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Stephen Sewall

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Stephen Sewall
Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
In office
1752–1760
Appointed byWilliam Shirley
Preceded byPaul Dudley
Succeeded byThomas Hutchinson
Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
In office
1739–1752
Appointed byJonathan Belcher
Preceded byThomas Graves
Succeeded byChambers Russell
Personal details
Born(1702-12-13)December 13, 1702
Salem, Massachusetts
DiedSeptember 10, 1760(1760-09-10) (aged 57)
Boston, Massachusetts
EducationHarvard University

Stephen Sewall (December 14, 1702 – September 10, 1760) was a judge in colonial Massachusetts. Born in Salem, Massachusetts, he was the son of Stephen Sewall, the clerk of court at the Salem witchcraft trials, and a nephew of Chief Justice Samuel Sewall, who presided at the witchcraft trials. He was the uncle of lawyer Jonathan Sewall and of the poet, lawyer and patriot, Jonathan Mitchell Sewall of Portsmouth, NH.

He attended Harvard University, graduating in 1721.[1] Although never formally trained as a lawyer or admitted to the bar, he was appointed first as an associate justice, and then as Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the highest court in the colony.[2] He also served on the Massachusetts Governor's Council, which was then the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court. He was generally respected by both friends (the "court party") and foes (the "popular party") of royal government.

Sewall's death in Boston in 1760 was followed by controversy. James Otis, Jr. believed that his father, James Otis, Sr., had been promised the office of chief justice, but Governor Francis Bernard appointed Crown supporter Thomas Hutchinson instead, creating a political rift that would have important implications in the development of the American Revolution. While Sewall had expressed doubts about the legality of writs of assistance, which were controversial general search warrants, Hutchinson authorized them—over the objections of Otis—in the famous "writs of assistance case" of 1761.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "[Spring 1759.] [from the Diary of John Adams]". founders.archives.gov.
  2. ^ "Wetmore's Minutes of the Argument: Essex Superior Court, Ipswich, June 1772". founders.archives.gov.
Legal offices
Preceded by Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature
1739–1752
Succeeded by
Preceded by Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature
1752–1760
Succeeded by