02.jpg/220px-Hawaii_Volcanoes_National_Park_02.jpg)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Landscape_Arch_Utah_%2850MP%29.jpg/220px-Landscape_Arch_Utah_%2850MP%29.jpg)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Utah_Rainbow_Arch.jpg/220px-Utah_Rainbow_Arch.jpg)
- Anacapa Island, Channel Islands National Park, Californien
- Angel Arch, Utah
- Arch Creek, Florida
- Arch Rock, Michigan
- Ayres Natural Bridge Park, Wyoming
- Bell Smith Springs, Illinois
- Blackwater Natural Bridge, Wyoming
- Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah
- Corona Arch, Utah
- Creelsboro Natural Bridge, Kentucky
- Delicate Arch, Utah
- Druid Arch, Utah
- Eye of the Needle, Montana
- Goat Rock Beach, Californien
- Grosvenor Arch, Utah
- Holei Sea Arch, Hawaii Volcanoes nationalpark, Hawaii
- Honopū Arch, Hawaii
- Koger Arch, Kentucky[8]
- Kolob Arch, Zion National Park, Utah
- Landscape Arch, Utah
- Mesa Arch, Utah
- Natural Arch, Kentucky[9][10]
- Natural Bridge, Virginia
- Natural Bridge Caverns, Texas
- Natural Bridge of Arkansas[11]
- Natural Bridge Park, Alabama
- Natural Bridge State Park, Kentucky
- Natural Bridge State Park, Massachusetts
- Natural Bridge State Park, Wisconsin
- Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah
- Natural Bridges State Beach, Californien
- Rainbow Bridge National Monument, Utah
- Rattlesnake Canyon, Colorado
- Rialto Beach, Olympic National Park, Washington
- Rock Bridge Memorial State Park, Missouri
- Rockbridge State Nature Preserve, Ohio
- Sewanee Natural Bridge, Tennessee
- Sipapu Bridge, Utah
- An arch at Tettegouche State Park, Minnesota, kollapset i 2010.[12]
- Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon
- Tonto Natural Bridge, Arizona
- Twin Arches, Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Tennessee[13]
- Window Rock, Arizona
- Wrather Arch, Arizona
- Yahoo Arch, Kentucky
Oceanien
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Hole_In_The_Rock_In_Bay_Of_Islands.jpg/220px-Hole_In_The_Rock_In_Bay_Of_Islands.jpg)
Australien
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- London Arch, Port Campbell National Park, Victoria, Australien (en af de to buer kollapsede i 1990)
- Natural Bridge, Springbrook National Park, Queensland, Australien
- Nature's Window, Kalbarri National Park. Western Australia, Australien
New Zealand
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- Mangapohue Natural Bridge, New Zealand
- Oparara Basin Arches, New Zealand
- "The Hole in the Rock", Piercy Island, Cape Brett, New Zealand
- Tunnel Beach arch, Dunedin, New Zealand
Sydamerika
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- Arch Islands, Falklandsøerne
- Darwin's Arch, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (kollapset i 2021)
- Icononzo, Colombia
- La Portada, Chile
- Pedra Furada, Ceará, Brasilien
- Pedra Furada, Piauí, Brasilien
- Pedra Furada, Santa Catarina, Brasilien
- Puente del Inca, Argentina
- Sete Cidades National Park, Brasilien
- San Rafael Falls, Ecuador (dannet i 2020, kollapset i 2021)
Referencer
[redigér | rediger kildetekst]- ^ Big 14 Tour - Fairy Bridge Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine, The Natural Arch and Bridge Society
- ^ "Kerguelen Islands, French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Part 1) - Iles Kerguelen, TAAF". www.discoverfrance.net. Arkiveret fra originalen 17. januar 2012.
{{cite web}}
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(hjælp) - ^ Offbeat Tracks in Maharashtra - A Travel Guide - Book by Milind Gunaji ISBN 81-7154-669-2
- ^ "Gallery - Thailand - White Hole". www.naturalarches.org. Arkiveret fra originalen 4. marts 2017.
- ^ https://caobangtourism.vn/en/matthannuicbg
- ^ a b c Ian Ellis, red. (2011). Richard Ellis - The Photography Collection: Malta & Gozo. Vol. 4. s. 100. ISBN 978-99957-33-29-2. Arkiveret fra originalen 30. april 2016.
- ^ "The Worlds Longest Natural Spans". www.naturalarches.org. Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Arkiveret fra originalen 25. december 2016. Hentet 10. januar 2017.
- ^ "Koger Arch, Kentucky" Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
- ^ "Natural Arch". Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists. Arkiveret fra originalen 23. december 2015. Hentet 23. december 2015.
- ^ "Natural Arch of Kentucky" Arkiveret 19. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
- ^ "Natural Bridge | Arkansas.com". www.arkansas.com. Hentet 2020-11-24.
- ^ "Sea stack at Tettegouche toppled by powerful winter storm" 2019-12-02
- ^ "Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area: Twin Arches". nps.gov. April 14, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018.