আটা
Assamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]আটা • (ata)
Declension
[edit]Indefinite forms | Definite forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
specific | not specific | ||||||||
informal | formal | ||||||||
absolutive | আটা ata |
আটাখিনি atakhini |
আটাবোৰ atabür |
আটাবিলাক atabilak |
আটাসমূহ ataxomuh | ||||
ergative | আটাই atai |
আটাখিনিয়ে atakhinie |
আটাবোৰে atabüre |
আটাবিলাকে atabilake |
আটাসমূহে ataxomuhe | ||||
accusative | আটাক atak |
আটাখিনিক atakhinik |
আটাবোৰক atabürok |
আটাবিলাকক atabilakok |
আটাসমূহক ataxomuhok | ||||
genitive | আটাৰ atar |
আটাখিনিৰ atakhinir |
আটাবোৰৰ atabüror |
আটাবিলাকৰ atabilakor |
আটাসমূহৰ ataxomuhor | ||||
dative | আটালৈ ataloi |
আটাখিনিলৈ atakhiniloi |
আটাবোৰলৈ atabüroloi |
আটাবিলাকলৈ atabilakoloi |
আটাসমূহলৈ ataxomuholoi | ||||
instrumental | আটাৰে atare |
আটাখিনিৰে atakhinire |
আটাবোৰেৰে atabürere |
আটাবিলাকেৰে atabilakere |
আটাসমূহেৰে ataxomuhere | ||||
locative | আটাত atat |
আটাখিনিত atakhinit |
আটাবোৰত atabürot |
আটাবিলাকত atabilakot |
আটাসমূহত ataxomuhot | ||||
Accusative Note: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative Note 1: Some speakers use -অলৈ (-oloi)'s variant -অলে (-ole) instead. Dative Note 2: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative Note 3: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Instrumental Note 1: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) marks this case instead of -এৰে (-ere). Instrumental Note 2: Sometimes -এ (-e) marks this case. Locative Note: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in some cases. |
Etymology 2
[edit]Assamese verb set |
---|
আট (at) |
আটা (ata) |
আটোৱা (atüa) |
আটোওৱা (atüüa) |
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *aṭṭ-. Cognate to Bengali আঁটা (ãṭa), Punjabi ਅੱਟਣਾ (aṭṭaṇā), Nepali अटाउनु (aṭāunu), Hindi अँटना (ãṭnā).
Alternative forms
[edit]- অটা (ota) — Eastern Standard
Verb
[edit]আটা • (ata) (intransitive) (Central Standard)
Conjugation
[edit]Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | আট at |
নাট nat | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | আটা ata |
নাটা nata | |
Conjugative | {{{cn}}} {{{cn-tr}}} |
{{{cn-1}}} {{{cn-1-tr}}} | |
Infinitive | আটিব atibo |
নাটিব natibo | |
Genitive infinitive | {{{gin}}} {{{gin-tr}}} |
{{{gin-1}}} {{{gin-1-tr}}} | |
Goal | {{{goa}}} {{{goa-tr}}} |
{{{goa-1}}} {{{goa-1-tr}}} | |
Terminative | {{{trm}}} {{{trm-tr}}} |
{{{trm-1}}} {{{trm-1-tr}}} | |
Future passive participle | {{{fpp}}} {{{fpp-tr}}} |
{{{fpp-1}}} {{{fpp-1-tr}}} | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | আটোঁতা atü̃ta |
নাটোঁতা natü̃ta |
♀ | {{{agenf}}} {{{agenf-tr}}} |
{{{agenf-1}}} {{{agenf-1-tr}}} | |
Contingent | আটোঁতে atü͂te |
নাটোঁতে natü͂te | |
Progressive participle | আটোঁতে - আটোঁতে atü͂te - atü͂te |
নাটোঁতে - নাটোঁতে natü͂te - natü͂te | |
Reason | {{{rs}}} {{{rs-tr}}} |
{{{rs-1}}} {{{rs-1-tr}}} | |
Past conditional | {{{unk}}} {{{unk-tr}}} |
{{{unk-1}}} {{{unk-1-tr}}} | |
Future conditional | আটিলে atile |
নাটিলে natile | |
Perfect participle | আটি ati |
নাটি nati | |
Habitual participle | আটি - আটি ati-ati |
নাটি - নাটি nati - nati |
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | + | আটোঁ atü͂ |
আট ato |
আটা ata |
আটে ate | ||
- | নাটোঁ natü͂ |
নাট nato |
নাটা nata |
নাটে nate | |||
Imperfective | + | আটিছোঁ atisü͂ |
আটিছ atiso |
আটিছা atisa |
আটিছে atise | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
আটা নাই ata nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
{{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | আটি আছোঁ ati asü͂ |
আটি আছ ati aso |
আটি আছা ati asa |
আটি আছে ati ase | ||
- | আটি থাকা নাই ati thaka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | + | আটিলোঁ atilü͂ |
আটিলি atili |
আটিলা atila |
আটিলে atile | ||
- | নাটিলোঁ natilü͂ |
নাটিলি natili |
নাটিলা natila |
নাটিলে natile | |||
Imperfective | + | আটিছিলোঁ atisilü͂ |
আটিছিলি atisili |
আটিছিলা atisila |
আটিছিলে atisile | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
নাটিছিলোঁ natisilü͂ |
নাটিছিলি natisili |
নাটিছিলা natisila |
নাটিছিলে natisile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
{{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | আটি আছিলোঁ ati asilü͂ |
আটি আছিলি ati asili |
আটি আছিলা ati asila |
আটি আছিলে ati asile | ||
- | আটি থাকা নাছিলোঁ ati thaka nasilü͂ |
আটি থাকা নাছিলি ati thaka nasili |
আটি থাকা নাছিলা ati thaka nasila |
আটি থাকা নাছিলে ati thaka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | + | আটিম atim |
আটিবি atibi |
আটিবা atiba |
আটিব atibo | ||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নাটোঁ natü͂ |
নাট nato |
নাটা nata |
নাটে nate | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নাটিম natim |
নাটিবি natibi |
নাটিবা natiba |
নাটিব natibo | ||||
Continuous | + | আটি থাকিম ati thakim |
আটি থাকিবি ati thakibi |
আটি থাকিবা ati thakiba |
আটি থাকিব ati thakibo | ||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
আটি নাথাকিম ati nathakim |
আটি নাথাকিবি ati nathakibi |
আটি নাথাকিবা ati nathakiba |
আটি নাথাকিব ati nathakibo | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
{{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | + | আটোঁ atü͂ |
আট at |
{{{imp-1a}}} {{{imp-1a-tr}}} |
আটক atok | ||
- | — | নাটিবি natibi |
নাটিবা natiba |
নাটিব natibo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
Derived terms
[edit]Bengali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Magadhi Prakrit 𑀆𑀝𑀸 (āṭā), undergoing retroflexion from Sanskrit *आर्त (*ārtá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HārHtás (“that which is ground or crushed”), vriddhi derivative from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥Htás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂l̥h₁-tós (“ground, crushed”), from *h₂elh₁- (“to grind”).[1][2] Cognate with Assamese আটা (ata), Odia ଅଟା (aṭā), Magahi 𑂄𑂀𑂗𑂰 (ā̃ṭā), Bhojpuri आटा (āṭā), Hindustani آٹا (āṭā) / आटा (āṭā), Nepali आटो (āṭo), Vaghri આટ્ટો (āṭṭo), Gujarati આટો (āṭo), Rajasthani आटौ (āṭau), Punjabi ਆਟਾ (āṭā), Classical Persian آرد (ārd, “flour”), Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “ground”), Old Armenian աղամ (ałam, “to grind”), Ancient Greek ἀλέω (aléō, “to grind”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]আটা • (aṭa)
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of আটা | |||
nominative | আটা aṭa | ||
---|---|---|---|
objective | আটা / আটাকে aṭa (semantically general or indefinite) / aṭake (semantically definite) | ||
genitive | আটার aṭar | ||
locative | আটাতে / আটায় aṭate / aṭaẏ | ||
Indefinite forms | |||
nominative | আটা aṭa | ||
objective | আটা / আটাকে aṭa (semantically general or indefinite) / aṭake (semantically definite) | ||
genitive | আটার aṭar | ||
locative | আটাতে / আটায় aṭate / aṭaẏ | ||
Definite forms | |||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | আটাটি , আটাটা aṭaṭi, aṭaṭa |
আটাগুলি, আটাগুলা, আটাগুলো aṭaguli, aṭagula, aṭagulō | |
objective | আটাটি, আটাটা aṭaṭi, aṭaṭa |
আটাগুলি, আটাগুলা, আটাগুলো aṭaguli, aṭagula, aṭagulō | |
genitive | আটাটির, আটাটার aṭaṭir, aṭaṭar |
আটাগুলির, আটাগুলার, আটাগুলোর aṭagulir, aṭagular, aṭagulōr | |
locative | আটাটিতে, আটাটাতে, আটাটায় aṭaṭite, aṭaṭate, aṭaṭaẏ |
আটাগুলিতে, আটাগুলাতে, আটাগুলায়, আটাগুলোতে aṭagulite, aṭagulate, aṭagulaẏ, aṭagulōte | |
Objective Note: In some dialects -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke). |
See also
[edit]- ময়দা (moẏoda, “refined flour”)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀλέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 65
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*ārta2”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Assamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assamese lemmas
- Assamese nouns
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese verbs
- Assamese intransitive verbs
- Central Standard Assamese
- Bengali terms inherited from Magadhi Prakrit
- Bengali terms derived from Magadhi Prakrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bengali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bengali/aʈa
- Rhymes:Bengali/aʈa/2 syllables
- Bengali lemmas
- Bengali nouns