索
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]索 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月女戈火 (JBVIF), four-corner 40903, composition ⿳十冖糸)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 918, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27306
- Dae Jaweon: page 1349, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3369, character 9
- Unihan data for U+7D22
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 索 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 糸 (“thread”) + 𣎳 (“strip fibres off a hemp stalk”). Threads (rope) being removed from a fabric.
糸 visually represents the middle interior of the small seal script form, whereas 𣎳 is the three-pointed top part and the left and right lines.
Etymology 1
[edit]simp. and trad. |
索 |
---|
From Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Vietic *ɟaːk (“rope”) (> Vietnamese chạc), Mon ဇုက် (“string; cord; rope; lashing; creeper”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): so2
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sok
- Eastern Min (BUC): só̤h
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7soq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: suǒ
- Wade–Giles: so3
- Yale: swǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoo
- Palladius: со (so)
- Sinological IPA (key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: so2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: so
- Sinological IPA (key): /so²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sok3
- Yale: sok
- Cantonese Pinyin: sok8
- Guangdong Romanization: sog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lhok2-4 / lhok2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɔk̚⁵⁵⁻²¹/, /ɬɔk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- lhok2-4 - noun;
- lhok2 - verb.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sok
- Hakka Romanization System: sogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sog5
- Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: só̤h
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
- Tâi-lô: sok
- Phofsit Daibuun: sog
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
- soh - vernacular;
- sok/sek - literary.
- Middle Chinese: sak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*slaːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]索
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 條子 |
Taiwan | 條子 | |
Langfang | 條子 | |
Chifeng | 條兒 | |
Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 條子 | |
Harbin | 條子, 條 | |
Shenyang | 條子, 索子 | |
Singapore | 索子 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 條子 |
Tangshan | 條子 | |
Cangzhou | 條子 | |
Baoding | 條子 | |
Shijiazhuang | 條子 | |
Jinan | 條子 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 條子 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 條子 |
Zhengzhou | 條 | |
Xi'an | 條, 索 | |
Xining | 條子 | |
Xuzhou | 條 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 條子 |
Lanzhou | 條子, 索子 | |
Ürümqi | 條子 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 條子 |
Chongqing | 條子, 索子 | |
Guiyang | 條子 | |
Kunming | 條子, 索子 | |
Guilin | 索子 | |
Liuzhou | 條子 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 條子 |
Yangzhou | 條子 | |
Nantong | 條 | |
Hefei | 條子 | |
Huanggang | 條子, 索子 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 索子 |
Gan | Nanchang | 索子, 條子 |
Lichuan | 索子 | |
Huizhou | Shexian | 條, 索 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 條子, 棍子 |
Xinzhou | 棍子 | |
Linhe | 條子 | |
Jining | 條子 | |
Hohhot | 條子, 棍子 | |
Zhangjiakou | 條子 | |
Handan | 條, 條子 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 索 |
Etymology 2
[edit]simp. and trad. |
索 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𡩡 |
Ultimately Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ស (sɑɑ, “white; to show something clearly”); cognate with 素 (OC *saːs, “colourless; plain”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sok
- Eastern Min (BUC): sáuk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7soq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: suǒ
- Wade–Giles: so3
- Yale: swǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoo
- Palladius: со (so)
- Sinological IPA (key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saak3 / sok3 / suk3
- Yale: saak / sok / suk
- Cantonese Pinyin: saak8 / sok8 / suk8
- Guangdong Romanization: sag3 / sog3 / sug3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːk̚³/, /sɔːk̚³/, /sʊk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sok2
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sok
- Hakka Romanization System: sogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sog5
- Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sáuk
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɑuʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soh
- Tâi-lô: soh
- Phofsit Daibuun: soiq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /soʔ³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɤʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sak
- Tâi-lô: sak
- Phofsit Daibuun: sag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
- Tâi-lô: sok
- Phofsit Daibuun: sog
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- soh/sak - vernacular;
- sok/sek - literary.
- Middle Chinese: srjaek, sreak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sraːɡ/, /*sreːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]索
- to search; to look for; to inquire into
- to request; to demand
- (literary) alone; solitary
- (literary) uninteresting; dull; insipid
Etymology 3
[edit]simp. and trad. |
索 |
---|
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Suǒ
- Wade–Giles: So3
- Yale: Swǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Suoo
- Palladius: Со (So)
- Sinological IPA (key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sok3
- Yale: sok
- Cantonese Pinyin: sok8
- Guangdong Romanization: sog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sok
- Hakka Romanization System: sogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sog5
- Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: sak
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*slaːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]索
- a surname
Etymology 4
[edit]simp. and trad. |
索 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 嗍 欶 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sok3
- Yale: sok
- Cantonese Pinyin: sok8
- Guangdong Romanization: sog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]索
Etymology 5
[edit]simp. and trad. |
索 |
---|
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 嗍, 欶?”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sok3
- Yale: sok
- Cantonese Pinyin: sok8
- Guangdong Romanization: sog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]索
Compounds
[edit]- 一索得男 (yīsuǒdénán)
- 一索成男
- 一落索
- 丁娘十索
- 不假思索 (bùjiǎ-sīsuǒ)
- 不加思索 (bùjiā-sīsuǒ)
- 不索
- 伊索寓言
- 伸鉤索鐵/伸钩索铁
- 便索
- 倒裳索領/倒裳索领
- 全文檢索/全文检索
- 八索
- 八索九丘
- 冥思苦索 (míngsīkǔsuǒ)
- 則索/则索
- 勒索 (lèsuǒ)
- 原索動物/原索动物
- 只索
- 名韁利索/名缰利索
- 吹毛索疵
- 國際索償/国际索偿
- 坐索
- 培格索斯
- 外高加索 (Wài Gāojiāsuǒ)
- 大索
- 奔車朽索/奔车朽索
- 套索 (tàosuǒ)
- 婪索
- 尋瑕索瘢/寻瑕索瘢
- 導爆索/导爆索
- 尾索動物/尾索动物
- 徽索
- 思索 (sīsuǒ)
- 悉索敝賦/悉索敝赋
- 悉索薄賦/悉索薄赋
- 意興索然/意兴索然
- 戎索
- 戰索索/战索索
- 拉索
- 拍索
- 披索 (pīsuǒ)
- 披麻帶索/披麻带索
- 按圖索驥/按图索骥 (àntúsuǒjì)
- 探奧索隱/探奥索隐
- 探幽索隱/探幽索隐
- 探淵索珠/探渊索珠
- 探索 (tànsuǒ)
- 推索
- 探賾索微/探赜索微
- 探賾索隱/探赜索隐
- 搜索 (sōusuǒ)
- 搜索半徑/搜索半径
- 搜索枯腸/搜索枯肠 (sōusuǒkūcháng)
- 搜索票
- 搜索隊/搜索队
- 搝大索 (khiú-tōa-soh) (Min Nan)
- 摳摳索索/抠抠索索
- 摸索 (mōsuǒ)
- 撲索/扑索
- 擿埴索塗/擿埴索涂
- 敲詐勒索/敲诈勒索 (qiāozhàlèsuǒ)
- 智盡能索/智尽能索
- 暗中摸索
- 暌索
- 木索
- 枯索 (kūsuǒ)
- 枯魚銜索/枯鱼衔索
- 檢索/检索 (jiǎnsuǒ)
- 比索 (bǐsuǒ)
- 氣索/气索
- 求索 (qiúsuǒ)
- 決裂索性/决裂索性
- 泛索
- 沮索
- 洗垢索瘢
- 消索
- 漫天索價/漫天索价
- 滾肚索/滚肚索
- 犬馬齒索/犬马齿索
- 瑟索
- 百索
- 知盡能索/知尽能索
- 索倫/索伦 (Suǒlún)
- 索債/索债 (suǒzhài)
- 索價/索价
- 索利
- 索取 (suǒqǔ)
- 索合
- 索命 (suǒmìng)
- 索垢尋疵/索垢寻疵
- 索婦/索妇
- 索子 (suǒzi)
- 索寞 (suǒmò)
- 索居 (suǒjū)
- 索引 (suǒyǐn)
- 索強如/索强如
- 索性
- 索放
- 索是
- 索書號碼/索书号码
- 索橋/索桥
- 索欠
- 索河 (Suǒhé)
- 索然 (suǒrán)
- 索然寡味 (suǒránguǎwèi)
- 索然無味/索然无味 (suǒránwúwèi)
- 索爾/索尔 (suǒ'ěr)
- 索盡枯腸/索尽枯肠
- 索米長安/索米长安
- 索粉
- 索索
- 索羅/索罗
- 索興/索兴
- 索落
- 索薪
- 索虜/索虏
- 索討/索讨
- 索訶/索诃
- 索賄/索贿 (suǒhuì)
- 索賠/索赔 (suǒpéi)
- 索道 (suǒdào)
- 索隱/索隐
- 索隱行怪/索隐行怪
- 索頭/索头
- 索頭虜/索头虏
- 索馬利亞/���马利亚 (Suǒmǎlìyà)
- 索鬧/索闹
- 索麵/索面
- 絃索/弦索
- 絆馬索/绊马索 (bànmǎsuǒ)
- 絞索/绞索 (jiǎosuǒ)
- 網路索引/网路索引
- 線索/线索 (xiànsuǒ)
- 繩索/绳索 (shéngsuǒ)
- 脊索 (jǐsuǒ)
- 脊索動物/脊索动物 (jǐsuǒ dòngwù)
- 興味索然/兴味索然 (xìngwèisuǒrán)
- 興致索然/兴致索然
- 落索
- 蒱睃摸索
- 蒐索 (sōusuǒ)
- 蕭索/萧索 (xiāosuǒ)
- 衣索比亞/衣索比亚 (Yīsuǒbǐyà)
- 覓索/觅索
- 謁索/谒索
- 貫索/贯索
- 資料索引/资料索引
- 資訊檢索/资讯检索
- 賴索托/赖索托 (Làisuǒtuō)
- 走索
- 走繩索/走绳索
- 跳天索地
- 跳百索
- 跳索
- 跳馬索/跳马索
- 踩軟索/踩软索
- 追索 (zhuīsuǒ)
- 追索權/追索权
- 連索/连索
- 郭索
- 金石索
- 鉤索/钩索
- 鉤索羅織/钩索罗织
- 鋼索/钢索 (gāngsuǒ)
- 鐵索/铁索
- 鐵索郎當/铁索郎当
- 離群索居/离群索居 (líqúnsuǒjū)
- 雷達搜索/雷达搜索
- 需索
- 霍索
- 頂橦踏索/顶橦踏索
- 須索/须索
- 高加索 (Gāojiāsuǒ)
- 黑克索斯
- 點索/点索
References
[edit]- “Entry #6503”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- string, thread
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 索 (MC srjaek|sreak). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: sóyk) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰɛk̚] ~ [sʰe̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [색/섹]
Hanja
[edit]索 (eumhun 찾을 색 (chajeul saek))
- hanja form? of 색 (“to search”)
- hanja form? of 색 (“to request; to demand”)
- hanja form? of 색 (“to inquire”)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 索 (MC sak). Recorded as Middle Korean 삭〮 (sák) (Yale: sák) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [삭]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Chữ Hán
[edit]索: Hán Nôm readings: sách, tác, xách
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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