connaître
French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French conoistre, from Late Latin conōscere, from Latin cognōscere.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]connaître
- (transitive) to know (of), to be familiar with (a person, place, fact, event)
- (transitive) to know, to experience (glory, hunger, problems etc.)
- (transitive, archaic, euphemistic) to know (sexually)
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to be knowledgeable (en about)
- C’est toi qui t’y connais! ― You're the expert! (literally, “It is you who knows!”)
- (law, somewhat archaic) to hear or examine judicially; to judge or decide judicially
- 1849 August 9, “Loi du 9 août 1849 sur l'état de siège [Law of 9 August 1849 on State of Siege]”, in Légifrance[1], published 2004-12-21:
- Après la levée de l’état de siège, les tribunaux militaires continuent de connaître des crimes et délits dont la poursuite leur avait été déférée.
- After the lifting of the state of siege, the military tribunals continue to address crimes and offences whose prosecution has been submitted to them.
Usage notes
[edit]In the sense of "to know something to be true", the verb savoir is used.
Conjugation
[edit]This verb is one of a fairly small group of -re verbs, that are all conjugated the same way. They are unlike other verb groups in that the 'i' is given a circumflex before a 't'.
infinitive | simple | connaître | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | connaissant /kɔ.nɛ.sɑ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | connu /kɔ.ny/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | connais /kɔ.nɛ/ |
connais /kɔ.nɛ/ |
connaît /kɔ.nɛ/ |
connaissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɔ̃/ |
connaissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ or /kɔ.ne.se/ |
connaissent /kɔ.nɛs/ |
imperfect | connaissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
connaissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
connaissait /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
connaissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/ |
connaissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /kɔ.ne.sje/ |
connaissaient /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | connus /kɔ.ny/ |
connus /kɔ.ny/ |
connut /kɔ.ny/ |
connûmes /kɔ.nym/ |
connûtes /kɔ.nyt/ |
connurent /kɔ.nyʁ/ | |
future | connaîtrai /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁe/ |
connaîtras /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁa/ |
connaîtra /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁa/ |
connaîtrons /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/ |
connaîtrez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁe/ |
connaîtront /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | connaîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
connaîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
connaîtrait /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
connaîtrions /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁi.jɔ̃/ |
connaîtriez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.je/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁi.je/ |
connaîtraient /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | connaisse /kɔ.nɛs/ |
connaisses /kɔ.nɛs/ |
connaisse /kɔ.nɛs/ |
connaissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/ |
connaissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /kɔ.ne.sje/ |
connaissent /kɔ.nɛs/ |
imperfect2 | connusse /kɔ.nys/ |
connusses /kɔ.nys/ |
connût /kɔ.ny/ |
connussions /kɔ.ny.sjɔ̃/ |
connussiez /kɔ.ny.sje/ |
connussent /kɔ.nys/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | connais /kɔ.nɛ/ |
— | connaissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɔ̃/ |
connaissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ or /kɔ.ne.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
This verb is one of a fairly small group of -re verbs, that are all conjugated the same way. They are unlike other verb groups in that the 'i' is given a circumflex before a 't'.
infinitive | simple | se connaître | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | se connaissant /sə kɔ.nɛ.sɑ̃/ or /sə kɔ.ne.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant or étant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | connu /kɔ.ny/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | me connais /mə kɔ.nɛ/ |
te connais /tə kɔ.nɛ/ |
se connaît /sə kɔ.nɛ/ |
nous connaissons /nu kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ or /nu kɔ.ne.sɔ̃/ |
vous connaissez /vu kɔ.nɛ.se/ or /vu kɔ.ne.se/ |
se connaissent /sə kɔ.nɛs/ |
imperfect | me connaissais /mə kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /mə kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
te connaissais /tə kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /tə kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
se connaissait /sə kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /sə kɔ.ne.sɛ/ |
nous connaissions /nu kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /nu kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/ |
vous connaissiez /vu kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /vu kɔ.ne.sje/ |
se connaissaient /sə kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /sə kɔ.ne.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | me connus /mə kɔ.ny/ |
te connus /tə kɔ.ny/ |
se connut /sə kɔ.ny/ |
nous connûmes /nu kɔ.nym/ |
vous connûtes /vu kɔ.nyt/ |
se connurent /sə kɔ.nyʁ/ | |
future | me connaîtrai /mə kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /mə kɔ.ne.tʁe/ |
te connaîtras /tə kɔ.nɛ.t��a/ or /tə kɔ.ne.tʁa/ |
se connaîtra /sə kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ or /sə kɔ.ne.tʁa/ |
nous connaîtrons /nu kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /nu kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/ |
vous connaîtrez /vu kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /vu kɔ.ne.tʁe/ |
se connaîtront /sə kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /sə kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | me connaîtrais /mə kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /mə kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
te connaîtrais /tə kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /tə kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
se connaîtrait /sə kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /sə kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ |
nous connaîtrions /nu kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ or /nu kɔ.ne.tʁi.jɔ̃/ |
vous connaîtriez /vu kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.je/ or /vu kɔ.ne.tʁi.je/ |
se connaîtraient /sə kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /sə kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of s'être + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of s'être + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of s'être + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | me connaisse /mə kɔ.nɛs/ |
te connaisses /tə kɔ.nɛs/ |
se connaisse /sə kɔ.nɛs/ |
nous connaissions /nu kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /nu kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/ |
vous connaissiez /vu kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /vu kɔ.ne.sje/ |
se connaissent /sə kɔ.nɛs/ |
imperfect2 | me connusse /mə kɔ.nys/ |
te connusses /tə kɔ.nys/ |
se connût /sə kɔ.ny/ |
nous connussions /nu kɔ.ny.sjɔ̃/ |
vous connussiez /vu kɔ.ny.sje/ |
se connussent /sə kɔ.nys/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | connais-toi /kɔ.nɛ.twa/ |
— | connaissons-nous /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃.nu/ or /kɔ.ne.sɔ̃.nu/ |
connaissez-vous /kɔ.nɛ.se.vu/ or /kɔ.ne.se.vu/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “connaître”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- “connaître” in Dictionnaire français en ligne Larousse.
- “connaître” in Dico en ligne Le Robert.
Anagrams
[edit]Norman
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- counaîte (France, Guernsey)
Etymology
[edit]From Old French conoistre, from Late Latin conōscere, from Latin cognōscere.
Verb
[edit]connaître
Derived terms
[edit]- connaître de vue (“to know by sight”)
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Late Latin
- French terms derived from Late Latin
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- fr:Law
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- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms inherited from Late Latin
- Norman terms derived from Late Latin
- Norman terms inherited from Latin
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- Norman lemmas
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- Jersey Norman