Ka (Javanese)
ka | |
---|---|
![]() Aksara nglegena | |
![]() Aksara pasangan | |
Javanese script | |
Latin orthography | ka |
Phoneme | [k] |
Unicode | A98F |
ꦏ is a syllable in the Javanese script that represents the sound /kɔ/, /ka/. It is transliterated to Latin as "ka", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "ko". It has two other forms (pasangan), which are ◌꧀ꦏ and ◌꧀ꦏꦸ (if followed by 'ꦸ' and several other glyphs), but are represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A98F.[1][2][3]
Pasangan
[edit]Its pasangan form ◌꧀ꦏ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦺ - anake (his/her child), which, although transliterated with a single 'k', is written using double 'ꦏ' because the root word ('anak', child) ends in 'ꦏ'.
The pasangan has two forms, the other is used when the pasangan is followed by 'ꦸ', 'ꦹ', 'ꦿ', 'ꦽ', or 'ꦾ'. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦸ - anakku (my child)
Extended form
[edit]The letter ꦏ has a murda form, which is ꦑ.
Using cecak telu (ꦏ꦳), the syllable represents Arabic ح (/ħ/ or /x/).
ꦏ with a cerek (ꦐ) is called Ka sasak.
Glyphs
[edit]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ciri_aksara_jawa.jpg/300px-Ciri_aksara_jawa.jpg)
Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ꦏ ka | ꦏꦃ kah | ꦏꦁ kang | ꦏꦂ kar | ◌꧀ꦏ -ka | ◌꧀ꦏꦃ -kah | ◌꧀ꦏꦁ -kang | ◌꧀ꦏꦂ -kar |
ꦏꦺ ke | ꦏꦺꦃ keh | ꦏꦺꦁ keng | ꦏꦺꦂ ker | ◌꧀ꦏꦺ -ke | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦃ -keh | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦁ -keng | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦂ -ker |
ꦏꦼ kê | ꦏꦼꦃ kêh | ꦏꦼꦁ kêng | ꦏꦼꦂ kêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦼ -kê | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦃ -kêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦁ -kêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦂ -kêr |
ꦏꦶ ki | ꦏꦶꦃ kih | ꦏꦶꦁ king | ꦏꦶꦂ kir | ◌꧀ꦏꦶ -ki | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦃ -kih | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦁ -king | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦂ -kir |
ꦏꦺꦴ ko | ꦏꦺꦴꦃ koh | ꦏꦺꦴꦁ kong | ꦏꦺꦴꦂ kor | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴ -ko | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦃ -koh | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦁ -kong | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦂ -kor |
ꦏꦸ ku | ꦏꦸꦃ kuh | ꦏꦸꦁ kung | ꦏꦸꦂ kur | ◌꧀ꦏꦸ -ku | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦃ -kuh | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦁ -kung | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦂ -kur |
ꦏꦿ kra | ꦏꦿꦃ krah | ꦏꦿꦁ krang | ꦏꦿꦂ krar | ◌꧀ꦏꦿ -kra | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦃ -krah | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦁ -krang | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦂ -krar |
ꦏꦿꦺ kre | ꦏꦿꦺꦃ kreh | ꦏꦿꦺꦁ kreng | ꦏꦿꦺꦂ krer | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺ -kre | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦃ -kreh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦁ -kreng | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦂ -krer |
ꦏꦽ krê | ꦏꦽꦃ krêh | ꦏꦽꦁ krêng | ꦏꦽꦂ krêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦽ -krê | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦃ -krêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦁ -krêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦂ -krêr |
ꦏꦿꦶ kri | ꦏꦿꦶꦃ krih | ꦏꦿꦶꦁ kring | ꦏꦿꦶꦂ krir | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶ -kri | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦃ -krih | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦁ -kring | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦂ -krir |
ꦏꦿꦺꦴ kro | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ kroh | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ krong | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ kror | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴ -kro | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ -kroh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ -krong | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ -kror |
ꦏꦿꦸ kru | ꦏꦿꦸꦃ kruh | ꦏꦿꦸꦁ krung | ꦏꦿꦸꦂ krur | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸ -kru | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦃ -kruh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦁ -krung | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦂ -krur |
ꦏꦾ kya | ꦏꦾꦃ kyah | ꦏꦾꦁ kyang | ꦏꦾꦂ kyar | ◌꧀ꦏꦾ -kya | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦃ -kyah | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦁ -kyang | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦂ -kyar |
ꦏꦾꦺ kye | ꦏꦾꦺꦃ kyeh | ꦏꦾꦺꦁ kyeng | ꦏꦾꦺꦂ kyer | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺ -kye | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦃ -kyeh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦁ -kyeng | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦂ -kyer |
ꦏꦾꦼ kyê | ꦏꦾꦼꦃ kyêh | ꦏꦾꦼꦁ kyêng | ꦏꦾꦼꦂ kyêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼ -kyê | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦃ -kyêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦁ -kyêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦂ -kyêr |
ꦏꦾꦶ kyi | ꦏꦾꦶꦃ kyih | ꦏꦾꦶꦁ kying | ꦏꦾꦶꦂ kyir | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶ -kyi | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦃ -kyih | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦁ -kying | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦂ -kyir |
ꦏꦾꦺꦴ kyo | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ kyoh | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ kyong | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ kyor | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴ -kyo | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ -kyoh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ -kyong | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ -kyor |
ꦏꦾꦸ kyu | ꦏꦾꦸꦃ kyuh | ꦏꦾꦸꦁ kyung | ꦏꦾꦸꦂ kyur | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸ -kyu | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦃ -kyuh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦁ -kyung | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦂ -kyur |
Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ꦏ꦳ kʰa | ꦏ꦳ꦃ kʰah | ꦏ꦳ꦁ kʰang | ꦏ꦳ꦂ kʰar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ -kʰa | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦃ -kʰah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦁ -kʰang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦂ -kʰar |
ꦏ꦳ꦺ kʰe | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ kʰeh | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ kʰeng | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ kʰer | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺ -kʰe | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ -kʰeh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ -kʰeng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ -kʰer |
ꦏ꦳ꦼ kʰê | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ kʰêh | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ kʰêng | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ kʰêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼ -kʰê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ -kʰêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ -kʰêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ -kʰêr |
ꦏ꦳ꦶ kʰi | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ kʰih | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ kʰing | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ kʰir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶ -kʰi | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ -kʰih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ -kʰing | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ -kʰir |
ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ kʰo | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ kʰoh | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ kʰong | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ kʰor | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ -kʰo | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -kʰoh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -kʰong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -kʰor |
ꦏ꦳ꦸ kʰu | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ kʰuh | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ kʰung | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ kʰur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸ -kʰu | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ -kʰuh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ -kʰung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ -kʰur |
ꦏ꦳ꦿ kʰra | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ kʰrah | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ kʰrang | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ kʰrar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿ -kʰra | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ -kʰrah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ -kʰrang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ -kʰrar |
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ kʰre | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ kʰreh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ kʰreng | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ kʰrer | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ -kʰre | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -kʰreh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -kʰreng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -kʰrer |
ꦏ꦳ꦽ kʰrê | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ kʰrêh | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ kʰrêng | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ kʰrêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽ -kʰrê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ -kʰrêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ -kʰrêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ -kʰrêr |
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ kʰri | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ kʰrih | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ kʰring | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ kʰrir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ -kʰri | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -kʰrih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -kʰring | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -kʰrir |
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ kʰro | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ kʰroh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ kʰrong | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ kʰror | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -kʰro | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -kʰroh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -kʰrong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -kʰror |
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ kʰru | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ kʰruh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ kʰrung | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ kʰrur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ -kʰru | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -kʰruh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -kʰrung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -kʰrur |
ꦏ꦳ꦾ kʰya | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ kʰyah | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ kʰyang | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ kʰyar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾ -kʰya | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ -kʰyah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ -kʰyang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ -kʰyar |
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ kʰye | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ kʰyeh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ kʰyeng | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ kʰyer | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ -kʰye | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -kʰyeh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -kʰyeng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -kʰyer |
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ kʰyê | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ kʰyêh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ kʰyêng | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ kʰyêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ -kʰyê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -kʰyêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -kʰyêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -kʰyêr |
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ kʰyi | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ kʰyih | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ kʰying | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ kʰyir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ -kʰyi | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -kʰyih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -kʰying | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -kʰyir |
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ kʰyo | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ kʰyoh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ kʰyong | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ kʰyor | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -kʰyo | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -kʰyoh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -kʰyong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -kʰyor |
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ kʰyu | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ kʰyuh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ kʰyung | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ kʰyur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ -kʰyu | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -kʰyuh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -kʰyung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -kʰyur |
Unicode block
[edit]Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.
Javanese[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+A98x | ꦀ | ꦁ | ꦂ | ꦃ | ꦄ | ꦅ | ꦆ | ꦇ | ꦈ | ꦉ | ꦊ | ꦋ | ꦌ | ꦍ | ꦎ | ꦏ |
U+A99x | ꦐ | ꦑ | ꦒ | ꦓ | ꦔ | ꦕ | ꦖ | ꦗ | ꦘ | ꦙ | ꦚ | ꦛ | ꦜ | ꦝ | ꦞ | ꦟ |
U+A9Ax | ꦠ | ꦡ | ꦢ | ꦣ | ꦤ | ꦥ | ꦦ | ꦧ | ꦨ | ꦩ | ꦪ | ꦫ | ꦬ | ꦭ | ꦮ | ꦯ |
U+A9Bx | ꦰ | ꦱ | ꦲ | ꦳ | ꦴ | ꦵ | ꦶ | ꦷ | ꦸ | ꦹ | ꦺ | ꦻ | ꦼ | ꦽ | ꦾ | ꦿ |
U+A9Cx | ꧀ | ꧁ | ꧂ | ꧃ | ꧄ | ꧅ | ꧆ | ꧇ | ꧈ | ꧉ | ꧊ | ꧋ | ꧌ | ꧍ | ꧏ | |
U+A9Dx | ꧐ | ꧑ | ꧒ | ꧓ | ꧔ | ꧕ | ꧖ | ꧗ | ꧘ | ꧙ | ꧞ | ꧟ | ||||
Notes |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
- ^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
- ^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.