The Rosablanca Formation (Spanish: Formación Rosablanca, Kir) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes and the Middle Magdalena Basin. The formation consists of grey limestones, dolomites and shales with at the upper part sandstones. The formation dates to the Early Cretaceous period; Valanginian epoch and has a thickness of 425 metres (1,394 ft) in the valley of the Sogamoso River.
Rosablanca Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Valanginian ~ | |
Type | Geological formation |
Underlies | Paja Fm., Ritoque Fm. |
Overlies | Cumbres Fm., Girón Fm., Los Medios Fm. |
Thickness | ~470 m (1,540 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandstone |
Other | Shale |
Location | |
Coordinates | 4°27′07″N 74°03′20″W / 4.45194°N 74.05556°W |
Region | Altiplano Cundiboyacense Eastern Ranges, Andes |
Country | ![]() |
Type section | |
Named by | Wheeler |
Location | Mesa de Los Santos |
Year defined | 1929 |
Coordinates | 4°27′07″N 74°03′20″W / 4.45194°N 74.05556°W |
Region | Boyacá, Santander |
Country | ![]() |
Definition
editThe formation was first defined by Wheeler in 1929.[1]
Description
editLithologies
editThe Rosablanca Formation is characterised by a sequence of grey limestones, dolomites and shales with a maximum thickness of 425 metres (1,394 ft) in the Sogamoso River valley.[1]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment
editThe Rosablanca Formation overlies the Arcabuco Formation and is overlain by the Ritoque Formation. The age has been estimated to be Valanginian. Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the Macanal Formation.[1]
Fossils
editFossils of the decapod crustacean Diaulax rosablanca have been found in and named after the Rosablanca Formation.[2] In 2019, fossils of brachiopodSellithyris elizabetha were described from the formation.[3] In 2020 remains of indeterminate pterosaurs were described from the formation, including pterodactyloids and non-Pteranodontian ornithocheiroids.[4] In 2005 the remains of Platychelyid sea turtle Notoemys zapatocaensis were described,[5] and in 2023 the limbs and shell elements of protostegids were described as some of the largest Early Cretaceous turtles.[6]
Outcrops
editThe Rosablanca Formation is found, apart from its type locality on the Mesa de Los Santos, Santander, in Boyacá and the Middle Magdalena Basin.
Regional correlations
edit
- Legend
- group
- important formation
- fossiliferous formation
- minor formation
- (age in Ma)
- proximal Llanos (Medina)[note 1]
- distal Llanos (Saltarin 1A well)[note 2]
See also
editNotes and references
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Galvis & Valencia, 2009, p.17
- ^ Gómez et al., 2015
- ^ Rojas & Sandy, 2019
- ^ Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Unwin, David M.; Martill, David M. (2020-10-01). "Lower Cretaceous pterosaurs from Colombia". Cretaceous Research. 114: 104526. Bibcode:2020CrRes.11404526C. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104526. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 224886977.
- ^ E. A. Cadena Rueda, E. S. Gaffney (2005). "Notoemys zapatocaensis, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pleurodira: Platychelyidae) from the Early Cretaceous of Colombia". American Museum Novitates (3470): 1–19. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2005)470<0001:NZANST>2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Combita-Romero, Diego A (2023-07-12). "The onset of large size in Cretaceous marine turtles (Protostegidae) evidenced by new fossil remains from the Valanginian of Colombia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad053. ISSN 0024-4082.
- ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.27
- ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.50
- ^ a b García González et al., 2009, p.85
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Barrero et al., 2007, p.60
- ^ a b c d e f g h Barrero et al., 2007, p.58
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.29
- ^ a b Plancha 177, 2015, p.39
- ^ a b Plancha 111, 2001, p.26
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.24
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.23
- ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.32
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.30
- ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.21-26
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.28
- ^ Correa Martínez et al., 2019, p.49
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.27
- ^ Terraza et al., 2008, p.22
- ^ Plancha 229, 2015, pp.46-55
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.26
- ^ Moreno Sánchez et al., 2009, p.53
- ^ Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.43
- ^ Manosalva Sánchez et al., 2017, p.84
- ^ a b Plancha 303, 2002, p.24
- ^ a b Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.42
- ^ Arango Mejía et al., 2012, p.25
- ^ Plancha 350, 2011, p.49
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.17-21
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.13
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.23
- ^ Plancha 348, 2015, p.38
- ^ Planchas 367-414, 2003, p.35
- ^ Toro Toro et al., 2014, p.22
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.21
- ^ a b c d Bonilla et al., 2016, p.19
- ^ Gómez Tapias et al., 2015, p.209
- ^ a b Bonilla et al., 2016, p.22
- ^ a b Duarte et al., 2019
- ^ García González et al., 2009
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001
- ^ García González et al., 2009, p.60
Bibliography
edit- Galvis Arenas, Beatriz Elena; Valencia Escobar, José Leonardo (2009), Contribución en la determinación de los posibles paleoambientes de las rocas Cretáceas Tempranas sobre la vía Tunja-Villa de Leyva (entre Alto del Arrayán - Peaje Sáchica) y sectores aledaños, departamento de Boyacá, Universidad de Caldas, pp. 1–127
- Gómez Cruz, Arley de Jesús; Bermúdez, Hermann D.; Vega, Francisco J. (2015), "A new species of Diaulax Bell, 1863 (Brachyura: Dialucidae) in the Early Cretaceous of the Rosablanca Formation, Colombia", Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 67: 103–112, doi:10.18268/BSGM2015v67n1a8, retrieved 2017-04-04
- Rojas, Alexis; Sandy, Michael R. (2019), "Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) brachiopods from the Rosablanca Formation, Colombia, South America: Biostratigraphic significance and paleogeographic implications", Cretaceous Research, 96: 184–195, Bibcode:2019CrRes..96..184R, doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.12.011, retrieved 2019-02-11
- Villamil, Tomas (2012), Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), pp. 161–216
Maps
edit- Bernal Vargas, Luis Enrique; Mantilla Figueroa, Luis Carlos (2006), Plancha 85 - Simití - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Bernal Vargas, Luis Enrique; Mantilla Figueroa, Luis Carlos (2006), Plancha 96 - Bocas del Rosario - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Vargas, Rodrigo; Arias, Alfonso (2009), Plancha 97 - Cáchira - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Beltrán, Alejandro; Quintero, Claudia I. (2008), Plancha 119 - Barrancabermeja - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Ward, Dwight E.; Goldsmith, Richard; Jimeno, Andrés; Cruz, Jaime; Restrepo, Hernán; Gómez, Eduardo (2010), Plancha 120 - Bucaramanga - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Beltrán, Alejandro; Lancheros, José Alfredo; López, Carolina; Chaquea, Claudia; Patiño, Alejandro; Guerra, Angela; Cabrera, Julio C.; Quintero, Claudia I.; Molano, Simón Emilio (2008), Plancha 134 - Puerto Parra - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Angarita, Leonidas; Carrillo, Víctor; Castro, Alfonso; Daconte, Rommel; Niño, Mario; Pulido, Orlando G.; Rodríguez, J. Antonio; Royero, José María; Salinas, Carlos Ulloa and Rodrigo Vargas, Rosalba (2009), Plancha 135 - San Gil - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Beltrán, Alejandro; Lancheros, José Alfredo; López, Carolina; Chaquea, Claudia; Patiño, Alejandro; Guerra, Angela; Cabrera, Julio C.; Quintero, Claudia I.; Molano, Simón Emilio (2008), Plancha 150 - Cimitarra - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Pulido González, Orlando (2009), Plancha 151 - Charalá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo (2009), Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Renzoni, Giancarlo; Rosas, Humberto (2009), Plancha 171 - Duitama - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Fuquen M., Jaime A; Osorno M, José F. (2009), Plancha 190 - Chiquinquirá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Renzoni, Giancarlo; Rosas, Humberto; Etayo Serna, Fernando (1998), Plancha 191 - Tunja - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
External links
edit- Gómez, J.; Montes, N.E.; Nivia, Á.; Diederix, H. (2015), Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, Servicio Geológico Colombiano, p. 1, retrieved 2017-03-16