Tyrannides (New World suboscines) is a clade of passerine birds that are endemic to the Americas.[1] The group likely originated in South America during the Eocene, about 45 million years ago.[2]

Tyrannides
Guianan cock-of-the-rock (Rupicola rupicola)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Suborder: Tyranni
Infraorder: Tyrannides
Families

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Taxonomy

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The Tyrannides is divided into two clades (Furnariida and Tyrannida) that contain eleven families.[3][4] The families listed here are those recognised by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).[5]

Phylogeny

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The cladogram below showing the family level phylogenetic relationships of the Tyrannides is based on a molecular genetic study by Carl Oliveros and collaborators published in 2019.[4] The families and species numbers are from the list maintained by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).[5]

Tyrannides
Tyrannida

Pipridae – 55 species (manakins)

Cotingidae – 66 species (cotingas)

Tityridae – 45 species (tityras, becards)

Tyrannidae – 447 species (tyrant flycatchers)

Furnariida

Melanopareiidae – 5 species (crescentchests)

Conopophagidae – 12 species (gnateaters)

Thamnophilidae – 238 species (antbirds)

Grallariidae – 68 species (antpittas)

Rhinocryptidae – 65 species (tapaculos)

Formicariidae – 12 species (antthrushes)

Furnariidae – 315 species (ovenbirds)

References

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  1. ^ Ohlson, J.I. et al. (2013) Phylogeny and classification of the New World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3613:1-35. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3613.1.1.
  2. ^ Claramunt, S.; Cracraft, J. (2015). "A new time tree reveals Earth history's imprint on the evolution of modern birds". Science Advances. 1 (11): e1501005. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501005. PMC 4730849.
  3. ^ Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015) A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 88:1-15.
  4. ^ a b Oliveros, C.H.; et al. (2019). "Earth history and the passerine superradiation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (16): 7916–7925. doi:10.1073/pnas.1813206116. PMC 6475423. PMID 30936315.
  5. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2020). "Family Index". IOC World Bird List Version 10.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 April 2020.