Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1994.

List of years in paleontology (table)
In science
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
+...

Plants

edit

Conifers

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Diploporus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

Fossil Yew Genus, type species D. torreyoides

Taxus masonii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

Fossil Yew species

Torreya clarnensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

Fossil nutmeg yew species

Angiosperms

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Actinidia oregonensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Kiwi species

Alangium eydei[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A dogwood species

Alangium rotundicarpum[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A dogwood species

Ampelocissus auriforma[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A vitaceous species

Ampelocissus scottii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A vitaceous species

Ampelopsis rooseae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A vitaceous species

Anamirta leiocarpa[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Ankistrosperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species A. spitzerae

Anonaspermum bonesii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A custard apple relative

Anonaspermum rotundum[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A custard apple relative

Anonymocarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species A. ovoidea

Aphananthe maii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A cannabaceous species

Ascosphaera[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species A. eocenis

Atriaecarpum clarnense[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Axinosperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species A. agnostum

Bonesia[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species B. spatulata

Bumelia? globosa[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

(Manchester) Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A lardizabalaceous species;
Moved to Sargentodoxa globosa in 1999[3]

Bursericarpum oregonense[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A torchwood family species

Calycocarpum crassicrustae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Castanopsis crepetii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A chinkapin species

Celtis burnhamae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A cannabaceous species

Cleyera grotei[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A pentaphylacaceous species

Comicilabium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

An icacinaceous relative.
type species C. atkinsii.

Comminicarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species C. friisae

Cornus clarnensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A dogwood species

Coryloides[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A hazelnut relative, Type species C. hancockii

Cuneisemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species C. truncatum

Curvitinospora[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed relative.
Type species C. formanii

Davisicarpum limacioides[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species.

Dentisemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species D. parvum

Deviacer[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A milkwort genus.[4]
Type species D. wolfei

Diploclisia auriformis[2]

Comb nov

jr synonym

(Hollick) Manchester

Paleocene/Eocene

"King Salmon Lake flora"

  USA
  Alaska

A moonseed species.
Moved from Carpolithes auriformis (1936)
Moved to Stephania auriformis in 2018[5]

Durocarpus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species D. cordatus

Emmenopterys dilcheri[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A rubiaceous species.

Eohypserpa scottii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species.

Eucommia constans[6]

Sp nov

valid

Magallón-Puebl
& Cevallos-Ferriz

Miocene - Pleistocene

Pié de Vaca Formation

  Mexico

Youngest Eucommia sp. in North America.

Ferrignocarpus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species F. bivalvis

Fimbrialata[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species F. wingii

Fortunearites[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A witch-hazel relative, type species F. endressii

Fragarites[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species F. ramificans

Globulicarpium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species G. levigatum

Hexacarpellites[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species H. hallii

Hydrangea knowltonii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Hydrangea species.

Joejonesia[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species J. globosa

lodes chandlerae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

An icacinaceous species.

Iodicarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

An icacinaceous relative.
type species I. parvum, includes I. lenticularis

Kardiasperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A hazelnut relative, type species K. parvum

Laurocalyx wheelerae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A laural relative

Laurocarpum hancockii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A laural relative

Laurocarpum nutbedensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A laural relative

Laurocarpum raisinoides[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A laural relative

Lignicarpus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species L. crassimuri

Ligniglobus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species L. sinuosifibrae

Lindera clarnensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A spicebush

Lunaticarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species L. curvistriata

Magnolia muldoonae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Magnolia species

Magnolia paroblonga[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Magnolia species

Magnolia tiffneyi[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Magnolia species

Mastixicarpum occidentale[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Tupelo relative

Meliosma beusekomii[2]

sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A sabiaceous species.

Meliosma bonesii[2]

sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A sabiaceous species.

Meliosma elongicarpa[2]

sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A sabiaceous species.

Meliosma leptocarpa[2]

sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A sabiaceous species.

Microphallus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species M. perplexus

Nephrosemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species N. reticulatus

Nyssa scottii[2]

sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Tupelo relative

Nyssa spatulata[2]

Comb nov

valid

(Scott) Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Tupelo, new comb for Palaeonyssa spatulata Scott, 1954

Omsicarpium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species O. striatum

Palaeoallophylus globosa[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A soapberry species.

Palaeoallophylus gordonii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A soapberry species.

Paleopanax[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A ginseng genus, type species P. oregonensis

Paleoplatycarya? hickeyi[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Platycarya relative species.

Parthenocissus clarnensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A vitaceous species

Pasternackia[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. pusilla

Pentoperculum[2]

Gen et comb nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

London Clay

  UK
  England

A Sumac relative.
A new genus for Dracontomelon minimus (Reid & Chandler, 1933)

Pileosperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. minutum, also includes P. ovatum

Pistachioides[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. striata

Platanus hirticarpa[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A platanaceous Infructescence species.

Polygrana nutbedense[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. dictyum

Polygrana[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. nutbedense

Prunus olsonii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A cherry/plum species.

Prunus weinsteinii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A cherry/plum species.

Pteronepelys[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. wehrii

 
Pteronepelys wehrii

Pulvinisperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. minutum

Pyrenacantha occidentalis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

An icacinaceous species.

Pyrisemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species P. attenuatum

Quintacava[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species Q. velosida

Rhus rooseae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Sumac species

Sabia prefoetida[2]

Comb nov

valid

(Becker) Manchester

Late Eocene

Ruby flora

  USA
  Montana

A sabiaceous species.
Moved from Symplocarpus prefoetidus Becker 1969

Sambucuspermites[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. rugulosus

Saxifragispermum tetragonalis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A willow relative

Scabraecarpium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. clarnense

Scalaritheca[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. biseriata

Scaphicarpium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. radiatum

Schisandra oregonensis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A magnolia vine species.

Sphaerosperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. riesii

Sphenosperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. baccatum

Stockeycarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. globosa

Striatisperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species S. coronapunctatum

Symplocos nooteboomii[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A Symplocaceae species.

Tanyoplatanus[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A platanaceous Infructescence genus.
Type species T. cranei.

Tapiscia occidentalis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A tapisciaceous species

Tenuisperma[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. ellipticum

Tiffneycarpa[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. scleroidea

Tinomiscoidea occidentalis[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Tinospora elongata[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Thanikaimonia[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed genus.
Type species T. geniculata.

Tinospora hardmanae[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A moonseed species

Trema nucilecta[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A cannabaceous species

Trigonostela[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. oregonensis

Tripartisemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. bonesii

Triplascapha[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. collinsonae

Triplexivalva[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. rugata

Trisepticarpium[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. minutum

Truncatisemen[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species T. sapotoides

Ulospermum[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species U. hardingae

Wheelera[2]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A seed of uncertain placement.
Type species W. lignicrusta

Vitis tiffneyi[2]

Sp nov

valid

Manchester

Middle Eocene

Clarno Formation

  USA
  Oregon

A vitaceous species

Arthropods

edit

Insects

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Acanthognathus poinari[7]

Sp nov

Valid

Baroni Urbani & De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

first fossil Acanthognathus species

Aeshna andancensis[8]

Sp nov

Valid

Nel & Brisac

Turolian

Montagne d'Andance

  France

An Aeshna dragonfly

 
Aeshna andancensis

Aeshna cerdanica[8]

Sp nov

Valid

Nel & Martínez-Delclòs

Vallesian

Bellver de Cerdanya

  Spain

An Aeshna dragonfly

 
Aeshna cerdanica

Aeschnophlebia miocenica[8]

Sp nov

Valid

Nel & Escuillé

Turolian

Montagne d'Andance

  France

An Aeschnophlebia dragonfly

 
Aeschnophlebia miocenica

Anochetus ambiguus[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus ambiguus

Anochetus conisquamis[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus conisquamis

Anochetus dubius[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus dubius

Anochetus exstinctus[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus exstinctus

Anochetus intermedius[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus intermedius

Anochetus lucidus[9]

Sp nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

  Dominican Republic

A ponerin ant

 
Anochetus lucidus

Calopteryx andancensis

Sp nov

Valid

Nel & Brisac

Turolian[8]

Montagne d'Andance

  France

A Calopteryx damselfly

 
Calopteryx andancensis

Dlusskyidris[10]

Gen et comb nov.

Valid

Bolton

Santonian

Taimyr amber

  Russia

A Sphecomyrminae ant.
a new genus for Palaeomyrmex zherichini Dlussky 1975.

 
Palaeomyrmex zherichini

Forficula paleoligura[11]

Sp nov

Valid

Nel, Albouy, Caussanel, & Jamet

Oligocene

  France

An earwig

 
Forficula paleoligura

Odontomachus pseudobauri[9]

Sp nov.

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican Amber

  Dominican Republic

A myrmicin ant

 
Odontomachus pseudobauri

Odontomachus spinifer[9]

Sp nov.

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican Amber

  Dominican Republic

A myrmicin ant

 
Odontomachus spinifer
Protoaristenymphes[12]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Nel & Henrotay

Toarcian

  Luxembourg

A Mesochrysopid lacewing, type species P. bascharagensis

 
Protoaristenymphes bascharagensis

Sympecma incerta[13]

Comb. nov

Valid

Piton

Piacenzian

Lake Chambon

  France

A Lestid damselfly,
new combination for Lestes incertus

 
Sympecma incerta

Trilobites

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Parabouleia eldredgei[14]

Sp nov

Valid

Edgecombe, Vaccari & Waisfeld

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

  Argentina

A calmoniid

Talacastops[14]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Edgecombe, Vaccari & Waisfeld

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

  Argentina

A calmoniid, type species is T. zarelae

Molluscs

edit

Bivalves

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Fordilla germanica[15]

sp nov

Valid

Elicki

Early Cambrian

Zwetau Formation

  Germany

early Cambrian bivalve species

Fishes

edit

Newly named bony fishes

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Megalocoelacanthus[16]

Gen. et sp. nov

valid

Schwimmer, Stewart & Williams

late Santonian to mid-Campanian

Blufftown Formation
Niobrara Formation

  United States

A latimeriid coelacanth.[17]
The type species is M. dobiei.

Archosauromorphs

edit

Newly named pseudosuchians

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Galtonia[21]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Hunt & Lucas

Late Triassic (late Carnian)

New Oxford Formation

  United States

A relative of Revueltosaurus.

Pekinosaurus[21]

Gen et sp nov

Junior synonym

Hunt & Lucas

Late Triassic (late Carnian)

Cumnock Formation

  United States

A junior synonym of Revueltosaurus.

Newly named basal dinosauromorphs

edit
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Marasuchus[22]

Gen et comb nov

Valid

Sereno & Arcucci

Middle Triassic (Ladinian)

Chañares Formation

  Argentina

A basal dinosauriform;
new genus for "Lagosuchus" liloensis Romer (1972).

 
Marasuchus liloenisis

Newly named dinosaurs

edit

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[23]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Afrovenator[24]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Sereno, Wilson, Larsson, Dutheil, & Sues

Tiourarén Formation

  Niger

 
Afrovenator abakensis

Alwalkeria[25]

Gen et comb nov

Valid

Chatterjee & Creisler

Maleri Formation

  India

 
Alwalkeria

Alxasaurus[26]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Russell & Dong

  Mongolia

 
Alxasaurus

Amphicoelicaudia

nomen nudum

Cheng

  China

described as Huabeisaurus allocotus in 2000

 
Huabeisaurus allocotus

Caenagnathasia[27]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Currie, Godfrey, & Nesov

Turonian - Coniacian

Bissekty Formation

  Uzbekistan

 
Caenagnathasia martinsoni

Cryolophosaurus[28]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Hammer & Hickerson

Pliensbachian

Hanson Formation

  Antarctica

 
Cryolophosaurus

Koparion[29]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Chure

Kimmeridgian

Morrison Formation

  USA (  Utah)

Monolophosaurus[30]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Zhao & Currie

Bathonian - Callovian

Shishugou Formation

  China

 
Monolophosaurus jiangi

Mymoorapelta[31]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Kirkland & Carpenter

Kimmeridgian - Tithonian

Morrison Formation

  USA (  Colorado)

 
Mymoorapelta maysi

Pelecanimimus[32]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Perez-Moreno, Sanz, Buscalioni,
Moratalla, Ortega, & Rasskin-Gutman

Barremian

Calizas de La Huérguina Formation

  Spain

 
Pelecanimimus

Phuwiangosaurus[33]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Martin, Buffetaut, & Suteethorn

Valanginian - Hauterivian

Sao Khua Formation

  Thailand

 
Phuwiangosaurus

Sinornithoides[34]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Russell & Dong

Aptian - Albian

Ejinhoro Formation

  China

 
Sinornithoides youngi

Sinraptor[35]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Currie & Zhao

Late Jurassic

Shishugou Formation

  China

 
Sinraptor dongi

Timimus[36]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Rich & Vickers-Rich

Albian

Eumeralla Formation

  Australia

 
Timimus hermani

Tonouchisaurus

nomen nudum

Barsbold

early Cretaceous

  Mongolia

Yingshanosaurus[37]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Zhou

Kimmeridgian

Shaximiao Formation

  China

Birds

edit
Name Status Novelty Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Berruornis [38]

Valid

Gen et sp nov.

Mourer-Chauviré

Late Paleocene

  France

A Strigidae. Type species B. orbisantiqui

Bubo osvaldoi [39]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Arredondo & Olson

?Pleistocene

Cave deposits

  Cuba

A Strigidae.

Falco duboisi [40]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Cowles

Holocene

Cave deposits

  Réunion

A Falconidae.

Mascarenachen [40]

jr synonym

Gen et sp nov.

Cowles

Holocene

Réunion

  Réunion

An Anatidae, type species M. kervazoi;
The species was transferred to Alopochen in 1999.

Mascarenotus grucheti [41]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Mourer-Chauviré, Bour, Moutou, & Ribes

Holocene

  Réunion

A Strigidae.

Messelastur [42]

Valid

Gen et sp nov.

Peters

Middle Eocene

Messel Formation

  Germany
  Hessen

A Messelasturidae, Type species M. gratulator.

Microcarbo serventyorum [43]

Valid

Sp. nov.

van Tets

Holocene

peat swamp

  Australia
  Western Australia

A Phalacrocoracidae.

Neuquenornis [44]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Chiappe & Calvo

Santonian-Coniacian

Rio Colorado Formation

  Argentina

An Avisauridae, Type species N. volans.

Nycticorax borbonensis [40]

jr synonym

Sp. nov.

Cowles

Holocene

  Réunion

An Ardeidae, junior synonym of Nycticorax duboisi.

Otogornis [45]

Valid

Gen et sp nov.

Hou

Early Cretaceous

  China
  Inner Mongolia

A Longirostravidae, type species O. genghisi.

Presbyornis isoni [46]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Olson

Late Paleocene

Aquia Formation

  USA
  Maryland

A Presbyornithidae

Puffinus spelaeus [47]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Holdaway & Worthy

Late Quaternary

South Island, cave deposits

  New Zealand

A Procellariidae.

Stephanoaetus mahery [48]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Goodman

Holocene. (Subrecent)

Madagascar

  Madagascar

An Accipitridae.

Wanshuina [49]

Valid

Gen et sp nov.

Hou

Paleocene

Doumu Formation

  China

A Rallidae, type species W. lii

Plesiosaurs

edit
  • Plesiosaur gastroliths documented.[50]

New taxa

edit
Name Status Authors Notes

Morturneria

Valid

Chatterjee Creisler

Pterosaurs

edit

New taxa

edit
Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Arthurdactylus

Valid

Frey Martill

Early Cretaceous (late Aptian/early Albian)

Crato Formation

  Brazil

A pteranodontoid pterosaur.

Montanazhdarcho[51]

Valid

Padian, K., Horner de Ricqlès, A.J.

Late Cretaceous (Judithian)

Two Medicine Formation

  United States

An azhdarchid from Montana.

"Wyomingopteryx"

nomen nudum

Bakker

Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)

Morrison Formation

  United States

Zhejiangopterus

Valid

Cai, Z. Wei, F.

Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)

Tangshang Formation

  China

A Chinese azhdarchid.

 
Zhejiangopterus

Other diapsids

edit

New taxa

edit
Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes
Lucianosaurus[21] Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon
  • Hunt
  • S. G. Lucas

Late Triassic (Norian)

Bull Canyon Formation

  United States

Tecovasaurus[21] Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon
  • Hunt
  • S. G. Lucas

Late Triassic (late Carnian)

Tecovas Formation

  United States

Footnotes

edit
  1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon". Palaeontographica Americana. 58: 30–31.
  3. ^ Manchester, S. R. (1999). "Biogeographical relationships of North American tertiary floras". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 86 (2): 472–522. doi:10.2307/2666183. JSTOR 2666183.
  4. ^ Myers, J.; Erwin, D. (2015). "Deviacer pidemarmanii sp. nov. (Polygalaceae) from the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Badger's Nose Paleoflora, Modoc County, California". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 176 (3): 259–268. doi:10.1086/679759. S2CID 84642512.
  5. ^ Han, M.; Manchester, S. R.; Fu, Q.-Y.; Jin, J.-H.; Quan, C. (2018). "Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 56 (2): 81–91. doi:10.1111/jse.12288. S2CID 90749898.
  6. ^ Call, V.B.; Dilcher, D.L. (1997). "The fossil record of Eucommia (Eucommiaceae) in North America". American Journal of Botany. 84 (6): 798–814. doi:10.2307/2445816. JSTOR 2445816. PMID 21708632. S2CID 20464075.
  7. ^ Baroni Urbani, C.; De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "First description of fossil Dacetini ants with a critical analysis of the current classification of the tribe (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VI: Dacetini)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 198: 1–65.
  8. ^ a b c d Nel, A.; Martinez-Delclòs, X.; Escuillé, F; Brisac, P. (1994). "Names; Les Aeshnidae fossiles: Etat actuel des connaissances (Odonata, Anisoptera)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 194 (2/3): 143–186. doi:10.1127/njgpa/194/1994/143. S2CID 247527646.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "Fossil Odontomachiti Ants from the Dominican Republic (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VII: Odontomachiti)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 199: 1–28.
  10. ^ Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. (1997). "New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships". American Museum Novitates (3208): 1–43.
  11. ^ Nel, A.; Albouy, V.; Caussanel, C; Jamet, C. (1994). "Réflexion paléo-entomologique sur la systématique des Dermaptères. Quatre nouveaux forficules fossiles de l'Oligocène de Provence (France)". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 99: 253–266. doi:10.3406/bsef.1994.17063. S2CID 131974069.
  12. ^ Nel, A; Henrotay, M. (1994). "Les Chrysopidae Mésozoïques. État actuel des connaissances. Description d'un nouveau genre et nouvelle espèce dans le Jurassique inférieur (Lias) (Insecta: Neuroptera)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 30: 295–318.
  13. ^ Nel, A.; Paicheler, J.-C. (1994). "Les Lestoidea (Odonata, Zygoptera) fossiles : un inventaire critique". Annales de Paléontologie. 80 (1): 1–59.
  14. ^ a b Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Vaccari, Norberto E.; Waisfeld, Beatriz G. (July 1994). "Lower Devonian calmoniid trilobites from the Argentine Precordillera: new taxa of the Bouleia Group, and remarks on the tempo of calmoniid radiation". Geological Magazine. 131 (4): 449–464. doi:10.1017/S0016756800012097. ISSN 1469-5081.
  15. ^ Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
  16. ^ David R. Schwimmer; J. D. Stewart; G. Dent Williams (1994). "Giant fossil coelacanths of the Late Cretaceous in the eastern United States". Geology. 22 (6): 503–506. Bibcode:1994Geo....22..503S. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0503:gfcotl>2.3.co;2.
  17. ^ Hugo Dutel; John G. Maisey; David R. Schwimmer; Philippe Janvier; Marc Herbin; Gaël Clément (2012). "The Giant Cretaceous Coelacanth (Actinistia, Sarcopterygii) Megalocoelacanthus dobiei Schwimmer, Stewart & Williams, 1994, and Its Bearing on Latimerioidei Interrelationships". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e49911. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...749911D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049911. PMC 3507921. PMID 23209614.
  18. ^ Calvo (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
  19. ^ a b "Introduction," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.
  20. ^ "Location and Geologic Setting," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.
  21. ^ a b c d Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas. 1994. Ornithischian dinosaurs from the Upper Triassic of the United States. In: the Shadow of the Dinosaurs, Early Mesozoic Tetrapods (N.C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues, Eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK: pp. 227-241.
  22. ^ Sereno, P.C.; Arcucci, A.B. (1994). "Dinosaur precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Marasuchus lilloensis gen. nov". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 53–73. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011538.
  23. ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  24. ^ Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, H.C.E. Larsson, D.B. Dutheil, H.-D. Sues. 1994. Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara. Science 266 (14 October [5183]): pp. 267-271.
  25. ^ Chatterjee, S.; Creisler, B.S. (1994). "Alwalkeria (Theropoda) and Morturneria (Plesiosauria), new names for preoccupied Walkeria Chatterjee, 1987 and Turneria". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 142. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011546.
  26. ^ Russell, D.A. and Z.-M. Dong. 1994. The affinities of a new theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30:pp. 2107-2127.
  27. ^ Currie, P.J., S.J. Godfrey, and L. Nesov. 1993 [Olshevsky cites 1994]. New caenagnathid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2255-2272.
  28. ^ Hammer, W.R.; Hickerson, W.J. (1994). "A Crested Theropod Dinosaur from Antarctica". Science. 264 (5160): 828–830. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..828H. doi:10.1126/science.264.5160.828. PMID 17794724. S2CID 38933265.
  29. ^ Chure, D.J. 1994. Koparion douglassi, a new dinosaur from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Monument; The oldest troodontid (Theropoda: Maniraptora). Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40:pp. 11-15.
  30. ^ Zhao, X.J. and P.J. Currie, P.J. 1994 [not 1993]. A large crested theropod from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, China. Canadian. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2027-2036.
  31. ^ Kirkland, J.I. and K. Carpenter. 1994. North America's First Pre-Cretaceous Ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Western Colorado. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40: pp. 25-42.
  32. ^ Perez-Moreno, B.; Sanz, J.L.; Buscalloni, A.D.; Moratalla, J.J.; Ortega, F.; Rasskin-Gutman, D. (1994). "A unique multitoothed ornithomimosaur dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain". Nature. 370 (6488): 363–367. Bibcode:1994Natur.370..363P. doi:10.1038/370363a0. S2CID 4302245.
  33. ^ Martin, V. E. Buffetaut, and V. Suteethorn. 1994. A new genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Sao Khua Formation (Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous) of north-eastern Thailand. Comptes Rendus l'Acad. Sci. Paris (II) 319 : pp. 1085-1092.
  34. ^ Russell, D.A. and Z.-M Dong. 1993 [George Olshevsky cites 1994, not 1993]. A nearly complete skeleton of a new troodontid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2163-2173.
  35. ^ Currie, P.J. and X.J. Zhao. 1993. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci., 30: pp. 2037-2081.
  36. ^ Rich, T.H., and P. Vickers-Rich. 1994. Neoceratopsians and ornithomimosaurs: Dinosaurs of Gondwana origin. Res. Exploration 10: pp. 129-131.
  37. ^ Zhou Songlin, 1994. Record of a fossil stegosaur from Yingshan in the Sichuan Basin. Sichuan Cultural Relics. 1994-S1: 8-14.
  38. ^ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1994). "A Large Owl from the Paleocene of France" (PDF). Palaeontology. 37 (2): 339–348.
  39. ^ Oscar Arredondo; Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba (Aves: Strigiformes)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 436–444. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-09. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
  40. ^ a b c Graham S. Cowles (1994). "A New Genus, Three New Species and Two New Records of Extinct Holocene Birds From Réunion Island, Indian Ocean". Géobios. 27 (1): 87–93. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(06)80215-9.
  41. ^ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Roger Bour; François Moutou; Sonia Ribes (1994). "Mascarenotus Nov. Gen. (Aves: Strigiformes) Genre Endémique Éteint des Mascareignes et M. grucheti N. Sp. Espècé Éteinte de la Réunion" (PDF). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série IIA. 318: 1699–1706.
  42. ^ Dieter S. Peters (1994). "Messelastur gratulator n. gen. n. spec., ein Greifvogel aus der Grube Messel (Aves, Accipitridae)" (PDF). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 170: 3–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-25. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
  43. ^ Gerard F. van Tets (1994). "An Extinct New Species of Cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae, Aves) from a Western Australian Peat Swamp". Records of the South Australian Museum. 27: 135–138.
  44. ^ Luis M. Chiappe; Jorge O. Calvo (1994). "Neuquenornis volans, a New Late Cretaceous Bird (Enantiornithes: Avisauridae) from Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14 (2): 230–246. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011554.
  45. ^ Hou Lianhai (1994). "A Late Mesozoic Bird from Inner Mongolia" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (4): 258–266.
  46. ^ Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A Giant Presbyornis (Aves: Anseriformes) and Other Birds from the Paleocene Aquia Formation of Maryland and Virginia". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 429–435.
  47. ^ Richard N. Holdaway; Trevor H. Worthy (1994). "A New Fossil Species of Shearwater Puffinus from the Late Quaternary of the South Island, New Zealand, and Notes on the Biogeography and Evolution of the Puffinus gavia Superspecies". Emu. 94 (3): 201–215. doi:10.1071/mu9940201.
  48. ^ Steven M. Goodman (1994). "Description of a New Species of Subfossil Eagle from Madagascar: Stephanoaetus (Aves: Falconiformes) from the Deposits of Amphasambazimba". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 421–428.
  49. ^ Hou Lianhai (1994). "A New Paleocene Bird from Anhui, China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (1): 60–65.
  50. ^ Martin (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
  51. ^ Padian, K., Ricqles, A. de J., and Horner, J. R., 1994, Bone histology determines identification of a new fossil taxon of pterosaur (Reptilia: Archosauria): Compte rendu hebdomadaire des séances de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, tomo 320, serie 2, p. 77-84.

References

edit
  • Calvo, J.O. (1994). Gastroliths in sauropod dinosaurs. Gaia, 10: 205–208.
  • Martin, James E.; 1994; Gastric residues in marine reptiles from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale in South Dakota; their bearing on extinction; Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology; 14(3, Suppl.) pp. 36; University of Oklahoma
  • Pasch, A. D., K. C. May. 2001. Taphonomy and paleoenvironment of hadrosaur (Dinosauria) from the Matanuska Formation (Turonian) in South-Central Alaska. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Ed.s Tanke, D. H., Carpenter, K., Skrepnick, M. W. Indiana University Press. Pages 219–236.
  • Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.