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U+5187, 冇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5187

[U+5186]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5188]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 13, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大月 (KB) or 難大月 (XKB), four-corner 40227, composition 𠂇)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 128, character 35
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 96, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+5187

Chinese

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Wikipedia has an article on:
  • (Cantonese)

Glyph origin

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From the removal of the two inner strokes from (“to have”).

Attested at least since 1672, in 《星餘筆記》 by 王鉞:

樸鄙牒訴土俗初見駭愕習閒義意略記數字:……無有 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
朴鄙牒诉土俗初见骇愕习闲义意略记数字:……无有 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: 清・王鉞《星餘筆記》
Níng sú pǔbǐ suǒ chén diésù duō yòng tǔsú shū, chūjiàn hài'è, xíxián yì gè yǒu yìyì, lìng lüèjì shùzì:...... , yīn mào, wèi wúyǒu yě. [Pinyin]
When filing pleas, peasants in the Ning county (西寧縣, modern 鬱南縣) often use the local popular writing, it is peculiar when first seen, but when accustomed, each has its meaning, for example: [...] , sounds like , means "to not have".

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms
Xiang

From (MC mju, “to not have”). In some varieties, such as Cantonese and Xiang, there seems to be fusion or analogy with (MC hjuwX, “to have”) (Chan, 1998; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • mǎo - conjected from Cantonese;
  • mǒu - directly from Cantonese.
Note:
  • mau5 - “have not; did not”;
  • mau6 - “to not have” (contraction of 冇得).

    Definitions

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    1. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Gan, Hakka, dialectal Wu, Xiang) to not have; to not exist
      理由 [Cantonese]  ―  mou5 lei5 jau4 gaa3. [Jyutping]  ―  Impossible.
    2. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Xiang) have not; did not (do something) (indicating non-completion of a verb)
      [Cantonese, trad.]
      [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 mou5 tung4 keoi5 gong2. [Jyutping]
      I did not tell him.
      [Cantonese, trad.]
      [Cantonese, simp.]
      keoi5 gei2 go3 jyut6 dou1 mou5 lai4. [Jyutping]
      He hasn't come for a few months.
    3. (dialectal Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua) not (negator)
      手尾 [Nanning Pinghua]  ―  me5 sau2 mi5 [Jyutping++]  ―  irresponsible
    Usage notes
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    • Originally from Cantonese, many Mandarin speakers now understand the meaning of this character.
    Synonyms
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    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    trad.
    simp. #

    Compare Saek [script needed] (phoongC2, hollow; hole (in a tree, bamboo)), Proto-Bahnaric *pɔːŋ (hollow; flattened) (Schuessler, 2007).

    This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (Min, Hakka) empty; hollow; spongy; not sturdy
      [Hokkien]  ―  phàⁿ-chhâ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  porous wood
    2. (Min, Hakka) unreliable; undependable; casual
    3. (Southern Min) extravagant; generous
      [Hokkien]  ―  phàⁿ-chhiú [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  generous
    4. (Hakka) insufficient; lacking

    Etymology 3

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    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (Cantonese) Contraction of 唔好 (m4 hou2, don't).
      [Cantonese]  ―  mou2 faan4 ngo5! [Jyutping]  ―  Don't annoy me!

    Synonyms

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    See also

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    Etymology 4

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    trad.
    simp. #

    From etymology 1, with rising intonation.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (Cantonese, dialectal, uncommon or dated) Used at the end of questions to ask if one has done something yet.
      Synonym: (mei6)
      [Cantonese]  ―  sik6 zo2 faan6 mou2? [Jyutping]  ―  Have you eaten?
      • (Can we date this quote?), 郊遊前 準備好 聯繫方法要知道, 通訊事務管理局 [Communications Authority]:
        我哋收到收到 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
        ngo5 dei6 sau1 dou3-2 laa3, nei5 jau6 sau1 dou3-2 mou2? [Jyutping]
        We've received it. What about you?

    References

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    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    : Hán Nôm readings: mậu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.