朗
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]朗 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈月 (IIB), four-corner 37720, composition ⿰良月)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14362
- Dae Jaweon: page 884, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2072, character 6
- Unihan data for U+6717
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
朗 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
剆 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
郎 | *raːŋ |
稂 | *raːŋ |
桹 | *raːŋ |
鋃 | *raːŋ |
硠 | *raːŋ |
浪 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
蜋 | *raːŋ, *raŋ |
琅 | *raːŋ |
狼 | *raːŋ |
欴 | *raːŋ |
踉 | *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs |
莨 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
艆 | *raːŋ |
駺 | *raːŋ |
躴 | *raːŋ |
筤 | *raːŋ |
閬 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
哴 | *raːŋ, *raŋs |
蓈 | *raːŋ |
廊 | *raːŋ |
榔 | *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ |
螂 | *raːŋ |
瑯 | *raːŋ |
朗 | *raːŋʔ |
朖 | *raːŋʔ |
誏 | *raːŋʔ |
俍 | *raːŋʔ |
崀 | *raːŋʔ |
埌 | *raːŋs |
蒗 | *raːŋs |
娘 | *naŋ |
良 | *raŋ |
粮 | *raŋ |
悢 | *raŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *raːŋʔ) : phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ) + semantic 月 (“moon”)
Etymology
[edit]Areal etymon. Compare Khmer រង (rɔɔng, “be light, bright, become clear, clarify”), Old Mon to glitter (ˀaråṅ), Burmese ရောင် (raung, “brightness”), အရောင် (a.raung, “appearance, colour, luster”). Possibly related to 亮 (OC raŋh). (Schuessler, 2007)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): long5
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): lāng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6laon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǎng
- Wade–Giles: lang3
- Yale: lǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laang
- Palladius: лан (lan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: long5
- Yale: lóhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: long5
- Guangdong Romanization: long5
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔːŋ¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lóng / long
- Hakka Romanization System: longˋ / long
- Hagfa Pinyim: long3 / long4
- Sinological IPA: /loŋ³¹/, /loŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃aŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láng
- Tâi-lô: láng
- Phofsit Daibuun: larng
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /laŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /laŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lang
- Tâi-lô: lang
- Phofsit Daibuun: lafng
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /laŋ⁴⁴/
- láng/lang - vernacular;
- lóng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: langX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rˤaŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]朗
- clear; bright
- loud and clear
- (literary) understanding; enlightened
Compounds
[edit]- 不朗朗
- 伊朗 (Yīlǎng)
- 伊朗高原 (Yīlǎng Gāoyuán)
- 健朗 (jiànlǎng)
- 光朗朗
- 克朗 (kèlǎng)
- 勃朗峰 (Bólǎng Fēng)
- 勃朗特
- 勃朗運動/勃朗运动 (Bólǎng yùndòng)
- 天朗氣清/天朗气清 (tiānlǎngqìqīng)
- 天清氣朗/天清气朗
- 布朗族 (Bùlǎngzú)
- 布朗運動/布朗运动 (Bùlǎng yùndòng)
- 明朗 (mínglǎng)
- 晃朗
- 晴朗 (qínglǎng)
- 書聲朗朗/书声朗朗
- 月朗風清/月朗风清
- 朗如 (Lǎngrú)
- 朗巴兒/朗巴儿
- 朗悟
- 朗抱
- 朗暢/朗畅
- 朗月
- 朗月清風/朗月清风
- 朗朗 (lǎnglǎng)
- 朗朗上口 (lǎnglǎngshàngkǒu)
- 朗朗雲天/朗朗云天
- 朗朗高談/朗朗高谈
- 朗格的
- 朗照
- 朗目疏眉
- 朗聲/朗声 (lǎngshēng)
- 朗誦/朗诵 (lǎngsòng)
- 朗誦詩/朗诵诗
- 朗誦調/朗诵调
- 朗讀/朗读 (lǎngdú)
- 朗鑒/朗鉴
- 清朗 (qīnglǎng)
- 清風朗月/清风朗月
- 燎朗
- 爽朗 (shuǎnglǎng)
- 珠穆朗瑪/珠穆朗玛 (Zhūmùlǎngmǎ)
- 白朗寧/白朗宁
- 白朗峰
- 目若朗星
- 眉清目朗
- 硬朗
- 神清氣朗/神清气朗
- 科朗 (kēlǎng)
- 秦庭朗鏡/秦庭朗镜
- 豁朗
- 豁然開朗/豁然开朗 (huòránkāilǎng)
- 軒朗/轩朗
- 通朗
- 遼朗/辽朗
- 開朗/开朗 (kāilǎng)
- 雋朗/隽朗
- 風恬日朗/风恬日朗
- 風恬月朗/风恬月朗
- 風清月朗/风清月朗
- 高朗
- 高聲朗誦/高声朗诵
References
[edit]- “朗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 朗 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
朗 朗
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朗󠄀 朗+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
朗󠄆 朗+ 󠄆 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit](Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 朗)
- (visually) bright, clear
- (auditorily) sonorant, clear
- (psychologically) merry, cheerful
- Used in personal names.
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ろう (rō, Jōyō)←らう (rau, historical)
- Kan-on: ろう (rō, Jōyō)←らう (rau, historical)
- Kun: ほがらか (hogaraka, 朗らか, Jōyō); あきらか (akiraka, 朗らか); ほがら (hogara, 朗ら)
- Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); お (o); さえ (sae); とき (toki); ほがら (hogara); ろ (ro)
Compounds
[edit]- 晴朗 (seirō)
References
[edit]- ^ “朗”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 朗 (MC langX). Recorded as Middle Korean 랑 (lang) (Yale: lang) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [낭(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾa̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [랑]
Hanja
[edit]朗 (eumhun 밝을 랑 (balgeul rang), word-initial (South Korea) 밝을 낭 (balgeul nang))
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]朗: Hán Việt readings: lãng (
朗: Nôm readings: lẳng[1][2][3][4][5], lặng[1][2][3][4][5], rạng[1][2][3][4][5], lảng[1][2][3][4], lững[1][2][3][4], lãng[1][2][3], lửng[1][2][5], láng[1][2], lắng[1][2], sang[1][2], sáng[1][2], lựng[3][5], lẵng[1], trắng[1], rang[3], lăng[4], lứng[4]
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Nguyễn (2014).
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Trần (2004).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Hồ (1976).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading ろう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading らう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ろう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading らう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ほが・らか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あき・らか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ほが・ら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading あき
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading あきら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading お
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さえ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading とき
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ほがら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ろ
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