Order of the Rose
Imperial Order of the Rose | |
---|---|
![]() Imperial Order of the Rose, Officer | |
Awarded by the Head of the Brazilian Imperial Family | |
Type | Dynastic order |
Established | 17 October 1829 1829–1890 (National Order) 1890–present (House Order) |
Royal house | Orleans-Braganza |
Motto | AMOR E FIDELIDADE (Love and Fidelity) |
Grand Master | Disputed:[1] Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza Prince Pedro of Bourbon of Orléans-Braganza |
Grades | Grand Cross Grand Dignitary Dignitary Commander Officer Knight |
Precedence | |
Next (higher) | Imperial Order of Pedro I |
Next (lower) | none (lowest Order) |
![]() Ribbon bar of the order |
The Imperial Order of the Rose (Portuguese: Imperial Ordem da Rosa) was a Brazilian order of chivalry, instituted by Emperor Pedro I of Brazil on 17 October 1829 to commemorate his marriage to Amélie of Leuchtenberg.
On 22 March 1890, the order was cancelled as national order by the interim government of First Brazilian Republic. Since the deposition in 1889 of the last Brazilian monarch, Emperor Pedro II, the order continues as a house order being awarded by the Heads of the House of Orleans-Braganza, pretenders to the defunct throne of Brazil. The current Brazilian Imperial Family is split into two branches Petrópolis and Vassouras, and as a consequence the Grand Mastership of the Order is disputed between those two branches.
History
[edit]It was designed by Jean-Baptiste Debret, who, as discussed by historians, would have been inspired by the motifs of roses that adorned Amélie's dress when landing in Rio de Janeiro, or when marrying, or in a portrait of the same envoy from Europe to the then Emperor of Brazil.
The order rewarded military and civilians, national and foreign, who distinguished themselves by their fidelity to the person of the Emperor and by services rendered to the State, and carried a number of degrees superior to the other Brazilian and Portuguese orders then existing.
From 1829 to 1831 Emperor Pedro I granted only 189 insignia. His son and successor, Emperor Pedro II, during the second reign, got to grace 14,284 citizens. In addition to the two emperors, only the Duke of Caxias was order-great during his term.
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Order_of_the_Rose.jpg/250px-Order_of_the_Rose.jpg)
One of the first winners received the commendation for services rendered during an accident with the Brazilian imperial family: the small history of the court tells us that on 7 December 1829, newly married, Pedro I returned with the family of the Imperial Palace of São Cristóvão, in Quinta da Boa Vista. Like his favorite, he personally drove the carriage when, on Lavradio Street, the tow line was broken, and the horses became frightened, breaking the reins and driving the vehicle, dragged dangerously. The Emperor fractured the seventh rib of the posterior third and the sixth of the anterior third, had bruises on the forehead and dislocation in the fourth right, losing his senses. He had barely recovered them when he was picked up at the nearest house by the Marquis de Cantagalo, Joao Maria da Gama Freitas Berquó. According to the Bulletin on the Disaster of Her Imperial Majesty published in the Jornal do Commercio, Empress Amélie was the one who demanded the least care: "she did not have any sensible damage except the shock and the fright that such disaster should cause her." The Emperor's eldest daughter, the future Queen Maria II of Portugal, "received great bruising on the right cheek, comprising part of the head on the same side." Auguste de Beauharnais, Prince of Eichstätt, Duke of Leuchtenberg and of Santa Cruz, brother of the empress, "had a luxation in the ulna of the right side with fracture of the same one". Baroness Slorefeder, assistant of the Empress, "gave a very dangerous fall on the head." Several servants of livery, when dominating the animals, were bruised. The doctors of the Imperial Chamber and others, the doctors Azeredo, Bontempo, the Baron of Inhomirim, Vicente Navarro de Andrade, João Fernandes Tavares, Manuel Bernardes, Manuel da Silveira Rodrigues de Sá, Baron of Saúde converged for the house of Cantagalo. Almost restored, Pedro I decorated Cantagalo on 1 January 1830 with the insignia of the dignitary of the Order, and Empress Amélie offered him her portrait, surrounded by bright jewels, and painted by Simplício Rodrigues de Sá.
The members of the Honor Guard who accompanied the then Prince Regent on his trip to the Province of São Paulo 8 years before, witnesses of the "Grito do Ipiranga", landmark of the Independence of Brazil, were also awarded the Imperial Order of the Rose.
After the banishment of the Brazilian Imperial Family, the order was maintained by its members in private, being its grand master the head of the Brazilian Imperial House.
Characteristics
[edit]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Medalha_Oficial_Ordem_da_Rosa.png/130px-Medalha_Oficial_Ordem_da_Rosa.png)
Insignia
[edit]Grand cross
- Obverse: White star with six pointed tips, joined by garland of roses. To the center, a round medallion with the letters "P" and "A" interlaced, embossed, surrounded by blue-ferret border with the caption "LOVE AND FIDELITY".
- Reverse: equal to the obverse, with change in inscription for the date of 2-8-1829, and, in the legend, for "PEDRO AND AMÉLIA".
Tape and band
- Light pink with two white edges.
Degrees
[edit]The degrees in descending order are:
- Grand Cross (styled "Excellency" and limited to 16 recipients);
- Grand Dignitary (styled "Senhor" and limited to 16 recipients);
- Dignitary (styled "Senhor" and limited to 32 recipients);
- Commander (styled "Senhor" and unlimited number of recipients);
- Official (styled an honorary Colonel and unlimited number of recipients);
- Knight (styled an honorary Captain and unlimited number of recipients);
Gallery
[edit]-
Emperor Pedro I, founder and first Grand Master of the Order, wearing the collar and the insignia of the Imperial Order of the Rose and other orders and decorations
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The Duke of Caxias wearing the collar and insignia of the Order and other orders and decorations
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Emperor Pedro II wearing the collar of the order and elements of the Imperial Regalia. Detail from a portrait by Pedro Américo
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The Count of Eu wearing the collar of the order and other orders and decorations
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Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza wearing the insignia of the order and other orders and decorations
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Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza, then Head of the Imperial House of Brazil wearing the collar of the order and other orders and decorations
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Details of the insignia
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Coat of arms of Isabel, Princess Imperial
Recipients
[edit]Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil
Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia
Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia
José Ferraz de Almeida Júnior
Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias
Amélie of Leuchtenberg
Prince Antônio Gastão of Orléans-Braganza
Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
José Luís Mena Barreto
Henry Walter Bates
Emil Bauch
John Bramley-Moore
James Brunlees
Ernesto Burzagli
Louis Buvelot
Peter Christophersen
Jules d'Anethan
Warren De la Rue
Rudolf von Delbrück
John Hay Drummond Hay
Ferdinand II of Portugal
Antônio Ferreira Viçoso
Marcos Christino Fioravanti
Princess Francisca of Brazil
Annibale de Gasparis
Gaston, Count of Eu
Friedrich Heinrich Geffcken
Antônio Carlos Gomes
Gaspare Gorresio
John Pascoe Grenfell
Heinrich Halfeld
Joaquim José Inácio, Viscount of Inhaúma
Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
Princess Leopoldina of Brazil
Augusto Leverger, Baron of Melgaço
Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Ferdinand I of Bulgaria
Luís I of Portugal
Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza
Joseph Luns
Machado de Assis
Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia
Manuel Antônio Farinha
Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil
Clements Markham
Victor Meirelles
Cândido Mendes de Almeida
John Miers (botanist)
Ângelo Moniz da Silva Ferraz, Baron Uruguaiana
Firmino Monteiro
Carlos de Morais Camisão
Robert Stirling Newall
Alfred Nobel
Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet
George O'Kelly
Joseph O'Kelly
Olav V of Norway
Henrique O'Neill, 1st Viscount of Santa Mónica
Jorge Torlades O'Neill I
Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza
Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná
José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco
Louis Pasteur
Pedro I of Brazil
Pedro II of Brazil
Prince Pedro Augusto of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza
Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza
Prince Pedro Luiz of Orléans-Braganza
Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo
James-Ferdinand de Pury
Antônio Ricardo dos Santos
Manuel Silvela y Le Vielleuze
Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira
Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa
Maximilian von Speidel
Félix Taunay, Baron of Taunay
Charles d'Ursel
Louis van Houtte
Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza
Afonso, Prince of Beira[2]
Adrià Espineta Arias
Albert I, Prince of Monaco[3]
External links
[edit]- Original appointment to the Order of the Rose signed by Emperor Dom Pedro II, 1887 - Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo
References
[edit]- ^ Register of Orders of Chivalry. ISBN 979-12-20389-43-3 © 2022 International Commission for Orders of Chivalry (Commissione Internazionale permanente per lo studio degli Ordini Cavallereschi), p. 40
- ^ "Comunicado: A propósito das ordens imperiais brasileiras". 8 February 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ Journal de Monaco 21 August 1888. Retrieved 29 May 2024
- Poliano, Luís Marques. Heráldica. Ed. GRD. Rio de Janeiro, 1986.
- Poliano, Luís Marques. Ordens honoríficas do Brasil.
- Brazil - The Imperial Order of the Rose [1]