kultura
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish cultura.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]kultura inan
- culture
- euskal kultura ― Basque culture
- refinement, culture
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Derived from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”),[1] from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kultura f
- arts
- culture (arts, customs and habits)
- (microbiology) culture
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “kultura”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda
Further reading
[edit]- “kultura”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “kultura”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “kultura”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Esperanto
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]kultura (accusative singular kulturan, plural kulturaj, accusative plural kulturajn)
Ladino
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin cultūra (“culture”) (compare Spanish cultura), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“I till, cultivate”).
Noun
[edit]kultura f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling קולטורה)
- culture
- kultura djudia ― Jewish culture
Related terms
[edit]Maltese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Italian cultura.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kultura f (plural kulturi)
- culture
- il-kultura Maltija ― Maltese culture
Related terms
[edit]Masurian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kultura f
- culture (level of civilization)
- culture (social spiritual and material achievements)
- culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
Further reading
[edit]- Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “kultura”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 3, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 381
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Kultur or French culture, ultimately from Latin cultūra.[1][2][3][4] First attested in 1732.[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ura
- Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra
Noun
[edit]kultura f (diminutive kulturka, related adjective kulturowy, abbreviation kult.)
- (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
- (countable) culture (the beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life)
- (uncountable) skill level (level of knowledge or ability in a given field)
- (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
- Synonyms: obycie, ogłada, okrzesanie
- (countable, microbiology) culture (the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium)
- (countable, botany, agriculture) culture (cultivation)
- (countable, agriculture) crops grown on a large field
- (agriculture) culture (structure of arable soil achieved as a result of agrotechnical treatments and rational management; also: these treatments and farming)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), kultura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 55 times in news, 130 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 224 times, making it the 246th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “kultura”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “kultura”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “kultura”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “kultura”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Franciszek Gościecki (1732) Jadwiga Sokołowska, Kazimiera Żukowska, editors, Poeci polskiego Baroku (in Polish), volume 2, published 1965, POSELSTWO WIELKIE JAŚNIE WIELMOŻNEGO STANISŁAWA CHOMENTOWSKIEGO WOJEWODY MAZOWIECKIEGO OD NAJAŚNIEJSZEGO AUGUSTA II, KRÓLA POLSKIEGO, KSIĄŻĘCIA SASKIEGO..., page 461: “Większą pilność mają Grecy i cudzoziemcy, którzy tu mieszkają, Koło tego, albowiem jeden nad drugiego Przesadza się w kulturze wirydarza swego.”
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “kultura”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 208
Further reading
[edit]- kultura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- kultura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 628
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kultúra f (Cyrillic spelling култу́ра)
Declension
[edit]References
[edit]- “kultura” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kultura f
- (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
- (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- kultura in silling.org
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish cultura (“culture”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kulˈtuɾa/ [kʊlˈt̪uː.ɾɐ]
- Rhymes: -uɾa
- Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra
Noun
[edit]kultura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)
- culture
- Synonym: kalinangan
- civilization
- Synonyms: kabihasnan, sibilisasyon
Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “kultura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Basque terms borrowed from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from Spanish
- Basque terms with audio links
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque inanimate nouns
- Basque terms with usage examples
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-
- Czech terms derived from Latin
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio links
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- cs:Microbiology
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Esperanto/ura
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto adjectives
- Ladino terms derived from Latin
- Ladino lemmas
- Ladino nouns
- Ladino nouns in Latin script
- Ladino feminine nouns
- Ladino terms with usage examples
- lad:Culture
- Maltese terms borrowed from Italian
- Maltese terms derived from Italian
- Maltese 3-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese nouns
- Maltese feminine nouns
- Maltese terms with collocations
- Masurian terms derived from Latin
- Masurian terms borrowed from Polish
- Masurian terms derived from Polish
- Masurian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Masurian/ura
- Rhymes:Masurian/ura/3 syllables
- Masurian lemmas
- Masurian nouns
- Masurian feminine nouns
- zlw-mas:Culture
- Polish internationalisms
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ura
- Rhymes:Polish/ura/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish countable nouns
- Polish uncountable nouns
- pl:Microbiology
- pl:Botany
- pl:Agriculture
- pl:Culture
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Silesian terms derived from Latin
- Silesian terms borrowed from Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ura
- Rhymes:Silesian/ura/3 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns
- Silesian countable nouns
- Silesian uncountable nouns
- szl:Culture
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 3-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/uɾa
- Rhymes:Tagalog/uɾa/3 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script