增
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See also: 増
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 増 |
---|---|
Simplified | 增 |
Traditional | 增 |
Han character
[edit]增 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土金田日 (GCWA), four-corner 48166, composition ⿰土曾)
Related characters
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5454
- Dae Jaweon: page 477, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 489, character 6
- Unihan data for U+589E
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
增 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 増 曾 ⿰土⿳丷囚曰 𢴣 ⿰土⿳⺈田曰 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 增 | |||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ) – things grow in the earth, to build from earth.
Etymology
[edit]The Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction of this word is *s-tˤəŋ, suggesting the word is derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up”) by *s- prefixing.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chen
- Northern Min (KCR): cāing
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tsen
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zeng
- Wade–Giles: tsêng1
- Yale: dzēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeng
- Palladius: цзэн (czɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zang1 / cang4
- Yale: jāng / chàhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzang1 / tsang4
- Guangdong Romanization: zeng1 / ceng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /taŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chen
- Hakka Romanization System: zen
- Hagfa Pinyim: zen4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sen⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cāing
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
- Tâi-lô: tsng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
- Tâi-lô: tsing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zêng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡seŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 增 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡səŋ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡səŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡səŋ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /t͡səŋ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡səŋ²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡səŋ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡səŋ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡sə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡səŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡sə̃n³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sen⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /t͡sə⁴⁴̃/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡sən³¹/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sən²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡səŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /t͡səŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sen³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡saŋ³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʌ̃³¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sɛ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sən³³/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sən³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɛn⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sen⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sen²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐŋ⁵³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɛiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡saiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡seŋ³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡seŋ³³/ /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tsong, tsongH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tˤəŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːŋ/, /*ʔsɯːŋs/
Definitions
[edit]增
- to increase; to expand; to gain; to add
- a surname: Zeng
- 13th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "expansion; growth" (𝌒)
Synonyms
[edit]- (to increase):
Compounds
[edit]- 丹增 (Dānzēng)
- 倍增 (bèizēng)
- 增值 (zēngzhí)
- 增修 (zēngxiū)
- 增光 (zēngguāng)
- 增刊
- 增列
- 增刪/增删 (zēngshān)
- 增劇/增剧
- 增加 (zēngjiā)
- 增印
- 增增減減/增增减减
- 增多 (zēngduō)
- 增大 (zēngdà)
- 增幅 (zēngfú)
- 增廣/增广 (zēngguǎng)
- 增廣生員/增广生员
- 增廣見聞/增广见闻
- 增建
- 增強/增强 (zēngqiáng)
- 增援 (zēngyuán)
- 增損/增损
- 增收
- 增殖 (zēngzhí)
- 增添 (zēngtiān)
- 增減/增减 (zēngjiǎn)
- 增生 (zēngshēng)
- 增產/增产 (zēngchǎn)
- 增益 (zēngyì)
- 增福財神/增福财神
- 增聘
- 增色
- 增補/增补 (zēngbǔ)
- 增訂/增订 (zēngdìng)
- 增訂版/增订版 (zēngdìngbǎn)
- 增設/增设 (zēngshè)
- 增資/增资 (zēngzī)
- 增輝/增辉
- 增辟
- 增進/增进 (zēngjìn)
- 增量 (zēngliàng)
- 增長/增长 (zēngzhǎng)
- 增長見識/增长见识
- 增闢/增辟
- 增防
- 增韻/增韵
- 增額國代/增额国代
- 增高 (zēnggāo)
- 年增率
- 擴增/扩增 (kuòzēng)
- 日增月益
- 暴增 (bàozēng)
- 有增無損/有增无损
- 有增無減/有增无减
- 添增 (tiānzēng)
- 激增 (jīzēng)
- 福履增綏/福履增绥
- 累增字
- 與日俱增/与日俱增 (yǔrìjùzēng)
- 蒲扇價增/蒲扇价增
- 蓬蓽增輝/蓬荜增辉
- 踵事增華/踵事增华
- 逆增
- 遞增/递增 (dìzēng)
- 陡增 (dǒuzēng)
- 馬齒徒增/马齿徒增
- 齒德俱增/齿德俱增
References
[edit]- “增”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]増 | |
增 |
Kanji
[edit]增
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 増)
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]增 (eumhun 더할 증 (deohal jeung))
Compounds
[edit]- 증가 (增加, jeungga, “increasing (increased amount)”)
- 증감 (增減, jeunggam, “increasing and decreasing”)
- 증량 (增量, jeungnyang, “increasing in quantity”)
- 증설 (增設, jeungseol, “adding installations”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]增: Hán Nôm readings: tăng, tâng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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