بل

See also: تل, پل, and بِل

Arabic

Etymology 1

Conjunction

بَلْ • (bal)

(after a negative) but; rather
لَا يَكْرَهُهَا، بَل يُحِبُّهَا
lā yakrahuhā, bal yuḥibbuhā
He doesn’t hate her, but rather loves her.
(after an affirmative) used to cancel what precedes it and confirm what follows it
جَاءَتْ سُعَادُ، بَلْ سَلْمَى
jāʔat suʕādu, bal salmā
It wasn't Su'ad that came, but rather Salma.

Synonyms

(but, rather): لٰكِنْ (lākin)

Derived terms

بَلْ وَ (bal wa)

Descendants

→ Classical Persian: بَلْکِه (balki)
- → Armenian: բալքի (balkʻi)
- → Old Anatolian Turkish: بلكه (bälki)
  - Azerbaijani: bəlkə (“maybe, perhaps”)
  - Khalaj: bəlki (“maybe, perhaps”)
  - Ottoman Turkish: بلكه (“certainly, beyond any doubt; even; perhaps”)
    - Turkish: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
    - → Crimean Tatar: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
    - → Hijazi Arabic: بلكن (balkin, “maybe, perhaps”), بلكي (balki) (archaic)
    - → South Levantine Arabic: بلكي (balki, “perhaps”), بلكن (balken), بركي (barki)
    - → Libyan Arabic: بلكي (balki, “perhaps”)
    - → Cypriot Arabic: perki (“maybe, perhaps”)
    - → Laz: ბექითა (bekita), ბეჩი (beçi) — Atina; ბექი (beki) — Arkabi; ბელქი (belki) — Batumi
    - → Macedonian: белки (belki, “perhaps, possibly”), белким (belkim, “perhaps, possibly”)
    - → Zazaki: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: बल्कि (balki)
  Urdu: بلکہ (balki, “but”)
  - → Phalura: bálki (“but”)
- → Uyghur: بەلكى (belki, “maybe, perhaps”)
- → Uzbek: balki (“maybe, perhaps”)
- → Bashkir: бәлки (bəlki, “maybe, perhaps”)
- → Kazakh: бәлки (bälki), бәлкім (bälkım, “maybe, perhaps”)
- → Kyrgyz: балки (balki), балким (balkim, “maybe, perhaps”)

Etymology 2

Root
ب ل ل (b l l)
6 terms

Verb

بَلَّ • (balla) I, non-past يَبُلُّ‎ (yabullu)

to moisten, to wet, to sprinkle

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَلَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal nouns بَلّ or بِلَّة)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر					بَلّ or بِلَّة ball or billa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					بَالّ bāll
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَبْلُول mablūl
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَلَلْتُ balaltu	بَلَلْتَ balalta	بَلَّ balla	بَلَلْتُمَا balaltumā	بَلَّا ballā	بَلَلْنَا balalnā	بَلَلْتُمْ balaltum	بَلُّوا ballū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بَلَلْتُ balaltu	بَلَلْتِ balalti	بَلَّتْ ballat	بَلَلْتُمَا balaltumā	بَلَّتَا ballatā	بَلَلْنَا balalnā	بَلَلْتُنَّ balaltunna	بَلَلْنَ balalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبُلُّ ʔabullu	تَبُلُّ tabullu	يَبُلُّ yabullu	تَبُلَّانِ tabullāni	يَبُلَّانِ yabullāni	نَبُلُّ nabullu	تَبُلُّونَ tabullūna	يَبُلُّونَ yabullūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَبُلُّ ʔabullu	تَبُلِّينَ tabullīna	تَبُلُّ tabullu	تَبُلَّانِ tabullāni	تَبُلَّانِ tabullāni	نَبُلُّ nabullu	تَبْلُلْنَ tablulna	يَبْلُلْنَ yablulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبُلَّ ʔabulla	تَبُلَّ tabulla	يَبُلَّ yabulla	تَبُلَّا tabullā	يَبُلَّا yabullā	نَبُلَّ nabulla	تَبُلُّوا tabullū	يَبُلُّوا yabullū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَبُلَّ ʔabulla	تَبُلِّي tabullī	تَبُلَّ tabulla	تَبُلَّا tabullā	تَبُلَّا tabullā	نَبُلَّ nabulla	تَبْلُلْنَ tablulna	يَبْلُلْنَ yablulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبُلَّ or أَبُلِّ or أَبْلُلْ ʔabulla or ʔabulli or ʔablul	تَبُلَّ or تَبُلِّ or تَبْلُلْ tabulla or tabulli or tablul	يَبُلَّ or يَبُلِّ or يَبْلُلْ yabulla or yabulli or yablul	تَبُلَّا tabullā	يَبُلَّا yabullā	نَبُلَّ or نَبُلِّ or نَبْلُلْ nabulla or nabulli or nablul	تَبُلُّوا tabullū	يَبُلُّوا yabullū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَبُلِّي tabullī	تَبُلَّ or تَبُلِّ or تَبْلُلْ tabulla or tabulli or tablul	تَبُلَّا tabullā	تَبُلَّا tabullā		تَبْلُلْنَ tablulna	يَبْلُلْنَ yablulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بُلَّ or بُلِّ or اُبْلُلْ bulla or bulli or ublul		بُلَّا bullā			بُلُّوا bullū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		بُلِّي bullī		بُلَّا bullā			اُبْلُلْنَ ublulna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُلِلْتُ buliltu	بُلِلْتَ bulilta	بُلَّ bulla	بُلِلْتُمَا buliltumā	بُلَّا bullā	بُلِلْنَا bulilnā	بُلِلْتُمْ buliltum	بُلُّوا bullū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بُلِلْتُ buliltu	بُلِلْتِ bulilti	بُلَّتْ bullat	بُلِلْتُمَا buliltumā	بُلَّتَا bullatā	بُلِلْنَا bulilnā	بُلِلْتُنَّ buliltunna	بُلِلْنَ bulilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَلُّ ʔuballu	تُبَلُّ tuballu	يُبَلُّ yuballu	تُبَلَّانِ tuballāni	يُبَلَّانِ yuballāni	نُبَلُّ nuballu	تُبَلُّونَ tuballūna	يُبَلُّونَ yuballūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُبَلُّ ʔuballu	تُبَلِّينَ tuballīna	تُبَلُّ tuballu	تُبَلَّانِ tuballāni	تُبَلَّانِ tuballāni	نُبَلُّ nuballu	تُبْلَلْنَ tublalna	يُبْلَلْنَ yublalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَلَّ ʔuballa	تُبَلَّ tuballa	يُبَلَّ yuballa	تُبَلَّا tuballā	يُبَلَّا yuballā	نُبَلَّ nuballa	تُبَلُّوا tuballū	يُبَلُّوا yuballū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُبَلَّ ʔuballa	تُبَلِّي tuballī	تُبَلَّ tuballa	تُبَلَّا tuballā	تُبَلَّا tuballā	نُبَلَّ nuballa	تُبْلَلْنَ tublalna	يُبْلَلْنَ yublalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَلَّ or أُبَلِّ or أُبْلَلْ ʔuballa or ʔuballi or ʔublal	تُبَلَّ or تُبَلِّ or تُبْلَلْ tuballa or tuballi or tublal	يُبَلَّ or يُبَلِّ or يُبْلَلْ yuballa or yuballi or yublal	تُبَلَّا tuballā	يُبَلَّا yuballā	نُبَلَّ or نُبَلِّ or نُبْلَلْ nuballa or nuballi or nublal	تُبَلُّوا tuballū	يُبَلُّوا yuballū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تُبَلِّي tuballī	تُبَلَّ or تُبَلِّ or تُبْلَلْ tuballa or tuballi or tublal	تُبَلَّا tuballā	تُبَلَّا tuballā		تُبْلَلْنَ tublalna	يُبْلَلْنَ yublalna

References

Lane, Edward William (1863) “بل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 3

Noun

بَلّ • (ball) m

verbal noun of بَلَّ (balla) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun بَلّ (ball)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَلّ ball	الْبَلّ al-ball	بَلّ ball
Nominative	بَلٌّ ballun	الْبَلُّ al-ballu	بَلُّ ballu
Accusative	بَلًّا ballan	الْبَلَّ al-balla	بَلَّ balla
Genitive	بَلٍّ ballin	الْبَلِّ al-balli	بَلِّ balli

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen

Brahui

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *wil. Cognate with Kannada ಬಿಲ್ಲು (billu), Tamil வில் (vil), Telugu విల్లు (villu) and Malayalam വില്ല് (villŭ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bil/

Noun

بِل (bil)

bow

Derived terms

بِلْسُم (bilsum, “bow and arrows; rainbow”), بِلَسُم (bilasum)
بِلِیف (bilīf, “pregnant”)
بِل جَابَہ (bil jāba, “bow and quiver”)
بِلُم (bilum, “neck-rope, halter”)

References

Bray, Denys (1934) “bil”, in The Brahui Language‎^[4], Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 73
Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “5422”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.

Bulgar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bōl-.

Verb

بَلْ (bal)

(Volga Bulgar) to become
وَفَاتِ بَلطُوي تَارِيحَ جيَاتِ جُور جيَارمِنشِ جَال مُحَرَم اَيخِ بَلنجِ كُوَان اَتِ ― Wafâti baltuwi târîxa çyêti çü:r çyêrmişi çâl Muharem ayxi belinçi küwên eti. ― The day he has died was in fifth day of Muharrem month of seven hundred twentieth year.

تارِ[يج] جياتِ جور الُو وَجم جال شول [اَيخ] ون بيَالم كوان وفاتِ بلت ― Târi[yxa] çyeti çü:r el(l)üw weçim çâl Şawal [ayxi] wan byêlim küwên wafâti balti. ― He has died in the date of fifteenth day of the Şawal month of the seven hundred fifty thirth year.

خير كون ارلا سعة وفات بالج ― Xayr küwen erle sa'at wafâti bâlçi. ― He has died at early time on the charity day.

رحمه الله رحمه واسعه بلطر ― Rahmatullâhi rahmat wâsiatan baltur. ― God mercy on him. Amen.

Derived terms

بلطر (balt'ur, “amen”)

Descendants

Chuvash: пул (pul)

References

İbrahim ARIKAN, İdil Bulgar Kitâbelerinde Geçen “BALTUR” Sözcüğü Üzerine, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Türkoloji Dergisi 21, 1 (2014) 15-24
Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎^[5] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 74-75, 92-93, 104
Erdal, Marcel (1993) Die Sprache der wolgabolgarischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 36, 42, 163
İbragimova, G. (2021) татарская эпиграфическая традиция [Tatar Epigraphic Tradition] (in Russian), Kazan: Академия Наук Республики Татарстан Институт Языка, Литературы и Искусства, →ISBN, pages 46-47

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bẹ̄l(k) (“waist”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋𐰃𐰠 (b²il² /⁠bél⁠/), Azerbaijani bel, Bashkir бил (bil), Kazakh бел (bel), Kyrgyz бел (bel), Turkmen bil, Uyghur بەل (bel), Uzbek bel and Yakut биил (biil).

Noun

بل • (bel) (definite accusative بلی (beli), plural بللر (beller))

waist, the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach
Synonyms: خصر (hasr), میان (meyan)
loin, lumbus, the part of the body at each side of the backbone
Synonym: میان (meyan)
small of the back, the relatively narrow, lumbar region of the back

Derived terms

بل آغریسی (bel ağrısı, “pain in the back”)
بل باغلامق (bel bağlamak, “to prepare for an undertaking”)
بل بوكلمك (bel bükilmek, “to be conquered in a contest”)
بل صوغوقلغی (bel soğukluğu, “gonorrohea”)
بل كمیكی (bel kemiği, “backbone, spine”)
بل ویرمك (bel virmek, “to sag, to bulge”)
بللو (belli, “possessed of a waist”)

Descendants

Turkish: bel

Etymology 2

Noun

بل • (bel)

Alternative spelling of بیل (bil, “spade”)

Pashto

Etymology

From Proto-Pathan *bəδ, *bəδá, from an ancestral Middle Iranian form *bidá,^[1] from Proto-Iranian *dwitáh.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bəl/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

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بل • (bəl)

other
next

Declension

declension of بل

	masculine		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural
direct	بل (bəl)	بل (bəl)	بله (bəla)	بلې (bəle)
oblique	بل (bəl)	بلو (bəlo)	بلې (bəle)	بلو (bəlo)
vocative	بله (bəla)	بلو (bəlo)	بلې (bəle)	بلو (bəlo)

References

^ Julian Kreidl (2021) “Lambdacism and the development of Old Iranian *t in Pashto”, in Iran and the Caucasus

Persian

Noun

بل • (bol)

(Sistani) bubble

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ل ل
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَلَّ (balla).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bal/, [bal]
Audio (al-Lidd): (file)

Verb

بلّ • (ball) I (present ببلّ (bibill))

to make wet, to moisten
Antonyms: نشّف (naššaf), جفّف (jaffaf)

Conjugation

Conjugation of بلّ (ball)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	بلّيت (ballēt)	بلّيت (ballēt)	بلّ (ball)	بلّينا (ballēna)	بلّيتو (ballētu)	بلّو (ballu)
past	f	بلّيت (ballēt)	بلّيتي (ballēti)	بلّت (ballat)	بلّينا (ballēna)	بلّيتو (ballētu)	بلّو (ballu)
present	m	ببلّ (babill)	بتبلّ (bitbill)	ببلّ (bibill)	منبلّ (minbill)	بتبلّو (bitbillu)	ببلّو (bibillu)
present	f	ببلّ (babill)	بتبلّي (bitbilli)	بتبلّ (bitbill)	منبلّ (minbill)	بتبلّو (bitbillu)	ببلّو (bibillu)
subjunctive	m	ابلّ (abill)	تبلّ (tbill)	يبلّ (ybill)	نبلّ (nbill)	تبلّو (tbillu)	يبلّو (ybillu)
subjunctive	f	ابلّ (abill)	تبلّي (tbilli)	تبلّ (tbill)	نبلّ (nbill)	تبلّو (tbillu)	يبلّو (ybillu)
imperative	m		بلّ (bill)			بلّو (billu)
imperative	f		بلّي (billi)			بلّو (billu)

Southwestern Fars

Noun

بل (bāl, ba:l)

(Kuzarg) snow

Urdu

Etymology

From Sanskrit बल (bala), from Proto-Indo-European *bel- (“power, strength”).

Noun

بل • (bal) m (Hindi spelling बल)

[1] Julian Kreidl (2021) “Lambdacism and the development of Old Iranian *t in Pashto”, in Iran and the Caucasus

[1]

بل

Arabic

Etymology 1

Conjunction

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Verb

Conjugation

References

Etymology 3

Noun

Declension

References

Brahui

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Bulgar

Etymology

Verb

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 2

Noun

Further reading

Pashto

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

References

Persian

Noun

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Southwestern Fars

Noun

Urdu

Etymology

Noun

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