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Women in chemistry

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of women chemists. It should include those who have been important to the development or practice of chemistry. Their research or application has made significant contributions in the area of basic or applied chemistry.

Nobel Laureates[1]

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Eight women have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (listed above), awarded annually since 1901 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Marie Curie was the first woman to receive the prize in 1911, which was her second Nobel Prize (she also won the prize in physics in 1903, along with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel – making her the only woman to be award two Nobel prizes). Her prize in chemistry was for her "discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element." Irene Joliot-Curie, Marie's daughter, became the second woman to be awarded this prize in 1935 for her discovery of artificial radioactivity. Dorothy Hodgkin won the prize in 1964 for the development of protein crystallography. Among her significant discoveries are the structures of penicillin and vitamin B12. Forty five years later, Ada Yonath shared the prize with Venkatraman Ramakrishnan and Thomas A. Steitz for the study of the structure and function of the ribosome. Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A Doudna won the 2020 prize in chemistry “for the development of a method for genome editing.”[2] Charpentier and Doudna are the first women to share the Nobel Prize in chemistry.[3]

Wolf Laureates

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Three women have been awarded the Wolf Prize in Chemistry, they are:

  • 2006 – Ada Yonath "for ingenious structural discoveries of the ribosomal machinery of peptide-bond formation and the light-driven primary processes in photosynthesis.[4]
  • 2022 – Bonnie L. Bassler and Carolyn R. Bertozzi "for their seminal contributions to understanding the chemistry of cellular communication and inventing chemical methodologies to study the role of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in such biological processes."[5]

Chemical elements

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In the periodic table of elements, two chemical elements are named after a female scientist:

List of women chemists

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The following list is split into the centuries when the majority of the scientist's work was performed. The scientist's listed may be born and perform work outside of the century they are listed under.

19th century

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20th century

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21st century

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Nobel Prize Awarded Women". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2016-04-18.
  2. ^ "2020 Nobel Prizes Honor Three Women in Science". AIP Publishing LLC. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  3. ^ "Two women share chemistry Nobel in historic win for 'genetic scissors'". BBC News. 2020-10-07. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  4. ^ "Ada Yonath". Wolf Foundation. 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  5. ^ "Bonnie L. Bassler". Wolf Foundation. 2022-02-08. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  6. ^ Creese, Mary (1998). Ladies in the Laboratory? American and British Women in Science, 1800-1900: A Survey of their Research (1st ed.). Lanham, MD & London: The Scarecrow Press. p. 256. ISBN 0810832879.
  7. ^ a b "The Hammond Lab – Engineering Multifunctional Polymeric Materials". Retrieved 2021-01-06.
  8. ^ "Sherry R. Chemler, Ph.D." arts-sciences.buffalo.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  9. ^ Chemler, S. R.; Karyakarte, S. D.; Khoder, Z. M. (2017). "Stereoselective and Regioselective Synthesis of Heterocycles via Copper-Catalyzed Additions of Amine Derivatives and Alcohols to Alkenes". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 82 (21): 11311–11325. doi:10.1021/acs.joc.7b02072. PMC 5782808. PMID 28910106.
  10. ^ "Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award Recipients". acs.org. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  11. ^ "Deuterium switcheroo breathes life into old drugs". Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN). Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  12. ^ "Deuterating Chiral Centers Stabilizes Thalidomide Analogs". Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN). Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  13. ^ "Start-Up Hurdles". Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN). Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  14. ^ "Poxel Expands Metabolic Pipeline Through Strategic Acquisition Agreement with DeuteRx for DRX-065, a Novel Clinical Stage Drug Candidate for NASH, and Other Programs". businesswire. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  15. ^ "Management Team DeuteRx". www.deuterx.com. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  16. ^ "2013 Women to Watch: Sheila DeWitt". Boston Business Journal. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  17. ^ Czarnik, Anthony W.; DeWitt, Sheila Hobbs, eds. (December 18, 1997). A Practical Guide to Combinatorial Chemistry (ACS Professional Reference Book) 1st Edition. American Chemical Society. ISBN 978-0841234857.
  18. ^ "Professor Dame Clare Grey FRS | Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry". www.ch.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
  19. ^ "Clare Grey: New Batteries for more Climate Protection". Körber-Stiftung. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
  20. ^ "Paula Hammond | Koch Institute". ki.mit.edu. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
  21. ^ "Jeanne Hardy | Department of Chemistry | UMass Amherst". www.umass.edu. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
  22. ^ "HotSpot Therapeutics Completes $45 Million Series A Financing to Advance New Approach to Allosteric Drug Discovery". prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  23. ^ "Atlas-backed startup raises $100M for protein 'hotspots'". bizjournals.com. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  24. ^ "Rachel Haurwitz, Ph.D." Biocom California. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
  25. ^ "K.U. (Katja) Loos, Prof". University of Groningen. 2022-06-25. Retrieved 2024-02-27.