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March 1935

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The following events occurred in March 1935:

March 1, 1935 (Friday)

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March 2, 1935 (Saturday)

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  • Prajadhipok formally abdicated the throne of Siam and was succeeded by his nephew Ananda Mahidol.[2]
  • 17 Austrian Nazis were condemned to death for smuggling explosives into the country.[3]

March 3, 1935 (Sunday)

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March 4, 1935 (Monday)

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March 5, 1935 (Tuesday)

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March 6, 1935 (Wednesday)

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  • The Soviet Union announced that all private trade had finally been eliminated with only minor exceptions such as market vending.[7]
  • The first edition of the SS newspaper Das Schwarze Korps appeared.[8]
  • A new sculpture by Jacob Epstein titled Ecce Homo went on display at the Leicester Galleries, depicting an eleven-foot tall Christ with a square face and a broad, flat nose reminiscent of Polynesian art. The Catholic Times blasted the sculpture as "a distorted reminiscence of a man, the debased, sensuous flat features of an Asiatic monstrosity", while Conservative politician Cooper Rawson stood in the House of Commons and asked the government to remove or confiscate the statue for offending public decency. Of the controversy, Epstein himself only said: "I've made the statue and I've nothing to say about it – except what I've already said in the statue."[9]
  • Born: Ron Delany, runner, in Arklow, Ireland
  • Died: Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., 93, American jurist; Roque Ruaño, 57, Spanish priest-civil engineer

March 7, 1935 (Thursday)

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March 8, 1935 (Friday)

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March 9, 1935 (Saturday)

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March 10, 1935 (Sunday)

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March 11, 1935 (Monday)

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March 12, 1935 (Tuesday)

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March 13, 1935 (Wednesday)

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  • Nazi Germany indirectly banned Jews from working in manual trades when a guild organization was established requiring everyone to pass a master's examination and be entered into a roll before they could pursue a manual trade.[16]

March 14, 1935 (Thursday)

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March 15, 1935 (Friday)

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March 16, 1935 (Saturday)

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March 17, 1935 (Sunday)

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March 18, 1935 (Monday)

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  • The National Student League at Harvard University demanded the removal of a wreath in Appleton Chapel commemorating German war dead. The wreath, placed there the previous day by German Consul General Kurt von Tippelskirch, bore a swastika emblem.[22]
  • Haile Selassie said that Ethiopia would never apologize to Italy for wrongs not committed. "We will not be coerced or intimidated by the military preparations recently announced into according the satisfaction which Italy demands", he said.[23]
  • Born: Ole Barndorff-Nielsen, statistician, in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 2022)

March 19, 1935 (Tuesday)

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  • The Harlem race riot occurred.
  • British troops in India fired on a huge crowd of Muslims and Hindus rioting against each other, killing 27.[11]
  • The League of Nations urged Italy and Ethiopia to do everything possible to avoid war.[24]
  • Nazi Germany exempted Jews from conscription.[25]
  • Berlin was darkened from 10 p.m. until midnight to conduct a mock bombing drill in the skies overhead. Householders who left lights on during the drill were liable to be fined or arrested.[26]

March 20, 1935 (Wednesday)

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  • France sent a message to the League of Nations calling for an extraordinary session to discuss German rearmament under Article XI of the League Covenant, which provided for a member nation to call to the League's attention any circumstance threatening international peace.[27]
  • Johan Nygaardsvold became Prime Minister of Norway.

March 21, 1935 (Thursday)

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  • France and Italy delivered formal notes of protest to Germany against its decision to rearm. German Foreign Minister Konstantin von Neurath informed them that his government disregarded their notes because they did "not take the current situation into account."[28]
  • Persia officially changed its name to Iran.[1]

March 22, 1935 (Friday)

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March 23, 1935 (Saturday)

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  • U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt formally approved the new constitution of the Philippines.[1]
  • The Soviet Union formally ceded the Chinese Eastern Railway to Manchukuo in exchange for 23.3 million yen. China insisted it still had part ownership of the railway and called the sale illegal.[29]
  • Joseph Goebbels issued a circular letter announcing that advertising would be banned from German radio starting October 1, because of "incompatibility with the political and cultural tasks of broadcasting."[30]
  • Died: Florence Moore, 48, American stage performer and silent film actress

March 24, 1935 (Sunday)

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March 25, 1935 (Monday)

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March 26, 1935 (Tuesday)

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  • In Kaunas, Lithuania, four Nazis from Memel were sentenced to execution by firing squad for plotting an uprising to restore Memel to Germany. 77 others were sentenced to prison.[34]
  • Died: Eugene Zimmerman, 72, Swiss-born American cartoonist

March 27, 1935 (Wednesday)

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March 28, 1935 (Thursday)

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March 29, 1935 (Friday)

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  • German police said that they had arrested an unspecified number of nuns and monks in Catholic convents because they had violated laws prohibiting the exportation of foreign currency and other laws requiring German citizens to report any foreign exchange. 2.5 million marks were reported to have been involved.[38]
  • Anthony Eden moved on to Moscow to hold more peace talks with Soviet Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov.[11]
  • Reynoldstown won the Grand National horse race.

March 30, 1935 (Saturday)

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  • The Belgian Chamber of Deputies voted to suspend the gold standard and devalue the country's currency by 25 percent.[39]
  • Ethiopia broke off direct talks with Italy over their border disputes and sent a new note to the League of Nations.[40]

March 31, 1935 (Sunday)

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f "Chronology 1935". indiana.edu. 2002. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  2. ^ a b "1935". MusicAndHistory. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  3. ^ "17 Hitlerites Condemned to Die in Austria". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 3, 1935. p. 1.
  4. ^ Steele, John (March 5, 1935). "Britain Raises Army Budget to Preserve Peace". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  5. ^ "Saar Promises Broken". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 5, 1935. p. 2.
  6. ^ "Tageseinträge für 5. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  7. ^ "Moscow Claims Private Trade is Cut to Nothing". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 7, 1935. p. 2.
  8. ^ "Tageseinträge für 6. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  9. ^ "Seizure of Pug Nose Statue of Christ Urged". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 10, 1935. p. 1.
  10. ^ "Nineteen Thirty-Five". Sir Malcolm Campbell. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  11. ^ a b c d e Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 450. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  12. ^ "Cuba is Under Military Rule". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 10, 1935. p. 1.
  13. ^ "Cuba Executes 13 Soldiers for Aiding Strikers". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 12, 1935. p. 1.
  14. ^ "Egon Kisch's Farewell". The Barrier Miner. Broken Hill, New South Wales: 2. March 13, 1935.
  15. ^ "Tageseinträge für 12. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  16. ^ "Nazis Bar Jews from Working in Manual Trades". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 14, 1935. p. 8.
  17. ^ "Tageseinträge für 14. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  18. ^ "3 Assassins Slain Trying to Kill Arabian King". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 16, 1935. p. 2.
  19. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (March 17, 1935). "Germans Arm; Scrap Treaty". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  20. ^ Taylor, Edmond (March 16, 1935). "French Chamber Doubles Term of Army Service". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 6.
  21. ^ "Nazis Arrest 700 Pastors to Halt Religious War". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 18, 1935. p. 1.
  22. ^ "League at Harvard Demands Wreath of Germans Be Removed". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 19, 1935. p. 1.
  23. ^ "Ethiopia Will Not Be Bullied Italy is Warned". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 19, 1935. p. 8.
  24. ^ "League Urges Italy, Ethiopia to Avoid War". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 20, 1935. p. 4.
  25. ^ "Germany Bars Jews from New Conscript Army". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 20, 1935. p. 3.
  26. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (March 20, 1935). "Berlin in Dark as Nazis Stage Air Raid Drill". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  27. ^ Taylor, Edmond (March 21, 1935). "Halt Hitler! Plea of France". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  28. ^ "Hitler Rejects Protests by Powers". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 21, 1935. p. 1.
  29. ^ "Russians Turn Over Railway to Manchukuo". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 23, 1935. p. 13.
  30. ^ "Germany to Ban Advertisinh by Radio Next Fall". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 24, 1935. p. 2.
  31. ^ "Tageseinträge für 24. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  32. ^ Bunyan, Patrick (2011). All Around the Town: Amazing Manhattan Facts and Curiosities, Second Edition. Fordham University Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-8232-3174-4.
  33. ^ "French Deputies Vote to Build New Battleship". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 26, 1935. p. 2.
  34. ^ Day, Donald (March 27, 1935). "Sentence 4 Memel Nazis to Death; 77 Sent to Prison". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 8.
  35. ^ "Berlin Nazis Mob Legation of Lithuania". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 28, 1935. p. 1.
  36. ^ "Tageseinträge für 28. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  37. ^ "Nazis Order Smaller Flags Because of Shortage of Wool". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 29, 1935. p. 1.
  38. ^ "Nazis in Convent Raids Seize Nuns and Monks". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 29, 1935. p. 1.
  39. ^ "Belgian Premier Reveals New Deal Proposals". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 30, 1935. p. 5.
  40. ^ "Ethiopia Breaks off Border Talk with Italy". Chicago Daily Tribune. March 31, 1935. p. 9.
  41. ^ "Tageseinträge für 31. März 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  42. ^ "Chase in Cell at Alcatraz; Pals on Trial". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 1, 1935. p. 6.