ଉଦ୍‌ଜାନ

(Hydrogenରୁ ଲେଉଟି ଆସିଛି)

ଉଦଜାନ (English: Hydrogen; ହାଇଡ୍ରୋଜେନ୍) ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଓ ଏହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ H, ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୧, ପରମାଣବିକ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ୧.୦୦୭ ୯୪ amu । ଉଦଜାନ ସବୁଠାରୁ ହାଲୁକା ମୌଳିକ ଓ ଏହାର ଏକ-ପରମାଣବିକ ଅବସ୍ଥା ବିଶ୍ୱର ସବୁଠାରୁ ପ୍ରଚୁର ପରିମାଣରେ ମିଳୁଥିବା ମୌଳିକ (ପାଖାପାଖି ୭୫% ପ୍ରତିଶତ) ।[][ଟୀକା ୧]

Hydrogen,  1H
Purple glow in its plasma state
Spectral lines of hydrogen
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକhydrogen, H
Appearancecolorless gas
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/ˈhdrəən/ HY-drə-jən[]
Hydrogen in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
-

H

Li
- ← hydrogenhelium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)1
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 1, s-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 1
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  nonmetal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)1.008(1)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ1s1
per shell
1
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
colorless
ଅବସ୍ଥାgas
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ14.01 K ​(-259.14 °C, ​-434.45 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ20.28 K ​(-252.87 °C, ​-423.17 °F)
ଘନତା at stp (0 °C and 101.325 kPa)0.08988 g/L
when liquid, at m.p.0.07 (0.0763 solid)[] g/cm3
when liquid, at b.p.0.07099 g/cm3
Triple point13.8033 K, ​7.042 kPa
Critical point32.97 K, 1.293 MPa
Heat of fusion(H2) 0.117 kJ/mol
Heat of (H2) 0.904 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(H2) 28.836 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 15 20
Atomic properties
Oxidation states1, -1 ​amphoteric oxide
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.20
Covalent radius31±5 pm
Van der Waals radius120 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurehexagonal
Hexagonal crystal structure for hydrogen
Speed of sound(gas, 27 °C) 1310 m/s
Thermal conductivity0.1805 W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[]
CAS Number1333-74-0
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରHenry Cavendish[][] (1766)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier[] (1783)
Most stable isotopes of hydrogen
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
1H 99.985% 1H is stable with 0 neutrons
2H 0.015% 2H is stable with 1 neutron
3H trace 12.32 y β 0.01861 3He
| references
ହାଇଡ୍ରୋଜେନ୍ ସ୍ପେକ୍ଟ୍ରମ୍ ପରୀକ୍ଷା |
  1. Simpson, J.A.; Weiner, E.S.C. (1989). "Hydrogen". Oxford English Dictionary. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-861219-2.
  2. Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. p. 240. ISBN 0123526515.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". [[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]] (PDF) (81st ed.). CRC Press. {{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  4. "Hydrogen". Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Wylie-Interscience. 2005. pp. 797–799. ISBN 0-471-61525-0.
  5. Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.
  6. Stwertka, Albert (1996). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–21. ISBN 0-19-508083-1.
  7. Palmer, D. (13 September 1997). "Hydrogen in the Universe". NASA. Retrieved 2008-02-05.

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