像
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]像 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+11 in Chinese, 人+12 in Japanese, 13 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人弓日人 (ONAO), four-corner 27232, composition ⿰亻象)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 116, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1084
- Dae Jaweon: page 247, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 213, character 3
- Unihan data for U+50CF
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 像 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 像 | |
2nd round simp. | 𰁼 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 像 |
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Warring States |
Chu slip and silk script |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ljaŋʔ) : semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 象 (OC *ljaŋʔ, “elephant; image”).
Etymology
[edit]Traditionally thought to be the same word as Old Chinese 象 (*ljaŋʔ, “elephant”) (Han Feizi[1], Karlgren, 1957).
Schuessler (2007) posits that Old Chinese *z- and *s-l- / *s-j- might have merged in Zuo Zhuan and thinks Old Chinese 像 (*ljaŋʔ, “image”) possibly derives from Sino-Tibetan root *la, making it cognate with Tibetan ལད་མོ (lad mo, “imitation, to imitate, mimic”) & ལྷ (lha, “gods, image of a deity”) (however, see there for other etymology), Lepcha ᰗᰰ (klan, “similar”) & ᰗᰰᰜᰶ (klan-lă, “imitation”), Jingpho [script needed] (sum³¹-la³³, “picture, image”) & [script needed] (num³¹-la³³, “ghost”). Geilich (1994) adds Tibetan ལྡེམ (ldem, “statue, idol”) yet connects the Tibeto-Burman items to Old Chinese 似 (*ljɯʔ).
Doublet of 佯 (yáng, “to feign”) and 樣/样 (yàng, “appearance”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiang4 / qiang4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qiong5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xion3
- Northern Min (KCR): siōng
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiông
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zhian
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian4 / sian5 / cian5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siàng
- Wade–Giles: hsiang4
- Yale: syàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq
- Palladius: сян (sjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xiang4 / qiang4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiang / kiang
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiaŋ²¹³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- xiang4 - noun ("likeness");
- qiang4 - verb[1].
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zoeng6
- Yale: jeuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng6
- Guangdong Romanization: zêng6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: diang5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiaŋ³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qiong5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiong / siong
- Hakka Romanization System: qiong / xiong
- Hagfa Pinyim: qiong4 / xiong4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯oŋ⁵⁵/, /si̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- qiong - vernacular;
- xiong - literary.
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xion3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siōng
- Sinological IPA (key): /siɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiông
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiōⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tshiōnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: chvioi
- IPA (Tainan): /t͡sʰiɔ̃³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔ̃²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōng
- Tâi-lô: siōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: siong
- IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siāng
- Tâi-lô: siāng
- Phofsit Daibuun: siang
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ²²/
- chhiūⁿ/chhiǔⁿ/chhiōⁿ - vernacular;
- siōng/siǒng/siāng - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: siang6 / ciên6 / cion6 / siên3 / sion3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siăng / tshiĕⁿ / tshiŏⁿ / sièⁿ / siòⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /siaŋ³⁵/, /t͡sʰĩẽ³⁵/, /t͡sʰĩõ³⁵/, /sĩẽ²¹³/, /sĩõ²¹³/
- siang6 - literary;
- ciên6/cion6/siên3/sion3 - vernacular (ciên6/siên3 - Chaozhou).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 像 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɑŋ⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /ɕiaŋ⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕiɑŋ⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiaŋ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /siaŋ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /siaŋ³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /ɕiɔ̃²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiɑ̃¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕiɑŋ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕiaŋ³⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiaŋ³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰiaŋ¹³/ /ɕiaŋ¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹³/ 不~他 /ɕiaŋ²¹³/ ~片 | |
Kunming | /ɕiã̠²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /siaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiɑ̃⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /ɕyə³⁵/ 相像 | |
Hohhot | /ɕiɑ̃⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ʑiã²³/ |
Suzhou | /ziã³¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiɑŋ¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ji³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰia³⁵/ /t͡sʰia²²/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sʰiau²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /sian⁵⁵/ /sian¹¹/ /t͡sian¹¹/ |
Xiangtan | /d͡zian²¹/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ²¹/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰioŋ⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /sioŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sœŋ²²/ |
Nanning | /t͡sœŋ²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sœŋ²²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /siɔŋ²²/ /t͡sʰiũ²²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /siɔŋ³³/ /siɔŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰiõ³⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /siaŋ³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: zjangX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[d]aŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ljaŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]像
- picture; image; photograph; figure
- statue; figure; sculpture
- to resemble; to be like
- to take for example; for example; for instance; such as
- Synonym: 比如 (bǐrú)
- (mathematics) image (of a function)
Synonyms
[edit]- (photograph):
- (to be like):
- 不啻 (bùchì) (literary)
- 似 (ci5) (Cantonese, Classical Chinese)
- 似乎 (sìhū)
- 似如 (si4 y2) (Xiang)
- 像係/像系 (Hakka)
- 像是 (xiàngshì)
- 儼如/俨如 (yǎnrú) (literary)
- 儼然/俨然 (yǎnrán)
- 儼若/俨若 (yǎnruò) (literary)
- 勝如/胜如 (5sen-zy) (Wu)
- 好似 (hǎosì)
- 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
- 如同 (rútóng)
- 好比 (hǎobǐ)
- 宛 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
- 宛如 (wǎnrú) (literary)
- 宛然 (wǎnrán) (literary)
- 宛若 (wǎnruò) (literary)
- 就像 (jiùxiàng)
- 彷彿/仿佛 (fǎngfú)
- 忽如 (hūrú) (literary)
- 恍若 (huǎngruò)
- 敢若 (Hokkien)
- 敢若是 (Hokkien)
- 𣍐輸/𫧃输 (bē-su) (Hokkien)
- 有如 (yǒurú) (formal)
- 猶似/犹似 (yóusì) (literary)
- 猶像/犹像 (yóuxiàng) (literary)
- 猶如/犹如 (yóurú) (formal)
- 甲像 (Hokkien)
- 甲像是 (Hokkien)
- 甲親像/甲亲像 (Hokkien)
- 看上去 (kàn shàngqù)
- 看似 (kànsì)
- 看來/看来 (kànlái)
- 看樣子/看样子 (kànyàngzi)
- 看起來/看起来 (kànqilai)
- 若 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
- 若像 (Hokkien)
- 若親像/若亲像 (Hokkien)
- 表面上 (biǎomiànshang)
- 親像/亲像 (Hakka, Hokkien)
- 象 (xiàng)
- 貌似 (màosì)
- 賽可/赛可 (Ningbonese)
- 較像/较像 (Hokkien)
- 較像是/较像是 (Hokkien)
- 較親像/较亲像 (Hokkien)
- 顯得/显得 (xiǎnde)
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 似 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 像 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 像 |
Malaysia | 像 | |
Singapore | 像 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 像 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 像 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 像 |
Wuhan | 像 | |
Guilin | 像 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 似 |
Hong Kong | 似 | |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 似 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 似 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 像 |
Lichuan | 像 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 像 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 像 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 像 |
Taipei | 像 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 像 | |
Kaohsiung | 像 | |
Yilan | 像 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 像 | |
Taichung | 像 | |
Tainan | 像 | |
Hsinchu | 像 | |
Kinmen | 像 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 像 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 𫝛, macam | |
Chaozhou | 然 | |
Shantou | 然 | |
Jieyang | 然 | |
Puning | 肖 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 然, macam | |
Batam (Teochew) | 然, macam | |
Haikou | 像 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 像 |
Wu | Danyang | 像 |
Ningbo | 像, 像人家, 像家 |
Compounds
[edit]- 不像
- 不像人樣/不像人样
- 不像意
- 不像樣/不像样 (bùxiàngyàng)
- 不像話/不像话 (bùxiànghuà)
- 亮像
- 人像 (rénxiàng)
- 佛像 (fóxiàng)
- 倒像
- 倒立像
- 假人像
- 偶像 (ǒuxiàng)
- 像心
- 像意
- 像態/像态
- 像是 (xiàngshì)
- 像樣/像样 (xiàngyàng)
- 像模像樣/像模像样
- 像片
- 像片簿
- 像生
- 像生兒/像生儿
- 像生花
- 像素 (xiàngsù)
- 像胎
- 像話/像话 (xiànghuà)
- 像貌 (xiàngmào)
- 像贊/像赞
- 像銀/像银
- 像章
- 兒女像/儿女像
- 動態影像/动态影像
- 動畫影像/动画影像
- 半身像 (bànshēnxiàng)
- 印像紙/印像纸
- 原像 (yuánxiàng)
- 可想像
- 哪像
- 四不像 (sìbùxiàng)
- 圖像/图像 (túxiàng)
- 坐像 (zuòxiàng)
- 塑像 (sùxiàng)
- 外像
- 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
- 富於想像/富于想像
- 實像/实像 (shíxiàng)
- 尊像
- 少像
- 形像 (xíngxiàng)
- 影像 (yǐngxiàng)
- 影像合成
- 影像處理/影像处理
- 後像/后像
- 想像 (xiǎngxiàng)
- 想像力 (xiǎngxiànglì)
- 成像 (chéngxiàng)
- 捉取圖像/捉取图像
- 攝像/摄像 (shèxiàng)
- 攝像機/摄像机 (shèxiàngjī)
- 改變形像/改变形像
- 數位影像/数位影像
- 數位照像/数位照像
- 映像 (yìngxiàng)
- 映像管 (yìngxiàngguǎn)
- 標準像/标准像 (biāozhǔnxiàng)
- 正像 (zhèngxiàng)
- 正後像/正后像
- 毛塑像
- 水月鏡像/水月镜像
- 法像
- 活像 (huóxiàng)
- 浴像
- 照像
- 物像 (wùxiàng)
- 獅身人面像/狮身人面像 (Shīshēnrénmiànxiàng)
- 生像 (shēngxiàng)
- 異像/异像
- 畫像/画像 (huàxiàng)
- 畫像石/画像石 (huàxiàngshí)
- 畫像磚/画像砖
- 相像 (xiāngxiàng)
- 石像 (shíxiàng)
- 石膏像
- 磁共振成像
- 神像 (shénxiàng)
- 立像 (lìxiàng)
- 立體影像/立体影像
- 繡像/绣像
- 繪像/绘像
- 美國偶像/美国偶像
- 群像 (qúnxiàng)
- 耍像兒/耍像儿
- 聖像/圣像 (shèngxiàng)
- 聖母像/圣母像
- 肖像 (xiàoxiàng)
- 胸像 (xiōngxiàng)
- 自由女神像 (Zìyóunǚshénxiàng)
- 自由神像 (Zìyóushénxiàng)
- 自畫像/自画像
- 芻像/刍像
- 虛像/虚像 (xūxiàng)
- 蠟像/蜡像 (làxiàng)
- 蠟像館/蜡像馆 (làxiàngguǎn)
- 衛星圖像/卫星图像
- 裸像 (luǒxiàng)
- 解像力
- 負像/负像
- 負後像/负后像
- 造像
- 造像記/造像记
- 遙測影像/遥测影像
- 遺像/遗像 (yíxiàng)
- 金像獎/金像奖 (jīnxiàngjiǎng)
- 銅像/铜像 (tóngxiàng)
- 錄像/录像 (lùxiàng)
- 錄像帶/录像带 (lùxiàngdài)
- 錄像機/录像机 (lùxiàngjī)
- 錄像片/录像片
- ���像/镜像 (jìngxiàng)
- 鐵像/铁像
- 雕像 (diāoxiàng)
- 難以想像/难以想像
- 電視影像/电视影像
- 音像 (yīnxiàng)
- 音像製品/音像制品
- 頭像/头像 (tóuxiàng)
- 顯像/显像
- 顯像液/显像液
- 顯像管/显像管 (xiǎnxiàngguǎn)
- 龍門造像/龙门造像
References
[edit]- “像”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 像 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
像󠄃 像+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
![]() |
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)←ざう (zau, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kun: かた (kata, 像); かたち (katachi, 像); かたどる (katadoru, 像る); にる (niru, 像る)
- Nanori: かた (kata); すえ (sue); のり (nori); み (mi)
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a form of a thing, including god; a figure; a statue; an idol
- an image, a vision
- 社会像
- shakaizō
- a vision of the society
- 社会像
References
[edit]- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 199 (paper), page 149 (digital)
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [상]
Hanja
[edit]像 (eumhun 형상 상 (hyeongsang sang))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Compounds
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term |
---|
像 |
Han character
[edit]像: Hán Việt readings: tượng[1], tương[1]
像: Nôm readings: tượng[1]
- chữ Hán form of tương (“to resemble; to be like”).
- chữ Hán form of tượng (“a figure; a statue; an idol; an image”).
References
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages
- Chinese doublets
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese verbs
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- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
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- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 像
- zh:Mathematics
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese fifth grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぞう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ざう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading しやう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かた
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かたち
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かたど・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading に・る
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading かた
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading すえ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading のり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading み
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 像
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom