Cercopithecidae
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Ordo : Primates
Subordo : Haplorhini
Infraordo : Simiiformes
Parvordo : Catarrhini
Superfamilia : Cercopithecoidea
Familia : Cercopithecidae
Gray, 1821[1]
Cercopithecidae sunt familia mammalium ordinis Primatum, cui sunt 138 species in viginti quattuor genera digestae, ut hic sit maxima familiae primatum. Inter latissime notas cercopithecidas sunt genera Papio et Macaca, praeter Miopithecum, Cercopithecum, Colobum, Pygathrigem, Chlorocebum pygerythrum, Theropithecum gelada, papioninos, colobinas, mandrillum, Presbytidem, Erythrocebum patas, et Nasalem larvatum. Hominoideis per rationes phylogeneticas plus quam platyrrhinis artius coniunguntur. A communi platyrrhinorum progenitore abhinc annorum 55 milliones fere deflexerunt.
Minimae cercopithecidae sunt species generis Miopitheci, capite et corpore a 34 ad 37 centimetra longis, a 0.7 ad 1.3 chiliogrammata ponderis. Maxima est Mandrillus sphinx mas, circiter 70 centimetra longus, et usque ad 50 chiliogrammata ponderis.[2] Cercopithecidis sunt variae faciei proprietates: aliis est rostrum, aliis nasus planus; multae colores exhibent; plurimis sunt caudae, sed non prehensiles.
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Cercopithecidae in Africa et Asia hodie endemicae sunt, varia circumiecta naturalia habitantes, inter quae silvae pluviales tropicae, savannae, terrae fruticum, et terrae montanae. Multas regiones Europaeas olim habitabant, sed soli superstites in Europa hodierna sunt Macaca sylvanus Gibraltariae; ignotum est, num in Gibraltaria ortae aut ad paeninsulam Ibericam ab hominibus importatae fuerint.
Nonnullae Cercopithecidae, sicut colobi, arboreales, aliaeque terrestria sunt, insigniter papiones. Plurimae sunt saltem aliquantulum omnivorae, sed omnes materiem plantarum malunt, quae maior eorum diaetarum pars est. Plurimae sunt callidi occasionis indagatores, fructus plerumque consumentes, sed paene omnibus cibis, qui praesto sunt, sicut floribus, foliis, bulbis, rhizomatibus, insectis, cochleis, parvis mammalibus,[2] etiam adeo quisquiliis donisque humanis vescuntur.
Classificatio
[recensere | fontem recensere]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NILGIRI_LANGUR_Trachypithecus_johnii.jpg/220px-NILGIRI_LANGUR_Trachypithecus_johnii.jpg)
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Duae subfamiliae agnoscuntur, Cercopithecinae, quae plerumque Africanae sunt, sed diversum macacarum Asiae Africaeque Septentrionalis genus comprehendunt, et Colobinae, quae plurima genera Asiana, sed etiam colobos Africanos comprehendunt. Classificatio Linnaeana, in superfamilia incipiens, sequitur.
- Superfamilia Cercopithecoidea
- † Alophe
- Familia Cercopithecidae
- Subfamilia Cercopithecinae
- Tribus Cercopithecini
- Genus Allenopithecus
- Genus Miopithecus
- Genus Erythrocebus
- Genus Chlorocebus
- Genus Cercopithecus
- Cercopithecus dryas
- Cercopithecus diana
- Cercopithecus roloway
- Cercopithecus nictitans
- Cercopithecus mitis
- Cercopithecus doggetti
- Cercopithecus kandti
- Cercopithecus albogularis
- Cercopithecus mona
- Cercopithecus campbelli
- Cercopithecus lowei
- Cercopithecus pogonias
- Cercopithecus wolfi
- Cercopithecus denti
- Cercopithecus petaurista
- Cercopithecus erythrogaster
- Cercopithecus sclateri
- Cercopithecus erythrotis
- Cercopithecus cephus
- Cercopithecus ascanius
- Cercopithecus lhoesti
- Cercopithecus preussi
- Cercopithecus solatus
- Cercopithecus hamlyni
- Cercopithecus lomamiensis
- Cercopithecus neglectus
- Tribus Papionini
- Genus Macaca
- Macaca sylvanus
- Macaca silenus
- Macaca nemestrina
- Macaca leonina
- Macaca pagensis
- Macaca siberu
- Macaca maura
- Macaca ochreata
- Macaca tonkeana
- Macaca hecki
- Macaca nigrescens
- Macaca nigra
- Macaca fascicularis
- Macaca arctoides
- Macaca mulatta
- Macaca cyclopis
- Macaca fuscata
- Macaca sinica
- Macaca radiata
- Macaca assamensis
- Macaca thibetana
- Macaca munzala
- Macaca leucogenys
- Genus Lophocebus
- Genus Rungwecebus
- Genus Papio
- Genus Theropithecus
- Genus Cercocebus
- Genus Mandrillus
- Genus Macaca
- Tribus Cercopithecini
- Subfamilia Colobinae
- Grex Africanus
- Genus Colobus
- Genus Piliocolobus
- Genus Procolobus
- Grex
- Genus Semnopithecus
- Genus Trachypithecus
- Grex T. vetulus
- Grex T. cristatus
- Grex T. obscurus
- Trachypithecus obscurus
- Trachypithecus phayrei
- Grex T. pileatus
- Grex T. francoisi
- Genus Presbytis
- Grex nasorum imparium
- Genus Pygathrix
- Genus Rhinopithecus
- Genus Nasalis
- Genus Simias
- Genus † Mesopithecus
- Grex Africanus
- Subfamilia Cercopithecinae
Systemata socialia
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In plurimis speciebus filiae cum matribus continuo manent, qua pro causa fundamentalis grex socialis inter cercopithecidas matrilinealis recte describitur. Mares adolescentes gregem relinquunt et se cum alio grege consociant. In multis speciebus, unus mas adultus intra quemque gregem solus habitat, omnes rivales abigens, sed mares potentissimi in aliis speciebus magis tolerantes sunt, coniunctiones hierarchicas inter mares auctoritate pollentis maresque subiectos constituentes. Magnitudines gregum late variant, etiam intra species, in copia cibi aliorumque opium naturalium positae.[2]
Notae
[recensere | fontem recensere]- ↑ Gray, J. E. (1821). "On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals". London Medical Repository 15 (1): 296–310.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Brandon-Jones, Douglas & Rowell, Thelma E. (1984). Macdonald, D.. ed. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Novi Eboraci: Facts on File. pp. 370–405. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.
Bibliographia
[recensere | fontem recensere]- Brandon-Jones, Douglas, et Thelma E. Rowell. 1984. "Guenons, Macaques and Baboons." In The Encyclopedia of Mammals. ed. David W. Macdonald, 370–405. Novi Eboraci: Facts on File. ISBN 0-87196-871-1. Editio interretialis.
- Ciani, Andrea Camperio, Loredana Martinoli, Claudio Capiluppi, Mohamed Arahou, et Mohamed Mouna. N.d. "Effects of Water Availability and Habitat Quality on Bark-Stripping Behavior in Barbary Macaques." Conservation Biology 15 (1): 259–65.
- Gray, J. E. 1821. "On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals." London Medical Repository 15 (1): 296–310.
- Groves, C. P. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Ed. tertia, ed. D. E. Wilson et D. M. Reeder, 152–178. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- Perelman, Polina, Warren E. Johnson, Christian Roos, Hector N. Seuánez, Julie E. Horvath, Miguel A. M. Moreira, Bailey Kessing, Joan Pontius, Melody Roelke, Yves Rumpler, Maria Paula C. Schneider, Artur Silva, Stephen J. O'Brien, et Jill Pecon-Slattery. 2011. "Molecular Phylogeny of Living Primates." PLoS Genetics 7 (3): e1001342, doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001342
- Rasmussen, David Tab, Anthony R. Friscia, Mercedes Gutierrez, John Kappelman, Ellen R. Miller, Samuel Muteti, Dawn Reynoso, James B. Rossie, Terry L. Spell, Neil J. Tabor, Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch, Bonnie F. Jacobs, Benson Kyongo, Mathew Macharwas, et Francis Muchemi. 2019. "Primitive Old World monkey from the earliest Miocene of Kenya and the evolution of cercopithecoid bilophodonty." PNAS 116 (13): 6051–56. doi:10.1073/pnas.1815423116.
- Rasmussen, David Tab, Anthony R. Friscia, Mercedes Gutierrez, John Kappelman, Ellen R. Miller, Samuel Muteti, Dawn Reynoso, James B. Rossie, Terry L. Spell, Neil J. Tabor, Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch, Bonnie F. Jacobs, Benson Kyongo, Mathew Macharwas, et Francis Muchemi. 2019. "Correction for Rasmussen et al., Primitive Old World monkey from the earliest Miocene of Kenya and the evolution of cercopithecoid bilophodonty." PNAS 116 (24): 12109. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907208116.
- Rowe, Noel, et Marc Myers, eds. 2016.All the world's primates. Praefatio Ioannae Goodall; introductio Russell A. Mittermeier et Anthony B. Rylands; notae de taxinomia primatum et notionibus specierum Colin Groves. Charlestown Insulae Rhodensis: Pogonias Press. ISBN 9781940496054, ISBN 1940496055, ISBN 9781940496061, ISBN 1940496063.
- Setchell, Joanna M., et Alan F. Dixson. 2002. "Developmental variables and dominance rank in adolescent male mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)." American Journal of Primatology 56 (1): 9–25.
- Whitehead, Paul F., et Clifford J. Jolly, eds. 2006. Old World Monkeys. Cantabrigiae et Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521028097, ISBN 0521028094.
Nexus externi
[recensere | fontem recensere]![]() |
Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Cercopithecidas spectant. |
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Vide "Cercopithecidas" apud Vicispecies. |
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Vide "Cercopithecoidea" apud Vicispecies. |
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Situs scientifici: • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • Fossilworks |