Дур
![](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Major_scale1.jpg/220px-Major_scale1.jpg)
Дур у музици означава класу музичких лествица чија су оба тетракорда велика тј. једини полустепени им се налазе измећу трећег и четвртог, и између седмог и осмог (првог) тона.[1] Квинтакорд дурске лествице чине једна велика терца и чиста квинта, у односу на први степен лествице.
Структура
[уреди | уреди извор]![](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/C_major_scale.png/250px-C_major_scale.png)
Интервали од тоникске кључне ноте у правцу нагоре до другог, до трећег, до шестог и до седмог степена скале дурске лествице називају се дур.[2]
Дур лествица је дијатонска лествица. Редослед интервала између нота дурске лествице је:
- цело, цело, пола, цело, цело, цело, пола
где „цело“ означава цео тон (црвена крива у облику слова „U” на слици), а „пола“ означава полутон (црвена угаона линија на слици).[3]
Однос према главним кључевима
[уреди | уреди извор]Бројеви унутар круга показују број оштрица или равнина у потпису кључа, при чему оштре ноте иду у смеру казаљке на сату, а равне ноте у супротном смеру од казаљке на сату од Ц-дура (који нема оштрина или равнина.) Кружни распоред зависи од енхармонских односа у кругу, који се обично рачуна на шест оштрица или равнина за дурске тонове F♯ = G♭ и D♯ = E♭ за молске тонове.[4] Седам оштрих тонова или равнина чине дурске тонове (C♯-дур или C♭-дур) који се могу погодније писати са пет равнина или оштрица (као D♭-дур или B-дур).
Шири смисао
[уреди | уреди извор]Термин „дур лествица“ се користи и у називима неких других лествица чији први, трећи и пети степен чине дурски трозвук.
Хармонијска дурска лествица[5][6] има молску шестину. Од хармонијске молске лествице се разликује само по подизању трећег степена.
![{
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' {
\clef treble \time 7/4
c4^\markup { Harmonic major scale } d e f g aes b c
} }](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/score/f/l/fl7x5fyq143e7msklrk12zmhefyzhn8/fl7x5fyq.png)
Мелодична дурска лествица је комбинована лествица која иде као јонска узлазна и као еолска доминантна силазна. Разликује се од мелодијске молске лествице само по подизању трећег степена до дурске терце.[7]
![{
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' {
\clef treble \time 7/4
c4^\markup { Melodic major (ascending and descending) } d e f g a b c bes aes g f e d c
} }](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/score/g/0/g070zok4i5rfwtlrdo9h8rcr6cnfrqr/g070zok4.png)
Двострука хармонијска дурска лествица[8] има молску секунду и молску шестину. То је пети мод мађарске молске лествице.
![{
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' {
\clef treble \time 7/4
c4^\markup { Double harmonic major scale } des e f g aes b c
} }](http://178.128.105.246/cars-http-upload.wikimedia.org/score/c/v/cvhckz3xaax5clu1qdzn41xd19w8dp6/cvhckz3x.png)
Пример
[уреди | уреди извор]Референце
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- ^ Benward, Bruce & Saker, Marilyn (2003). Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I, p.52. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0.
- ^ „Major scale | music”.
- ^ Drabkin, William (2001). „Circle of Fifths”. Ур.: Sadie, Stanley; Tyrrell, John. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2nd изд.). London: Macmillan Publishers.
- ^ Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai (2005). Practical Manual of Harmony. Carl Fischer, LLC. ISBN 978-0-8258-5699-0.
- ^ Tymoczko, Dmitri (2011). „Chapter 4”. A Geometry of Music. New York: Oxford.
- ^ „Musicstudents.com - Free Sheet Music and Play-Along Soundfiles”. Архивирано из оригинала 2014-03-11. г. Приступљено 2014-03-13.
- ^ Stetina, Troy (1999). The Ultimate Scale Book. стр. 59. ISBN 0-7935-9788-9.
Литература
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Спољашње везе
[уреди | уреди извор]Дијатонске Лествице | |||||||||||||||
Предзнаци | 7♭ | 6♭ | 5♭ | 4♭ | 3♭ | 2♭ | 1♭ | 1♯ | 2♯ | 3♯ | 4♯ | 5♯ | 6♯ | 7♯ | |
Дур | Ces | Ges | Des | As | Es | B | F | G | D | A | E | H | Fis | Cis | |
Мол | as | es | b | f | c | g | d | e | h | fis | cis | gis | dis | ais | |