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U+B124, 네
HANGUL SYLLABLE NE
Composition: +

[U+B123]
Hangul Syllables
[U+B125]
See also: -네




너 ←→ 녀

Jeju

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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See Korean (ne).

Determiner

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(ne)

  1. four

Etymology 2

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See Korean (nae).

Noun

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(ne)

  1. smoke

References

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  • ” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

Korean

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Etymology 1

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First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean  (Yale: *nay).

In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 네〯 (Yale: něy).

Beyond Middle Korean, the reconstruction of the ancestral Koreanic root for "four" is difficult. See a list of relevant attestations and forms in Appendix:Historical Koreanic numerals#Four.

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ne̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ne
McCune–Reischauer?ne
Yale Romanization?nēy

Determiner

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Korean numbers (edit)
40
[a], [b], [c] ←  3 4 5  → [a], [b]
    Native isol.: (net)
    Native attr.: (ne), (dated) (neok), (archaic) (neo)
    Sino-Korean: (sa)
    Hanja:
    Ordinal: 넷째 (netjjae)

(ne)

  1. (native numeral) four (of something)
    학생 haksaeng ne myeongfour students
    비둘기 마리bidulgi ne marifour pigeons
    그림 있습니다.Ne gae-ui geurim-i itseumnida.There are four pictures.
Usage notes
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In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

  • 반(班) (se ban, three school classes, native numeral)
  • 반(班) (sam ban, Class Number Three, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

  • 하나 주세 (hana-man deo juse-yo, Could you give me just one more, please, native numeral)
  • 더하기 ? (il deohagi ir-eun?, What's one plus one?, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

Etymology 2

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Probably from the same source as (ye), plausibly *녜 (*nye) (apparently not directly attested).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ne
McCune–Reischauer?ne
Yale Romanization?ney

Interjection

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(ne)

  1. (polite) yes
    , 습니다.Ne, al-get-seumnida.Yes, I understand.
Usage notes
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  • Korean has a number of words for "yes". (ye) is highly polite and formal, appropriate in an interview; (ne) is polite but less formal, appropriate in a conversation with parents; and (eung) and (eo) are plain and non-formal, appropriate in a conversation with friends.

Etymology 3

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nominative
From Middle Korean 네〯 (ně-y).
Equivalent to a contraction of (neo, you) +‎ (-i, nominative case marker), which is no longer grammatically accepted.
genitive
From Middle Korean (nèy).
Equivalent to a contraction of (neo, you) +‎ (-ui, genitive case marker).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ni/ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ni/ne
McCune–Reischauer?ni/ne
Yale Romanization?ni/ney

Pronoun

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(ne)

  1. Form of (neo, you):
    1. Only used in 네가 (nega): the nominative form of (neo, you).
    2. your; genitive of (neo, you).
Usage notes
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  • Usually pronounced (ni) to avoid homophony with (nae, I, me; my). The (ne) pronunciation is still used in reading literature, songs, etc.
  • (nominative): (neo-ga) is increasingly common.
  • (genitive): (neo) used attributively, without any genitive marking, is also common.

Etymology 4

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Related to 누구 (nugu). Possibly descended from 뉘〯 (Yale: nwǔy).

Pronoun

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(ne)

  1. (Russia) who, whom
    • 2015 February 18, 신 크세이냐 본서너브나 [sin keuseinya bonseoneobeuna], “내 덕에 먹고 산다 [nae deoge meokgo sanda]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎[1], 우즈베키스탄 타쉬켄트 이크마을 [ujeubekiseutan taswikenteu ikeuma'eul]:
      는가?
      Ya neo-neun ne deog-e sa-neun'ga?
      Hey, thanks to who is it that you live well?