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German submarine U-744

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Whaler from HMCS Chilliwack alongside captured German submarine U-744
History
Nazi Germany
NameU-744
Ordered5 June 1941
BuilderF Schichau GmbH, Danzig
Yard number1547
Laid down5 June 1942
Launched11 March 1943
Commissioned5 June 1943
FateSunk on 6 March 1944
General characteristics
Class and typeType VIIC submarine
Displacement
Length
Beam
  • 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power
  • 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels)
  • 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced
  • 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range
  • 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth
  • 230 m (750 ft)
  • Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament
Service record
Part of:
Identification codes: M 51 807
Commanders:
  • Oblt.z.S. Heinz Blischke
  • 5 June 1943 – 6 March 1944
Operations:
  • 2 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • 2 December 1943 – 15 January 1944
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 24 February – 6 March 1944
Victories:
  • 1 merchant ship sunk
    (7,359 GRT)
  • 1 warship sunk
    (1,625 tons)

German submarine U-744 was a type VIIC U-boat, launched on 11 March 1943, commanded by Oberleutnant zur See Heinz Blischke.

Design

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German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-744 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[1] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[1]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[1] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-744 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[1]

Service history

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She had two patrols, one from 2 December 1943 until 15 January 1944 and 24 February 1944 until 6 March 1944. She sank two ships in total, Empire Housman on 3 January 1944, and the landing ship tank HMS LST-362 on 2 March 1944.[2]

U-744 was forced to surface on 6 March 1944, after a 31-hour pursuit by British and Canadian ships. She was depth-charged by HMS Icarus, causing her crew to abandon her. They were picked up by the corvette HMS Kenilworth Castle, the Canadian frigate HMCS St. Catharines, corvettes HMCS Fennel and HMCS Chilliwack and destroyers HMCS Chaudiere and HMCS Gatineau in the North Atlantic. U-744 was then boarded by Allied sailors, who retrieved code books and other documents. Most of this was lost while being transferred between the U-Boat and the Allied ships. After attempts to tow the submarine into port failed, U-744 was scuttled by the allied warships.[3]

Wolfpacks

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U-744 took part in five wolfpacks, namely:

  • Coronel 1 (15 – 17 December 1943)
  • Sylt (18 – 23 December 1943)
  • Rügen 2 (23 – 28 December 1943)
  • Rügen 1 (28 December 1943 – 3 January 1944)
  • Preussen (26 February – 6 March 1944)

Summary of raiding history

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Date Ship Name Nationality Tonnage[Note 1] Fate[4]
3 January 1944 Empire Housman  United Kingdom 7,359 Sunk
2 March 1944 HMS LST-362  Royal Navy 1,625 Sunk

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

Citations

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  1. ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
  2. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-744". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
  3. ^ "U-744 is boarded" U Boat Archive http://www.uboatarchive.net/U-257-U-744Photos.htm Archived 9 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-744". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 30 January 2014.

Bibliography

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[edit]
  • Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-744". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  • Hofmann, Markus. "U 744". Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de (in German). Retrieved 29 December 2014.