calma
Catalan
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, but this is uncertain.
Noun
editcalma f (plural calmes)
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editOf pre-Roman origin.
Noun
editcalma f (plural calmes)
- a high treeless plateau
Hypernyms
editEtymology 3
editVerb
editcalma
- inflection of calmar:
Further reading
edit- “calma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
French
editVerb
editcalma
- third-person singular past historic of calmer
Anagrams
editGalician
editEtymology
editFrom Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcalma f (uncountable)
- calm, especially of the sea or sky
- stillness
- peace, quietude
- Synonyms: paz, serenidade, tranquilidade
Related terms
editIrish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).[2]
Adjective
editcalma
Declension
editSingular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | calma | chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Vocative | chalma | calma | ||
Genitive | calma | calma | calma | |
Dative | calma; chalma¹ |
chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Comparative | níos calma | |||
Superlative | is calma |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma). Compare French calme, English calm.
Adjective
editcalma
Declension
editSingular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | calma | chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Vocative | chalma | calma | ||
Genitive | calma | calma | calma | |
Dative | calma; chalma¹ |
chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Comparative | níos calma | |||
Superlative | is calma |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Noun
editcalma m (genitive singular calma)
- Alternative form of calm (“calm”)
Declension
edit
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Mutation
editIrish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
calma | chalma | gcalma |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 138, page 53
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “calma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “calma”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “calma”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Italian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editOrigin uncertain. Possibly from Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, heat of the sun”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *kalmaz (“frozenness, cold”).
Noun
editcalma f (plural calme)
Related terms
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
editcalma f sg
Etymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editcalma
- inflection of calmare:
Anagrams
editMiddle Irish
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcalma
Inflection
editThis adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editDescendants
editNoun
editcalma f
Inflection
editThis noun needs an inflection-table template.
Synonyms
editMutation
editMiddle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
calma | chalma | calma pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit
Etymology 1
editFrom Late Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”). Possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, although the word was found in Ibero-Romance as early as in Italian.
Noun
editcalma f (plural calmas)
- calm
- tranquility
- (obsolete, literature) heat produced by the sun
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
editcalma
Etymology 3
editVerb
editcalma
- inflection of calmar:
Romanian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Verb
edita calma (third-person singular present calmează, past participle calmat) 1st conj.
- to calm
- (reflexive) to calm oneself, calm down, settle down
Conjugation
editinfinitive | a calma | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calmând | ||||||
past participle | calmat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | calmez | calmezi | calmează | calmăm | calmați | calmează | |
imperfect | calmam | calmai | calma | calmam | calmați | calmau | |
simple perfect | calmai | calmași | calmă | calmarăm | calmarăți | calmar�� | |
pluperfect | calmasem | calmaseși | calmase | calmaserăm | calmaserăți | calmaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să calmez | să calmezi | să calmeze | să calmăm | să calmați | să calmeze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | calmează | calmați | |||||
negative | nu calma | nu calmați |
Synonyms
editRelated terms
editScottish Gaelic
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcalma
References
edit- Edward Dwelly (1911) “calma”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary][1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Spanish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editUltimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), through Late Latin cauma. Possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, although the word was found in Ibero-Romance as early as in Italian.
Noun
editcalma f (plural calmas)
- calm, stillness, peacefulness
- tranquility, peace and quiet
- Synonym: tranquilidad
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
editcalma
Verb
editcalma
- inflection of calmar:
Further reading
edit- “calma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms derived from Late Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- ca:Landforms
- French non-lemma forms
- French verb forms
- Galician terms derived from Late Latin
- Galician terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Galician terms derived from Italian
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/alma
- Rhymes:Galician/alma/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician uncountable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Irish terms derived from Middle Irish
- Irish lemmas
- Irish adjectives
- Irish terms borrowed from Middle English
- Irish terms derived from Middle English
- Irish terms derived from Middle French
- Irish terms derived from Old Italian
- Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish fourth-declension nouns
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/alma
- Rhymes:Italian/alma/2 syllables
- Italian terms with unknown etymologies
- Italian terms inherited from Late Latin
- Italian terms derived from Late Latin
- Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian adjective forms
- Italian verb forms
- Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Irish lemmas
- Middle Irish adjectives
- Middle Irish nouns
- Middle Irish feminine nouns
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/almɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/almɐ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/awmɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/awmɐ/2 syllables
- Portuguese terms derived from Late Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Italian
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese terms with obsolete senses
- pt:Literature
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese adjective forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms with audio links
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian verbs
- Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation
- Romanian reflexive verbs
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Middle Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic adjectives
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/alma
- Rhymes:Spanish/alma/2 syllables
- Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Spanish terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Late Latin
- Spanish terms borrowed from Italian
- Spanish terms derived from Italian
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish adjective forms
- Spanish verb forms