幸福
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Chinese
[edit]fortunate; lucky | good fortune; happiness; luck good fortune; happiness; luck; Fujian province (abbrev.); surname | ||
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simp. and trad. (幸福) |
幸 | 福 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hang6 fuk1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hen-fuk
- Eastern Min (BUC): hâing-hók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yin-foq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sìngfú
- Wade–Giles: hsing4-fu2
- Yale: syìng-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinqfwu
- Palladius: синфу (sinfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiŋ⁵¹ fu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hang6 fuk1
- Yale: hahng fūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: hang6 fuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: heng6 fug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐŋ²² fʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hen-fuk
- Hakka Romanization System: hen fugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hen4 fug5
- Sinological IPA: /hen⁵⁵ fuk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hâing-hók
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɛiŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ (h-)ŋouʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: heangX pjuwk
Adjective
[edit]幸福
- (of one's life, circumstances, etc.) blessed and satisfactory; consummate; joyful; (of a person) living a blessed and contented life
Usage notes
[edit]The meaning of this word is difficult to render accurately in English. It is typically glossed as “happy; happiness” in dictionaries, however, a sharp distinction between 幸福 and some of the other words for “happy�� is made in Chinese.
Xingfu typically refers to a state of long-term happiness with one's life, and implies having a loving family, spouse, or a sense of general well-being. This is in contrast to words such as 開心/开心 (kāixīn) and 快樂/快乐 (kuàilè), which refer to a state of fleeting happiness, or a relatively short elevation in mood that comes with certain news, event, activity, etc.
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]幸福
- sense of contentment stemming from having a blessed and fulfilled life; blissful life or living circumstances; happiness
- 曬幸福/晒幸福 ― shài xìngfú ― to show off one's moments of happiness (on social media)
- 婚姻幸福 ― hūnyīn xìngfú ― to have a happy marriage
- 追求幸福 ― zhuīqiú xìngfú ― to pursue happiness
- 創造幸福/创造幸福 ― chuàngzào xìngfú ― to create happiness in life
- 一點一滴的幸福/一点一滴的幸福 ― yīdiǎnyīdī de xìngfú ― every little bits of happiness in life
Synonyms
[edit]- (literary, or in compounds) 福 (fú)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Bouyei: xinqfuf
Proper noun
[edit]幸福
- (~里) An urban village in Tamsui district, New Taipei, Taiwan
See also
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
幸 | 福 |
こう Grade: 3 |
ふく Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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幸福 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]幸福 • (kōfuku) ←かうふく (kaufuku)?-na (adnominal 幸福な (kōfuku na), adverbial 幸福に (kōfuku ni))
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 幸福
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 幸福だろ | こうふくだろ | kōfuku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 幸福で | こうふくで | kōfuku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 幸福だ | こうふくだ | kōfuku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 幸福な | こうふくな | kōfuku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 幸福なら | こうふくなら | kōfuku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 幸福であれ | こうふくであれ | kōfuku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 幸福ではない 幸福じゃない |
こうふくではない こうふくじゃない |
kōfuku de wa nai kōfuku ja nai |
Informal past | 幸福だった | こうふくだった | kōfuku datta |
Informal negative past | 幸福ではなかった 幸福じゃなかった |
こうふくではなかった こうふくじゃなかった |
kōfuku de wa nakatta kōfuku ja nakatta |
Formal | 幸福です | こうふくです | kōfuku desu |
Formal negative | 幸福ではありません 幸福じゃありません |
こうふくではありません こうふくじゃありません |
kōfuku de wa arimasen kōfuku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 幸福でした | こうふくでした | kōfuku deshita |
Formal negative past | 幸福ではありませんでした 幸福じゃありませんでした |
こうふくではありませんでした こうふくじゃありませんでした |
kōfuku de wa arimasen deshita kōfuku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 幸福で | こうふくで | kōfuku de |
Conditional | 幸福なら(ば) | こうふくなら(ば) | kōfuku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 幸福だったら | こうふくだったら | kōfuku dattara |
Volitional | 幸福だろう | こうふくだろう | kōfuku darō |
Adverbial | 幸福に | こうふくに | kōfuku ni |
Degree | 幸福さ | こうふくさ | kōfukusa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 幸福なら | かうふくなら | kaufukunara | |
Continuative (連用形) | 幸福に[1] 幸福なり[2] |
かうふくに かうふくなり |
kaufukuni kaufukunari | |
Terminal (終止形) | 幸福なり | かうふくなり | kaufukunari | |
Attributive (連体形) | 幸福なる | かうふくなる | kaufukunaru | |
Realis (已然形) | 幸福なれ | かうふくなれ | kaufukunare | |
Imperative (命令形) | 幸福なれ | かうふくなれ | kaufukunare | |
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | 幸福ならず | かうふくならず | kaufukunarazu | |
Contrasting conjunction | 幸福なれど | かうふくなれど | kaufukunaredo | |
Causal conjunction | 幸福なれば | かうふくなれば | kaufukunareba | |
Conditional conjunction | 幸福ならば | かうふくならば | kaufukunaraba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 幸福なりき | かうふくなりき | kaufukunariki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 幸福なりけり | かうふくなりけり | kaufukunarikeri | |
Adverbial | 幸福に | かうふくに | kaufukuni | |
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Synonyms
[edit]- 幸せ (shiawase)
Noun
[edit]幸福 • (kōfuku) ←かうふく (kaufuku)?
Synonyms
[edit]- 幸せ (shiawase)
Derived terms
[edit]- 幸福感 (kōfukukan): feeling of happiness
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
幸 | 福 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
幸 | 福 |
Noun
[edit]幸福
Adjective
[edit]幸福
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