尚書

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Chinese

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still; yet; to value
still; yet; to value; to esteem
 
book; letter
trad. (尚書)
simp. (尚书)
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Etymology

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Originally, the person in this position was a lowly clerk, responsible for drafting and editing imperial decrees on behalf of the emperor. Later on, the person in this position became more like a chief of staff who handled all aspects of governance on behalf of the emperor.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Initial () (25) (25) (26)
Final () (105) (105) (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () III III III
Fanqie
Baxter dzyang dzyangH syo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑɨɐŋ/ /d͡ʑɨɐŋH/ /ɕɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɐŋ/ /d͡ʑiɐŋH/ /ɕiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑiɑŋ/ /d͡ʑiɑŋH/ /ɕiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑɨaŋ/ /d͡ʑɨaŋH/ /ɕɨə̆/
Li
Rong
/ʑiaŋ/ /ʑiaŋH/ /ɕiɔ/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭaŋ/ /ʑĭaŋH/ /ɕĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑi̯aŋ/ /ʑi̯aŋH/ /ɕi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cháng shàng shū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
soeng4 soeng6 syu1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shàng shàng shū
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzyangH › ‹ dzyangH › ‹ syo ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]aŋ-s/ /*[d]aŋ-s/ /*s-ta/
English upwards still, yet write

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
No. 11156 11161 17013
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djaŋ/ /*djaŋs/ /*hlja/
Notes

Noun

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尚書

  1. (archaic, position title) secretary; chief of staff

Derived terms

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Proper noun

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尚書

  1. Classic of History (a collection of documents and speeches alleged to have been written by rulers and officials of the early Zhou Dynasty and before)

Synonyms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (尚書):

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
しょう
Grade: S
しょ
Grade: 2
kan'on
Alternative spelling
尙書 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

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Middle Chinese 尚書

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(しょう)(しょ) (Shōsho

  1. Synonym of 書経 (Shokyō)

See also

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Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Proper noun

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尚書

  1. chữ Hán form of thượng thư.