User:Jtwsaddress42/Projects/Project 1/Sections/Chapter 3/Phase III - Thioester World & The Nitrogen Invasion

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 Nitrogen Invasion 
 Branch Pathways 
 
 FeS/H2S ⇒ FeS2 
 

 αKG ⇒ Glu (Acidic)

 
 

 OXO ⇒ Asp (Acidic)

 
 

 PYR ⇒ Ala (Neutral Non-polar)

 
 Reductive Amination 
 FeS/H2S ⇒ FeS2 
 

 Glu + Glu ⇔ αKG + Gln (Neutral Polar)

 
 

 Glu + Asp ⇔ αKG + Asn (Neutral Polar)

 
 Synthase Rxns 
 

 α-Ketoacids ⇔ α-Amino Acids

 Transanimase Rxns 
 AA Synthesis 
 
 

 Non-coded Polypeptides 

 Condensation Rxns 
 
 

 Biotin 

 
 

 Pyridoxal 

 
 

 Pantetheine 

 
 

 Proto-Thiamine 

 
 Proto‑Coenzymes 
 

 Thioester World 

 
 
 Chemoautotrophic 
 RCC Core 
 Iron-Sulfur World 

Expanding the core - Heterochemistry and The Introduction of New Elements

  • Thioester World - Kinetically Inhibited High-energy Thioester intermediates as proto-bioenergetic transferase metabolites  
  • Nitrogen Invasion - Ammonium enters the system via Pyrite-pulled Nitrogen Fixation on Fe,V,Mo Sulphide surfaces  
  • Amino Acid Pathways  
  • GSH-GSSG Redox Buffer  
  • Surface-anchored Thio-analogs of Nitrogen containing Proto-coenzyme moieties
    • ? ⇒ Biotin  
    • ? ⇒ Coenzyme B  
    • ? ⇒ Flavin  
    • ? ⇒ Nicotinamide  
    • ? ⇒ Pantothenic Acid  
    • ? ⇒ Protoporphyrin IX  
    • ? ⇒ Pyridoxamine  ⇔ Pyridoxal  ⇔ Pyridoxine  
    • ? ⇒ Tetrahydrofolate  
    • ? ⇒ Thiamine  
  • Pyrimidines  
  • Purines  
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