User:Jamesy0627144/sandbox3
![Map of world cannabis laws](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Map-of-world-cannabis-laws.svg/400px-Map-of-world-cannabis-laws.svg.png)
See also countries that have legalized medical use of cannabis.
The legality of cannabis for medical and recreational use varies by country, in terms of its possession, distribution, and cultivation, and (in regards to medical) how it can be consumed and what medical conditions it can be used for. These policies in most countries are regulated by the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs that was ratified in 1961, along with the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances and the 1988 Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.[1][2]
The use of cannabis for recreational purposes is prohibited in most countries; however, many have adopted a policy of decriminalization to make simple possession a non-criminal offense (often similar to a minor traffic violation). Others have much more severe penalties such as some Asian and Middle Eastern countries where possession of even small amounts is punished by imprisonment for several years.[3] Countries that have legalized recreational cannabis are Canada, Georgia, South Africa, and Uruguay, along with nine states and the District of Columbia in the United States. A policy of limited enforcement has also been adopted in many countries, in particular Spain and the Netherlands where the sale of cannabis is tolerated at licensed establishments.[4][5]
Countries that have legalized the medical use of cannabis include Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Peru, Poland, and the United Kingdom. Others have more restrictive laws that only allow the use of certain cannabinoid drugs, such as Sativex or Marinol. In the United States, 31 states and the District of Columbia have legalized the medical use of cannabis, but at the federal level its use remains prohibited for any purpose.
By country
[edit]Country/Territory | Recreational | Medical | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
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Illegal | Illegal | Zahir Shah in 1973.[6] | Production banned by King
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Illegal | Illegal | [7][8][9] | The law of prohibition exists but however with high availability of cannabis plants throughout the country, this law is often unenforced.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized | Legal | [10]
Medicinal cannabis is legal in Chubut since 23 September 2016,[11] in Santa Fe since 30 November 2016[12] and at national level since 21 September 2017.[13] | Decriminalized for personal use in small amounts and for consumption in private locations, the Supreme Court ruled in 2009.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized for personal use in the Northern Territory, South Australia, and the Australian Capital Territory[14][15] | Legal at federal level and in all states.[16] Qualifying conditions and other details vary by state.[17] | |
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Possession for personal use decriminalized as of January 2016. | Cannabis-derived drugs | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal | [18] Possession of cannabis is illegal in Bangladesh, with penalties ranging from six months to fifteen years. However, cannabis is openly sold in many parts of the country and the laws are rarely enforced.[19][20] | Sale banned in 1989.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized up to three grams or cultivation of one plant | Cannabis-derived drugs[21] | [22][23] | Since 2003, adults over the age of eighteen had been allowed to possess up to three grams.
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Decriminalized up to 10 grams | Illegal | [24] In 2016, national media reported that legislation to decriminalize possession of up to ten grams was "in the works".[25] | Cannabis use in Belize is common and largely tolerated; however, possession can result in fines or imprisonment.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | [26] | Cannabis is illegal, but grows prolifically in Bhutan and has multiple traditional uses, such as feeding pigs and producing textiles.
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Decriminalized up to 50 grams | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | cannabinoids for medicinal purposes.[27] | In 2016 it was announced that the Ministry of Civil Affairs had formed a task force to explore the legalizing of cannabis and
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Illegal | Illegal | [28][29] | Cannabis (or dagga) is illegal.
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Decriminalized for small amounts and private use | Illegal | community service and education on the effects of drug use. The same measures apply to the planting or preparation of small amounts of any illegal drug.
Selling and transportation of any illegal drugs, as well as the possession or cultivation of larger amounts is characterized as drug trafficking, a criminal act punished with five to fifteen years in prison and a significant fine.[30] | Since 2006, the possession of illegal drugs like cannabis (for personal consumption) entails a warning,
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Illegal | Illegal | |
Country/Territory | Recreational | Medical | Notes |
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Illegal | Illegal | Cocaine, Amphetamines and MDMA (ecstasy). Until 2004, a loosely defined "personal dose" existed. | Cannabis is classified as a class A (High-risk) drug, together with Heroin,
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal | [31] This prohibition is however lax and enforced opportunistically.[32][33][34] Many "Happy" restaurants located in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Sihanoukville publicly offer food cooked with marijuana, or as a side garnish.[35] | Cannabis is formally illegal in Cambodia.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Currently illegal (tolerated in some areas), but to be legalized 17 October 2018 | Legal | cannabis in Canada.[36] See Legislation: "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act"[37] | Legal with government issued licence for medicinal or industrial purposes. On 20 April 2016, Health Minister Jane Philpott announced that new legislation would be introduced in spring 2017 to legalize and regulate
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized for possession, legal for cultivation[38] | Legal | [39] Since 2014, Chile allows the cultivation of cannabis for medicinal purposes with the authorization of The Chilean Agriculture Service (SAG).[40]
Cultivation of marijuana, personal or collective, is legal in Chile. The Supreme Court ruled in 2015.[41][42][43] Sale of marijuana-derived medication is allowed on prescription in pharmacies, from December 2015.[44] Currently in 2016, a regulation bill which will allow Chileans to grow small amounts of marijuana for medicinal, recreational or spiritual use has been approved by the country's lower house of Congress.[45][46] | In 2005, Law 20.000 formally decriminalized private and personal cannabis use.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized for possession of up to 22 grams or cultivation of 20 plants | Legal for medical use. No limit on cultivation for medical use if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council" | [47] It is legal to possess up to twenty plants for personal consumption.[48][49][50] | Since 1994, cannabis has been legalized for possession of small amounts up to 22 grams for personal consumption. In 2016, The Supreme Court of Justice stated that someone who is caught with a greater amount than the statutory limit cannot be criminally prosecuted if it is found that the person carries the substance to satisfy their own consumption needs.
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Illegal | Illegal | Ali Soilih legalized cannabis consumption among other measures.[51][52] | Cannabis was legal during the Comorian historical period between January 1975 and May 1978, when president
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Decriminalized[53][54] | Illegal | [53] A decriminalization system is de facto implemented, since police officers do not detain people carrying enough for only personal consumption, yet no amount has been defined as a minimum for possession. The usage of cannabis in Costa Rica is very high.[54] | Some interpret the law to say cannabis is illegal, but there is a high tolerance of smoking marijuana throughout the country.
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Decriminalized[55][56] | Legal[56] | kn ($800–3500) depending on the case in question.
In 2015, the Ministry of Health officially legalized the use of cannabis-based drugs for medicinal purposes for patients with illnesses such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS.[56] | From 2013, the possession of small amount of marijuana and other light drugs is a misdemeanor which leads to a fine of 5000–20000
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Legal for cancer patients[57] | [58] | Class B substance – life imprisonment is possible for use and maximum eight years for possession (at the maximum two years for the first offence for under 25-year-olds).
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Since 2014, decriminalized for posssession of up to 10 grams or cultivation of up to five plants.[59] Initially decriminalized in 2010 for up to 15 grams.[60] | Legal | [61][62]
Medicinal use of cannabis on prescription has been legal and regulated since 2013.[63][64] | Since 2010 possession of up to fifteen grams for personal or medicinal use or cultivation of up to five plants is a misdemeanor subject to minor fine - mostly not enforced. Popular destination for smokers.
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Illegal for recreational use, however, the law is often unenforced by police. (Declared legal in Freetown but this is unrecognized by Danish authorities) | Legal | [65] Freetown Christiania, a self-declared autonomous community in Copenhagen, is known for its cannabis trade. | As with all drugs, cannabis-related offences are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to two years
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal | Illegal | [66] | Class B drug to cultivate, sell or possess.
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Illegal | Illegal | |
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Illegal at the federal level. Legal or tolerated in several states such as Bihar, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, and the North-Eastern states. Decriminalized in Gujarat. |
Illegal | Varanasi and few other north Indian states sell cannabis in the form of bhang. Despite the high prevalent usage, cannabis remains illegal, but is rarely enforced and treated as low priority across India. Large tracts of cannabis grow unchecked in the wild in many parts of northern and southern India.[67] Bhang was removed from the Prohibition Act in Gujarat in February 2017, hence its consumption and sale has been decriminalized in the state.[68] Many states such as Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states have their own laws allowing cannabis, locally known as Ganja. | Government-owned shops in holy cities like
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Illegal – but use and sale is tolerated in licensed coffeeshops.[5] Possession of up to five grams or cultivation of up to five plants is decriminalized. | Legal | coffeeshops.[69][70][71] There is a zero tolerance policy in Caribbean parts of the Netherlands.[72]
In some cities, access to coffeeshops is resticted to residents of the Netherlands.[73] Coffeeshops are also unable to legally obtain cannabis, often putting them at risk (this policy is called 'achterdeur-beleid').[74] Possession is decriminalized up to five grams (in case of a police control it is still confiscated), and for public use. Home growers can be evicted [75] for one single plant[76] or have their mortgage canceled.[77] | Personal possession has been decriminalized since 1976, and cannabis products are only sold openly in certain licensed
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Use and possession in private areas is allowed.[78] Consumption in public areas or in public view can result in a fine of 300 €. Cultivation is allowed in private areas in amounts for personal use (including in approximately 800 Cannabis Social Clubs across the country).[78] | Limited cannabis-derived pharmaceuticals | [79] and normally are misdemeanors punishable by a fine.[80] Cultivation is allowed in private areas for personal use, but when plants are located somewhere visible from the street/public place it is an administrative offense.[81]}}
In June 2017, Catalonia legalized cannabis after the government voted by 118 to 9 to regulate the local cannabis clubs,[82] but that law was appealed by the state and declared unconstitutional.[83] | Sale and importation of any quantity of cannabis is a criminal offence, punishable by jail time. All actions related to cannabis apart from sale or trade aren't considered criminal offenses,
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Legal in 9 states, the District of Columbia, and some Indian Reservations – but illegal at federal level. An additional 13 states and the U.S. Virgin Islands have decriminalized. |
Legal in 31 states, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia – but illegal at federal level.[84] |
District of Columbia. Federal law classifies cannabis as a Schedule I prohibited substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. The United States Supreme Court has ruled in Gonzales v. Raich that the federal government has the ability to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medicinal purposes. However, individuals acting in accordance with state medical cannabis laws are protected from federal prosecution by the Rohrabacher–Farr amendment. Recognized Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis for both recreational and medical use under a policy announced by the Justice Department in 2014.[85] | Laws vary by state, territory, Indian Reservation, and the
Country/Territory | Recreational | Medical | Notes |
References
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