Jump to content

Argentina–Philippines relations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Argentina-Philippines relations
Map indicating locations of Argentina and Philippines

Argentina

Philippines

Diplomatic relations between the Argentine Republic and the Republic of the Philippines, have existed for decades. Both nations are members of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, Group of 77, the G20 developing nations, and Forum of East Asia-Latin America Cooperation and the United Nations.

Country comparison

[edit]
Official name  Philippines  Argentina
Native Name Republika ng Pilipinas Republica Argentina
Coat of Arms
Flag
National Motto Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa
("For God, People, Nature and Country")
En unión y libertad
("In Unity and Freedom")
National Anthem Lupang Hinirang
("Chosen Land")
Himno Nacional Argentino
("Argentine National Anthem")
Population 100,981,437 44,938,712
Area 343,448 km2 (132,606 sq mi) 2,780,400 km2 (1,073,500 sq mi)
Population Density 202/km2 (520/sq mi) 14.4/km2 (37/sq mi)
Time zones Philippine Standard Time (UTC+08:00) Argentine Standard Time (UTC-03:00)
Capital Manila Buenos Aires
Established 12 June 1898 (Declaration)
4 July 1946 (Proclamation)
25 May 1810 (Declaration)
9 July 1816 (Proclamation)
Trade bloc  Association of Southeast Asian Nations  Southern Common Market
Government Unitary presidential constitutional republic Federal presidential constitutional republic
First Leader Emilio Aguinaldo (official)
Manuel L. Quezon (de jure)
Bernardino Rivadavia
Current Leader(s) President: Bongbong Marcos (PFP) President: Javier Milei (LLA)
Vice President: Sara Duterte (HNP) Vice President: Victoria Villarruel (LLA)
Legislature Congress of the Philippines National Congress of Argentina
Senate
President: Francis Escudero (NPC)
Senate
President of the Senate: Victoria Villarruel (LLA)
Provisional President of the Senate: Bartolomé Abdala (LLA)
House of Representatives
Speaker: Martin Romualdez (Lakas-CMD)
Chamber of Deputies
Chamber of Deputies President: Martín Menem (LLA)
Judiciary Supreme Court
Chief Justice: Alexander Gesmundo
Supreme Court
President: Horacio Rosatti
Religion
National Language Filipino (Tagalog) Spanish (Argentine Spanish)
GDP (nominal) US$1,000 billion ($7,846 per capita) $445.469 billion ($9,887 per capita)

History

[edit]

Both Argentina and the Philippines share a common history in the fact that both nations were once part of the Spanish Empire. During the Spanish colonial period, Argentina was then part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and administered from Buenos Aires while the Philippines was governed from the Viceroyalty of New Spain in Mexico City.

Contacts between the Philippines and Latin America, including the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata (present-day Argentina), became increasingly fluid, buoyed by trade and migration. The Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade was linked to another trade route that plied between Acapulco and Puerto Callao in Peru. From there, a land route via the Andes Mountains passed through Potosí in present-day Bolivia and then onward to Tucuman and Cordoba in present-day Argentina.

In 1778, the Spanish Empire opened the port of Buenos Aires to trade coming from the Indian Ocean. In March 1785, the Real Compañia de Filipinas was established that linked Manila to South America via the Indian Ocean and remained active until 1812. The company opened a trading house in Buenos Aires in 1789, and its warehouse was located in what is now known as Parque Lezama.

The first record of Filipinos in Argentina was during the census of August 1780, in which two “Indios de Manila” were identified, namely Andrés de la Cruz and Esteban Luis Mateo Sampzón, who were registered as craftsmen. Sampzon, who was born in 1756 in Malabon, became a master carver of religious art. His works are now considered among the best of Argentine religious art from the pre-independence period.

In the Argentinian side, a large number of Argentinian soldiers including Juan Fermín de San Martín, brother of Argentinian Revolutionary leader, José de San Martín, were immigrants to the Philippines.[1] Another San Martin relative who arrived in Manila was Bernabe de Escalada, brother-in-law of the Argentine liberator. Escalada became the head accountant of the Royal Treasury in Manila.

During the Argentinian War of Independence, the Argentinian Admiral Hippolyte Bouchard recruited escaped Filipinos in San Blas (who escaped slavery in the Manila Galleons) in a war against the Spanish Empire.[2] The frigate La Argentina reached the Philippines in 1818 and blockaded the port of Manila. During the blockade, the ship captured 16 Spanish boats. After a few months of marauding, the frigate left the Philippine archipelago and returned to Argentina.

The elements making up the Philippine Flag and its subsequent meanings, the sun in the Philippine Flag comes from Argentina, Peru, and Uruguay.

Argentina's Sun of May symbol was also adopted as an emblem of the Philippine Revolution in the Republic of Biak-na-Bato and First Philippine Republic.[3] Diplomatic relations between Argentina and the Philippines began on 27 August 1948. In April 1949, the Philippines opened a diplomatic legation in Buenos Aires.[4] In May 1960, both nations diplomatic legations were elevated to the rank of embassy.

In July 1986, President Raúl Alfonsín became the first Argentine head of state to visit the Philippines. In October 1995, Argentine President Carlos Menem also paid a visit to the Philippines.[4] In September 1999, Philippine President, Joseph Estrada, paid a state visit to Argentina, becoming the first Philippine head-of-state to visit the South American nation.[4]

In September 2012, Argentine Foreign Minister, Hector Timerman, paid a visit to the Philippines and met with President Benigno Aquino III to discuss the broadening of the two countries’ relations and possible people and cultural engagements.[5] In February 2014, both nations held the 2nd Bilateral Consultation Meeting in Manila where they agreed to further enhance bilateral trade relations.[6]

In 2018, both nations celebrated 70 years of diplomatic relations.[7]

High-level visits

[edit]
Argentine President Carlos Menem with Philippine President Joseph Estrada in Buenos Aires; 1999.

High-level visits from Argentina to the Philippines

High-level visits from the Philippines to Argentina

List of representatives

[edit]
Date of diplomatic accreditation Ambassador[8] Observations Philippine President Argentine President Term end
September 8, 1960 Pedro Gil Ambassador Carlos P. Garcia Arturo Frondizi March 1962
1962 Luis Moreno Salcedo Ambassador Diosdado Macapagal 1964
Unknown Tomas de Castro Ambassador Unknown
September 1976 Pelayo F. Llamas Ambassador Ferdinand Marcos Jorge Rafael Videla June 1981
February 1984 Trinidad Q. Alconcel Ambassador Ferdinand Marcos Raúl Alfonsín February 1986
September 1986 Sime Hidalgo Ambassador Corazon Aquino Raúl Alfonsín July 1992
April 1993 Carlos Alberto O. Villa Abrille Ambassador Fidel V. Ramos Carlos Menem 2002
May 2002 George B. Reyes Ambassador Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Eduardo Duhalde 2006
December 28, 2009 Rey A. Carandang Ambassador Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Cristina Fernández de Kirchner 2014
2014 Ma. Amelita C. Aquino Ambassador Benigno Aquino III Cristina Fernández de Kirchner 2017
August 2018 Linglingay F. Lacanlale Ambassador Rodrigo Duterte Mauricio Macri 2022
December 2, 2022 Grace Tolentino Cruz-Fabella Ambassador Bongbong Marcos Alberto Fernández

Bilateral Agreements

[edit]

Both nations have signed several agreements such as an Agreement establishing Diplomatic Relations (1948); Agreement to elevate both nations diplomatic representations to the rank of embassy (1960); Treaty of Friendship and Cultural Relations (1965); Commercial Agreement (1988); Agreement on Sanitary Measures in Livestock, Fishery, and Aquatic Products (1994); Memorandum of Understanding to promote Trade in Agricultural matters (1995); Agreement on the Suppression of visas for Holders of Diplomatic and Official Passports (1999); Agreement on the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments (1999); Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Field of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Matters (2001); Protocol on the Establishment of a Bilateral Consultation Mechanism (2005); Memorandum of Understanding between the Foreign Service Institute of the Philippines and the Institute of Foreign Service of the Argentine Nation (2011);[4] Agreement on Cultural Cooperation (2012); Memorandum of Understanding on Remunerated Activities for Dependent Relatives of Diplomatic, Consular, Administrative, and Technical Staff of their Diplomatic Missions and Consular Offices and of their Representatives before International Organizations (2012); Memorandum of Understanding between the Foreign Service Institute of the Republic of the Philippines and the National Foreign Service Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship of the Argentine Republic in the Field of Diplomatic Training (2021); and Memorandum of Understanding on Agricultural Cooperation between the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fishery of the Argentine Republic and the Department of Agriculture of the Republic of the Philippines (2022).

Embassy of the Philippines in Buenos Aires

Resident diplomatic missions

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ In Spanish: "El hermano desconocido de San Martín que luchó y murió en Filipinas".
  2. ^ Mercene, Manila men, p. 52.
  3. ^ "The Philippine flag" By The Official Government Gazette of the Philippines
  4. ^ a b c d "Relaciones Bilaterales entre Argentina y las Filipinas (in Spanish)". Archived from the original on 2020-09-20. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  5. ^ Hector Timerman en Manila (in Spanish)
  6. ^ "May Revolution Day of Argentina". Archived from the original on 2017-05-25. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  7. ^ Conmemoración del 70° Aniversario de Relaciones Bilaterales con Filipinas (in Spanish)
  8. ^ "Historia". Archived from the original on 2020-09-20. Retrieved 2021-12-15.
  9. ^ Embassy of Argentina in Manila
  10. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines in Buenos Aires". Archived from the original on 2020-09-20. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
[edit]