Phraortes,[a] son of Deioces, was the second king of the Median kingdom.
| Phraortes | |
|---|---|
| King of the Medes | |
| Reign | 678 – 625 BCE |
| Predecessor | Deioces |
| Successor | Cyaxares |
| Died | 625 BCE |
| Dynasty | Median dynasty |
| Father | Deioces |
| Religion | Ancient Iranian religion |
Like his father Deioces, Phraortes started wars against Assyria, but was defeated and killed by the Assyrian king, probably Ashurbanipal (r. 668-631 BCE).
Biography
editAll information about him is from Herodotus. According to him (1.102), Phraortes was the son of Deioces and united all Median tribes into a single state. He also subjugated the Persians and Parthians and other nations of ancient Iran. He ruled for twenty-two years (c. 675 – c. 653 BC), however, some scholars assume that he ruled for fifty-three years, c. 678 – c. 625. Phraortes is commonly identified with Kashtariti, a chieftain in Media, although some scholars consider such an identification doubtful. He was later succeeded by his son Cyaxares.[4]
Notes
edit- ^ /freɪˈɔːrtiz/ fray-OAR-teez[1] (Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁, romanized: Fravartiš;[2][3] Ancient Greek: Φραόρτης, romanized: Phraórtēs)
References
edit- ^ Bollard, John K., ed. (1998). Pronouncing dictionary of proper names: pronunciations for more than 28,000 proper names, selected for currency, frequency, or difficulty of pronunciation (2nd ed.). Detroit, Mich: Omnigraphics. p. 793. ISBN 978-0-7808-0098-4.
- ^ Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.
- ^ Kent, Ronald Grubb (c. 2006). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. Pizhūhishkadah-i Zabān va Gūyish bā hamkārī-i Idārah-i Kull-i Umūr-i Farhangī. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X.
- ^ Medvedskaya, I. (20 July 2004). "PHRAORTES". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 18 December 2012.