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John IV of Portugal

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John IV
Portrait by Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1628.
King of Portugal
Reign1 December 1640 – 6 November 1656
Coronation15 December 1640
PredecessorPhilip III
SuccessorAfonso VI
Duke of Braganza
Tenure29 November 1630 – 27 October 1645
PredecessorTeodósio II, Duke of Braganza
SuccessorTeodósio, Prince of Brazil
Born(1604-03-19)19 March 1604
Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa, Portugal
Died6 November 1656(1656-11-06) (aged 52)
Ribeira Palace, Portugal
Burial
Pantheon of the House of Braganza
SpouseLuisa de Guzmán (m. 1633)
DynastyBraganza
FatherTeodósio II, Duke of Braganza
MotherAna de Velasco y Girón
ReligionRoman Catholicism
SignatureJohn IV's signature

John IV (Portuguese: João,[1] pronounced: [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), nicknamed John the Restorer (Portuguese: João, o Restaurador), was the King of Portugal whose reign, lasting from 1640 until his death, began the Portuguese restoration of independence from Habsburg Spanish rule. He was chosen to lead the revolt against Spanish rule. He established the House of Braganza on the Portuguese throne, and marked the end of the 60-year-old Iberian Union, by which Portugal and Spain shared the same monarch.

Before becoming king, he was John II, 8th Duke of Braganza. He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza,[2] a claimant to the crown during the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. On the eve of his death in 1656, the Portuguese Empire was at its territorial zenith, spanning the globe.[3]

References

[change | change source]
  1. Also rendered as Joam in Archaic Portuguese
  2. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Portugal" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 148.
  3. D.A. Brading (24 September 1993). The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots and the Liberal State 1492-1866. Cambridge University Press. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-521-44796-6.