Rus
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Earlier form Russ from German Russe etc., from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). More recent use influenced by Russian Русь (Rusʹ), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Use with macron was probably influenced by the transliteration of Arabic رُوس (rūs).
Compare Russ, Russian, Russie, Russniak, Rusyn, Ruthenian.
Also compare Swedish Ryss, Dutch Rus, German Russe, French Russe, Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs), Russian Русь (Rusʹ), Belarusian Русь (Rusʹ), Ukrainian Русь (Rusʹ). Also compare Russian ру́сский (rússkij, “Ethnic Russian, of Rus”), россия́нин (rossijánin, “Russian national”), Росси́я (Rossíja, “Russia”).
See further Etymology of Rus and derivatives.
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Rus (countable and uncountable, plural Rus)
- A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev and the Volga and Dnieper gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.]
- 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 504:
- In 860 the Rus’ streamed southwards and laid siege to Constantinople itself.
- Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev.
- Any of the medieval East Slavic principalities ruled by this class, especially Kievan Rus.
- (poetic) The nation of Russia, especially in a transcendent or romantic sense referring to the history and culture of the country.
Usage notes
[edit]This neutral term is used more often instead of Russia or medieval Russia, acknowledging that the Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian people share the heritage of Rus.
With this innovation, it is sometimes unclear how to replace the adjective Russian in the same context. Alternatives include using the attributive noun, as in “the Rus princes”, or rewriting to use “of Rus”. The nonstandard adjective Rusian is seen very rarely.
Synonyms
[edit]- (Scandinavians in Eastern Europe): Varangians
- (Kievan Rus): Kievan Rus, Kievan Rus', Kyivan Rus, Kyivan Rus'
- (East Slavic principalities): Rus' principalities
- (Russia): Kiev, Kyiv
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- Belarus, Belarusian
- Little Russia, Little Russian
- Rusnak, Rusniak
- Russia, Russian
- Belarus, Belarusian, Bielorussia, Bielorussian
- Rusyn
- Ruthenia, Ruthene, Ruthenian
Translations
[edit]
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Noun
[edit]Rus (plural Rus)
- A person from Rus.
- 1959, Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, Kiev Rus, Foreign Languages Pub. House, p 244:
- And if a Rus hits a Greek, or a Greek a Rus with a sword, a spear or any other weapon, he shall pay five litres of silver for his offence, in accordance with Rus law; and if he be unable (insolvent—Author) his property shall be sold for the best price it fetches, including the very clothes . . .
- 1959, Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Solov’ev, History of Russia from the Earliest Times [2000], v 3 (The Shift Northward: Kievan Rus, 1154–1228), p 223:
- If a Varangian claimed money from a Rus, or a Rus from a Varangian, and the debtor refused to pay, the plaintiff, accompanied by twelve witnesses, . . .
- 1973, Donald W. Treadgold, The West in Russia and China: Religious and Secular Thought in Modern Times, v 1 (Russia, 1472–1917), →ISBN, p xxxv:
- The Church of Kievan Rus knew men well-versed in Scripture and apparently other learning of the time, such as the Metropolitans Ioann II (d. 1089) and Klimetn Smoliatich (twelfth century). The former was Greek, and the latter a Rus.
- 1959, Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, Kiev Rus, Foreign Languages Pub. House, p 244:
References
[edit]- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
- John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “Rus”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
Anagrams
[edit]Afrikaans
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus (plural Russe, diminutive Russie)
- Russian (person from Russia or of Russian descent)
Related terms
[edit]Central Franconian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus f (plural Ruse, diminutive Rüsje or Riesche)
- (most dialects) rose
Usage notes
[edit]- The diminutive Rüsje is Ripuarian; the form Riesche is Moselle Franconian.
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus m anim (female equivalent Ruska)
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Rus f
- (literary) Russia
- mátuška Rus ― Mother Russia
- (historical) Rus
- Kyjevská Rus ― Kievan Rus
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “Rus”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “Rus”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus m (plural Russen, diminutive Rusje n, feminine Russin)
Derived terms
[edit]Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From rusy or Rus ("Ruthenian" or "Russian").
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Rus m pers
- a male surname
Declension
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Rus f (indeclinable)
- a female surname
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From rus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Proper noun
[edit]Rus m
- A village in Dumbrăvița, Maramureș, Romania
- A commune of Sălaj, Romania
- A village in Rus, Sălaj, Romania
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Rȕs m (Cyrillic spelling Ру̏с)
- Russian (male person)
Declension
[edit]Slovak
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus m anim (genitive singular Rusa, nominative plural Rusi, genitive plural Rusov, declension pattern of chlap)
- Russian (person)
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “Rus”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rȗs m anim (female equivalent Rúsinja)
- Russian (male person)
Inflection
[edit]Masculine anim., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | Rús | ||
gen. sing. | Rúsa | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
Rús | Rúsa | Rúsi |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
Rúsa | Rúsov | Rúsov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
Rúsu | Rúsoma | Rúsom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
Rúsa | Rúsa | Rúse |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
Rúsu | Rúsih | Rúsih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
Rúsom | Rúsoma | Rúsi |
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “Rus”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “Rus”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Turkish
[edit]Noun
[edit]Rus
- A Russian person (nationality)
- English terms derived from German
- English terms derived from Old East Slavic
- English terms derived from Russian
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/uːs
- Rhymes:English/uːs/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/ʌs
- Rhymes:English/ʌs/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- English poetic terms
- English nouns
- en:Belarus
- en:Demonyms
- en:Russia
- en:Ukraine
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- af:Russia
- af:Nationalities
- Central Franconian terms inherited from Old High German
- Central Franconian terms derived from Old High German
- Central Franconian terms derived from Latin
- Central Franconian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Central Franconian lemmas
- Central Franconian nouns
- Central Franconian feminine nouns
- gmw-cfr:Flowers
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech animate nouns
- Czech masculine animate nouns
- Czech hard masculine animate nouns
- Czech proper nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech literary terms
- Czech terms with collocations
- Czech terms with historical senses
- Czech uncountable nouns
- Czech i-stem feminine nouns
- cs:Russia
- cs:Male people
- cs:Nationalities
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏs
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏs/1 syllable
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Bargoens
- nl:Nationalities
- nl:Russia
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/us
- Rhymes:Polish/us/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- Polish surnames
- Polish male surnames
- Polish indeclinable nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish female surnames
- Romanian terms with audio links
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian proper nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns
- ro:Villages in Maramureș County, Romania
- ro:Villages in Romania
- ro:Places in Maramureș County, Romania
- ro:Places in Romania
- ro:Places in Sălaj County, Romania
- ro:Villages in Sălaj County, Romania
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Russia
- sh:Male people
- sh:Nationalities
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak masculine nouns
- Slovak animate nouns
- sk:Russia
- sk:Male people
- sk:Nationalities
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene masculine animate nouns
- Slovene masculine nouns
- Slovene animate nouns
- Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns
- sl:Russia
- sl:Male people
- sl:Nationalities
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns